 Now we start with this first session on advancing migration governance, global capacity development frameworks and processes. Through this session, we will aim to look at existing and proposed capacity development frameworks that contribute to improve and strengthen the international governance of migration. With insights from distinguished speakers, we will examine the needs and try to identify the gaps in the field of capacity development. We will also examine how the multitude of stakeholders could work in harmony to assist strengthening the capacity of actors involved in global migration management. To help us today, I am honored to introduce to you First Mrs. Lidovina Magarin, Vice Minister for Salvadorians Abroad. It is a great pleasure, a great honor to welcome her here and ask her to enlighten us on the way. Thank you for coming. Good morning to all of you. A special greeting to the new director, Antonio Vittorino. Thank you very much for the great task you have given me to illuminate this forum. It is also a pleasure to share with Ambassador Gomez Camacho, with Samri and with the whole table in general. This day, which is so special for this forum, we are going to talk about the basis for the strengthening of the governance of migration, standards and processes for the development of capacity on a global scale. Mr. Director General, distinguished personalities who join this panel, friends and friends here present, in the name of the Salvador Government, I thank you for the invitation to participate in this meeting of the International Dialogue on Migration, in which we will address a key issue for the successful implementation of the World Pact for Migration, Security, Ordering and Regular. The focus of the capacity to face the current challenges facing an effective governance of migration. As we know, migration has accompanied us throughout the history of humanity. It is the first time that the United Nations has worked in a historical instrument and of great relevance for migration, as is the World Pact, for the Migration, Security, Ordering and Regular. And having achieved a fundamental text, mainly in the development of human rights and that the entire international community, to work closely in its implementation and implementation, does not have precedence. Although we recognize the great step that is taking place, we believe it is important to continue advancing towards legal, linked and integral standards. During the last seven decades, there has been a progressive development of the international rights of human rights, as well as the global, regional and national institutionality that responds to its defense and promotion. Thus, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Pact of Civil Rights and Politics, the Pact of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, etc., which was the basis for the process of the negotiation of the Pact. The international right recognizes that migrating or not is also a human right. Although there is no legal, integral instrument at an international level that establishes a framework for the governance of migration, there is a set of understanding, agreements, declarations and resolutions that guide what to do with the states on migration, which were created through relationships, negotiations and practices from state to state, plasmated in multilateral and bilateral treaties, as well as non-linking instruments that have become part of the international international right with its extraordinary. On the other hand, during the last 7 decades, the conception and work in favor of development has advanced from a merely economic conception to the current one that includes the economic, social and environmental dimensions. The best example of this substantial transformation in the understanding of development is Agenda 2030. Being migration an issue so closely linked to development, it is more than relevant to the complementarity that the Pact draws with Agenda. The United Nations Organization includes a sufficient amount of political dialogue, agencies and programs in which nature or mandates respond to the prioritization that both issues, that is, development and human rights have in the global agenda with its consequent work at regional and national level. Given the link between migration, development and rights, the immigration issue has been gaining importance in the creation of these spaces or instances and it has also led to a dialogue at a high level and a global forum from 2006 and 2007 respectively. However, the decision of the Secretary General of the United Nations to establish a network of immigration responds to the need to articulate in a better way the United Nations system whose recalibration is set from Resolution 72-279 approved by the General Assembly in May 2018. Both in the global perspective as regional and national, the strongest role in the development of capacity in immigration has mainly been the OIM, of the long-term, but whose work has been directed by its mandate and its own membership. The incorporation of this organization to the United Nations system is a recent issue, so the network that will be in charge of OIM has the challenge of achieving this work with a staff that allows to support the states in the efforts of implementation. In this sense, it is necessary to unify criteria for cooperation and to have a mechanism of development of robust capacity, technically and financially speaking. We must also strengthen the OIM so that more competencies and more resources should come. The governance of immigration also requires institutionalism in our countries, as well as national legal framework of conformity to the established principles in the World Pact, and to maintain a mechanism of follow-up and evaluation. On the other hand, it is important to strengthen regional