 This study investigates the use of urinary exosomal proteomic profiles to identify biomarkers for Parkinson's disease, PD. The research team used a combination of chemical affinity and mass spectrometry to analyze the protome and phosphoproteome of urinary exosomes from four different groups, healthy controls, healthy carriers of the G 2019 S mutation in the LRK2 gene, idiopathic PD cases, and LRK2 PD cases. They identified several proteins and phosphoproteins that were significantly increased in PD cases, including those associated with autophagy, neuronal cell death, and neuro inflammation. Additionally, they found that these proteins could be detected in urine samples using parallel reaction monitoring and immuno assays. This study demonstrates the potential of urinary exosomal proteomic profiling as a non-invasive method for identifying biomarkers for PD. This article was authored by Marco Hadessuria, Lele, Canonart Kourinaturoin, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.