conferences on immigration already existing, so that they can become space for follow-up to the fulfillment of the implementation of the World Pact on immigration. We recognize that extroversal, multi-causal, complex immigration and that it requires a high organization and coordination, but above all of the political will of the governments, consistent with the consensus on the World Pact on immigration, which leads to the historical leap that allows to honor the commitments of the United States of America to designate economic resources, human resources and materials for a greater and better attention to the migrant populations and above all, to prioritize through mechanisms agreed between the governments of the countries of origin and destiny the regular migration through family reunification plans, as well as other. The World Pact comes to set the foundations so that governments work at regional and sub-regional levels in instruments and mechanisms for a governance of immigration, which increases the capacity to attend to migrant populations based on what is established in it, with human right focus, which requires commitments in financial and co-operation to attack the causes that originate in accordance with the reality of each country and region. It is important to generate the necessary synergies between the global, the regional and the national. The adequacies that will have the system of development of the United Nations, as well as the regional and sub-regional mechanisms must consider the immigration theme and the implementation of the World Pact as an essential part of its work. With the announcement of the full integration of the OIM to the system, it opens an opportunity to promote a more integrated work in support of efforts that as countries we must undertake. Ladies and gentlemen, no state or government can manage with success the migration by itself. It is because of this that regional and international cooperation is needed from the focus of shared responsibility to manage the migration in a better way. The overall management of this is one of the most urgent and deep tests for international cooperation in our time. A good governance of the migration can contribute to sustainable development of the countries of origin, of transit, destiny and return, providing benefits and opportunities to the migrant people and their families, but also working as a catalyst for the development in general. On the other hand, we believe that we must improve the existing mechanisms at regional level to ensure the coherence of the actions in the area of migration. For example, to strengthen the existing mandates in mechanisms that generate specific actions to support the development of capacities. In this, the regional conferences on migration and the regional economic commissions could be key. Life tells us that all states have the sovereign right to develop their own policies to manage the migration and that the opportunities and the risks can vary depending on the countries and the migratory corridors. It is necessary to formulate policies that are integral and effective. These policies should be based on information and reliable data that address the particular difficulties of the different countries, regions and actors. The pact requires a multidisciplinary, intersectorial and integral that must be inserted in the framework of the international cooperation and the different existing initiatives in each region. It is essential that it is incorporated into governmental institutions as well as civil, academic organizations and other key actors so that there is a retroalimentation that allows us to design and promote a common national agenda in migratory matters. As the guide of this session the migration requires collaboration in various areas of politics to develop the capacities of different groups of actors to ensure the coherence of the actions. The pact itself is very clear to prioritize the integral of the government to ensure the horizontal and vertical coherence of the policies in all sectors and levels of government as well as the integral of society to address migration in all its dimensions through the inclusion of migrants, diasporas, local communities, civil, academic, private sector, parliamentary, syndicates and national institutions of humanitarian rights, communication and other parts interested in the governance of migration. In the scope of capacities all interlocutors at national level must manage and facilitate good practices such as recopilation and data analysis the development of effective consular practices the optimization of the management of borders the fulfillment of international obligations in coordination and dialogue and the collaboration in integral focus of government and society for the formulation of policies. It is important to ensure the technical and financial resources enough to respond effectively to the implementation of the pact. The states can have all the political will and make our efforts but if there is an opportunity to develop or consolidate our capacities we will probably not achieve the most ideal results. To exemplify the previous I will allow myself to refer to my country in the case of El Salvador the implementation of the agenda 2030 has given us an important financial burden but the cooperation has been key in terms of immigration we have made important progress regarding the regulations and measures of public policy but we could not have done so without the cooperation of the OIM cooperatives civil society and even our diaspora organized with the basis of our own experience and to realize the particular realities of each state we believe it is important to do an analysis of the situation for each country and region with the participation of multiple parties interested in order to prioritize those areas that require strengthening or identifying those efforts not yet understood. From this exercise it is very important to have an integral but also to have clear requirements so that the global support system is aligned to national priorities El Salvador is very committed to do an exemplary exercise advancing from there to the definition of a national plan of implementation of the World Pact of Immigration is an exemplary exercise which, after having already done a study during the first capital of the U.S. and the National Capital of the United States including our processo es ejemplar en parte por el compromiso de nuestro gobierno, pero a la vez gracias a todo el apoyo recibido desde el sistema de Naciones Unidas. Muchas gracias. Thank you so much, Madam Minister. Now I turn to Mr. Martin Schumann, Secretary General of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. I believe, sir, you are the first African to hold this post, but we have been linked with UEP for a very long time, so you are very much welcome and please you have the floor. Thank you very much, Mr. Director General. Thank you for inviting me to this very important gathering today, and we are really appreciative as you have said of the support that we have enjoyed from the International Organization on Migration. Let me use the opportunity also to congratulate you on your election and assumption of office as Director General, and you can count on the support of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the global parliamentary community in the accomplishment of your lofty mission, which I think is very crucial, especially given the challenges that we are facing today in terms of migration. Ladies and gentlemen, I am glad to be here to contribute to this very important dialogue that we are initiating here today, and I think that the issue that is before us is a very sensitive one, and you all agree with me that it is very sensitive and topical. I am therefore happy to see that participation is very high in this dialogue. I am hoping that out of this dialogue will emerge innovative ways of managing in a more efficient and effective manner the very crucial issue of migration. I am here to try to articulate the views of the parliamentary community in respect of this agenda, and as far as parliaments and their members are concerned, we can say that the question of migration governance and related capacities comes down first and foremost to politics. That is what parliamentarians are all about, politics. With or without the capacity to grapple with the issue, members of parliament are driven foremost by political considerations that reflect the mood of their electorates and socioeconomic conditions at the national level. Much of what we have done as an organisation of parliaments with many meetings and declarations is aimed at establishing a common understanding among our members of parliament of migration as an issue that needs to be dealt with objectively and as much as possible by depoliticising it. This is easier said than done, you will agree with me, but it is a necessary first step. We should realise that it is important to depoliticise the issue. As long as politics come into play, capacities matter little, and sound migration policies that can help reap benefits of migration and avoid the usual pitfalls are ignored. The promotion of parliamentary involvement in migration management has been a priority for the organisation and just to mention what we have done in recent years, in 2015 we adopted a landmark declaration on the imperative for fairer, smarter and more humane migration. It is a declaration that focuses on concrete measures parliamentarians can take to ensure sound policymaking. So that is part of the capacity building exercise that we have engaged in. Secondly we have also adopted a handbook that is being disseminated widely on migration, human rights and governance. This is a handbook that has been published in cooperation with the office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the International Labour Organisation. It provides information on the legal framework that exists and tools that parliamentarians can use to be more aware and co-versant with the issue of migration in order to help ensure the protection of the rights of migrants and the governance of international migration in compliance with the law. The critical contribution that parliaments can make to migration governance in the context of the global compact once it is adopted includes one, protection through the incorporation of migrants rights in legislation, support for the development of a governmental approach including adoption of indicators for implementation of target 10.7 of the SDGs and monitoring progress, promotion of a more balanced approach based on the empirical data about migration. And all of this is intended to help change the discourse on migration. In our view, in the IPU's view, parliamentary ownership of the migration issue is a prerequisite for developing a vision that would support a coherent parliamentary strategy adapted to the current situation including reference to migration in parliamentary priority actions. In a few days time in this very city, the IPU will be convening its 139th plenary assembly. And members, I'm sure, will be pleased to adopt a new resolution on strengthening inter-parliamentary cooperation on migration and migration governance in view of the adoption of the global compact for safe, orderly, and regular migration. That compact invites all the resolution invites members, parliaments to design and implement a parliamentary action plan on migration for the implementation of the global compact when it is adopted and to set a timetable to report back to the IPU on progress made. Mr. Director General and Moderator of this session, ladies and gentlemen, you will have subsumed from what I have said that the global compact enjoys the full support of the parliamentary community. And I want to use this opportunity to pay tribute to Ambassador Camacho and Ambassador Lobe for having set the global process towards the adoption of this compact. We hope that in Marrakesh the global ownership of this new international instrument will be confirmed through the adoption of the compact. We believe, in fact, that the global compact strikes a fine balance between the rights of states and those of migrants. For this reason, it is a politically sound document that is sellable to politicians of all political persuasions. This, however, is not a traumatic and will require a proactive effort which the IPU is very pleased to be able to contribute to. The first political choice that needs to be made is to stop looking at migration primarily primarily through a security lens. Parliaments need to understand that this is a development, human rights issue that requires a whole of government and a whole of parliament approach. This requires a raft of institutional capacities to be developed or fine tuned. Many parliaments or many countries in the world today lack a proper migration policy or have policies in place that are out of sync with social, economic and environmental realities. Parliaments need to demand that strong policies be put in place and that citizens and migrants themselves be involved actively in the design of those policies. Parliaments also need stronger capacities to oversee the implementation of those policies but then many of those parliaments currently lack those capacities and that is where the IPU once again and the international community should help develop capacities for parliaments to manage migration. Enhanced migration governance requires the adoption of national policies that take into account the international dimension and which facilitate the incorporation of international dialogue into the planning of development strategies. In this regard it is necessary to design this new migration policy architecture within the framework of the holistic structure suggested by the global compact. We believe that the time for silence and isolated national migration policies is over. A holistic approach requires more coordinated and harmonized strategies for targeted interventions. International cooperation is essential to this end. We encourage parliaments to establish inter-parliamentary cooperation to facilitate consultations on and harmonization of strategies, the exchange of good practices and to support the implementation of multilateral provisions and to develop partnerships with other stakeholders. And I'm glad that this session is dedicated also to looking at how those partnerships can be forged for greater effectiveness and efficiency. We therefore stress the importance of partnerships, including with civil society, very important, and other international organizations, were pleased to be able to join those efforts at the regional and international levels for a broadened interventions with lasting impact. In addition, we believe it is important to continue reflecting on the following areas while developing targeted migration strategies. The root causes of migration, material and financial support for development, increased investment, functioning democratic states, and regional economic integration are essential to this end. Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a viable long-term strategic approach in this respect. Social political and economic stability should be supported by a more positive discourse on migration. The IPU supports and encourages assertive leadership with a focus on positive aspects of migration and fact-based discourse by parliamentarians and governments. These include officials, business leaders, the media, and other stakeholders. A parliamentary approach to this objective should include concerted national action plans and strengthened domestic legislation against racism and xenophobia and in favor of non-discrimination and equality. Two, our effort should also aim to promote improved access to education, training, and continuous development to tackle the increasing global shortages of people with tessiary-level qualifications and the necessary vocational and technical skills. Three, the protection and security of women, children, unaccompanied children, and other vulnerable groups should be at the heart of the actions we take. After all, parliaments are all about representing all of society and not just part of society. As we know, the vulnerability of these groups exposes them to violence, exploitation, and other reprehensible practices, including trafficking, forced labour, and modern slavery. To conclude, Mr. Chair, I just want to restate that parliamentarians are encouraged to create a legislative environment that is conducive to human rights and hostile to indefensible practices related to migration in countries of origin, transit, and destination. I look forward to further interaction with the participants during this session. Thank you very much for your attention. Thank you so much, Mr. Secretary General. The third panelist is probably one of the persons that is responsible for us being here today discussing. I said it in the opening session, and I pay tribute to your library and to Ambassador Gomes Camacho for having been the co-facilitators. I think that once you are a facilitator, your task never ends. So here you are again. We are hoping that you facilitate us to have a better approach to the subject that brings us all together. Jose, bienvenido y tienes la palabra. Muchísimas gracias y creo que I think you are right on once you are co-facilitator you don't stop being a co-facilitator. This is not a joke. At some point my daughters start calling me co-facilitator instead of dad. So you are totally right with the other thing. Well, first quickly, I'd like to congratulate you, Mr. Director General Antonio, for taking office. You have an enormous challenge, particularly from now because of what is going on around the world. We really wish you all the very best. And I not only know you will be very successful, but still I really wish you all the very best. Let me, I'll make two or three points. And I'll start, I'll take from where Martin left because he made an important point. Every, we have a tool already. We have a set of tools, which is what the global compact is. It's a set of tools, processes, procedures, framework that may be critical in addressing global migration to make it safe, orderly and regular. Now I say may, not because the instrument itself is not good enough, is not perfect enough, is not well thought over enough. In fact, it is all those things. The challenge that we have is precisely the politics. We have the tools on the table. The question is, how are we going to ensure that these tools are being used or will be used? That's it. That's the first challenge we have. And the answer to that is the politics precisely. Now, I would approach it slightly different than Mr. Chungwon. I don't think the challenge is how to depoliticize migration. Migration is and will always be intrinsically political. The challenge is how are we going to handle those politics? How we can make the politics right? And the challenge is gigantic because we are probably still, we've been over the last few months, if not a few years, but let's say a few months, where migration rhetoric, I should say probably negative rhetoric, is at its peak. Where political careers all over the world, or in many countries around the world, are being done or undone based on migration. Where national political leadership is being driven rightly or wrongly by a migration agenda. Where communities around the world are, let's say, becoming hypersensitive, hyper-emotional, hyper-reactive to foreigners coming and joining in their communities. So how can we do that? To talk about capacity building, putting the tools right, could be meaningless or empty if we don't put the politics or make the politics right. Something that I, and on this I'm sure I speak on behalf of Ambassador Lauer and myself, because we experienced the process together. We both, one of the most interesting, fascinating, and satisfactory things that happened in the process, is that in fact, despite of these global contexts, these negative narratives, these challenges I just described, we managed nevertheless to build not only a global compact, but these global compacts, which is robust, which is strong, which is sample, which is comprehensive, which truly addresses the challenge, which means that the politics can be handled, or that the politics can be made right. And that's, I think, what we all together did in the process. So what is missing, what is next? I think the question remains the same as it was when we were negotiating the global compact. One single word, trust. Trust and more trust. So the same way we managed to build trust within the UN, amongst negotiators from whatever side of the aisle each of you were on the discussion or on the conversation, we need to be able to expand these trust levels in a more broader global way outside the United Nations. Because the debate and the conversation and the narrative we are having inside the UN still does not match that one that is happening outside. In fact, it's the other way around. That one happening globally is not matching yet neither the quality, nor the tone, nor the approach, nor the wisdom, nor the knowledge that we developed inside the UN. So there, Mr. Director General, I think we have an enormous challenge to go there. And I think, I don't have the answers, of course, but I think one critical element on that, and again, using the lessons learned, if you like, throughout our process, is the narrative. I think IOM, I think the UN as a whole, I think our governments need to start converging around a narrative. I wouldn't say a positive narrative. Of course, I wouldn't say either a negative narrative, just a commonsensical, fair narrative about the global migration challenge. Because if you see today the global discourse on migration, well, it's polarized. Either you are pro or you are against. Either you are on one side or you are on the other. But a commonsensical description of the phenomenon is lacking. And this commonsensical description of the phenomenon, again, is what made this negotiation successful. So my first point, and I leave it there, is this one. We really need to find a way to build a better global narrative, to educate better, to make everybody slowly understand. And to change slowly, it will take time, this social collective perspective about migration. Again, not to make it positive, not to make it negative, just to make it real. To make it objective if objectivity can exist in something like this. That's one point. Second point, trying to start getting into capacity, building, and so on and so forth, is the following. One very important element of the global compact, and this, by the way, will be fundamental in building a new narrative, is that we were true to our mantra of 360 degrees approach. Which means that the global compact was not an instrument to promote migration, not to, neither to, or not to dissuade migration, but to manage the phenomenon in, again, a commonsensical, fair, rational way. So in these 360 degrees, which means that we approach the phenomenon from A to Z, from the causes, the drivers, through the process until it ends, and how it ends, et cetera, et cetera, we very much focus on something that, traditionally, has been weak, if you like, in reflection and approach when discussing migration, which is the causes of migration, the reasons of migration, the drivers of migration, and the role of countries of origin in addressing migration. Because normally, if you go back in time, how the debate had been taking place, the focus normally was far more on the role of countries of destination, less on countries of origin. Here we are focusing on all of them according to what is necessary. And this question of the drivers and the reasons and the causes is very important, because the whole idea at the end of the day is that someone should not be forced, never be forced to emigrate if he or she does not wish to emigrate. The idea of being pushed out is a terrible one. So we need to understand the global compact, not as a standalone instrument. I think we need to understand the global compact as working in concert with other global governance instruments that we have built in the UN, namely, clearly, climate change, 2030 agenda, and absolutely financing for development. And understanding these as a bigger puzzle, global compact, climate change, 2030 agenda, financing for development, and maybe others, will also require a huge sense of cooperation, because at the end of the day, that's what the global compact does, by the way, which is creating a real platform for cooperation. So if we understand them as working together, as working in concert, we will have a far more coherent approach inside the UN at least in addressing this phenomenon. And final point I would make is that the UN system itself has a gigantic challenge. The UN system has the capacity, has the tools, the global compact provides all the additional spaces and tools that the system could have been in need of. I think now everything is on the table. The challenge for the system is to organize itself, to be coherent, to work in true cooperation under the leadership of IOM, so it is able to truly provide assistance to countries on the ground. If there is somewhere where the UN system can make a gigantic difference, it's precisely in working on the ground, both with countries of destination, which normally would need less, but still is very important, but mainly and fundamentally with countries of origin. That in principle would need more. I said in principle for both cases, because now we know that migration is in fact much more South-South and intra-regional than South-North as we normally thought it was. So the role of the UN system is absolutely critical, and we need to help the system to enable it to support countries in doing this. And within the same issue, we provided in the global compact really, really on capacity building one tool that when Ambassador Lauber, our teams and myself, were imagining how it would work or how to put it together, we wanted to bring something fresh, agile, expeditious, easy, well-focused, and something that would avoid at all costs getting entangled with big processes and bureaucracy and institutional complications, but it had to be something agile. And this is what we put there. Now the point is to use it. But the idea in there is that if you are a country, whatever country you are in the world, since the global compact addresses the whole chain of the migration phenomenon, if you need capacity, expertise, support, advice on specific links of the chain, you would have a window in the UN system, extremely expeditious, that will or would connect you with whoever can help you to develop whatever you need to develop on that specific link, together with the necessary very specific funding for that specific purpose, so you can put it in place in really or in a real short time. So again, we have the global compact, the tools are there, we think are very robust, we think are very efficient, we think will change the phenomenon as we want, but we need to make it work in a bigger concert, in a bigger puzzle, with other instruments, with a bigger sense of global governance, and indeed, as I said, trying to play the politics right. Never forget the politics, they are there, they will not change, they will remain is normal. The question is how can we navigate the politics in a more subtle way? Thank you very much, Mr. Director General. Thank you so much Juan Jose. And now for the last speaker. I welcome Ambed Yusin, General Secretary of the Building and Wood Workers International. We are very pleased to have you here. We value very much our partnership with the trade unions, and we give you the floor. Please, welcome. Thank you very much. Let me again congratulate you for being elected as the Director General. I just wanted to convey to you that the global trade union movement welcomes your election. Excellencies delegates, trade union and civil society colleagues, I'm very much welcome the opportunity for a trade union to be part of this global dialogue, particularly on the global dimensions of partnership and capacity building. The Building and Wood Workers International is a global union federation representing 12 million members in over 132 countries in the building, cement building materials, wood, forestry and allied sectors. A significant portion of our members and workers in our sectors are migrant workers. Promoting the fundamental human and labor rights for these workers lies at the heart of what we do. We are pleased that the human and labor rights framework is firmly placed in the global compact. But ensuring compliance requires vigilance, clear monitoring mechanisms and sustained action at the national, regional and international level, as well as at the private and public sectors. And yes, there are innumerable capacity development needs that must be back up with adequate resources. Let me frame my remarks on capacity development by referring to the significant deficit in the current human human rights regime, which needs to be addressed at the outset. Contrary to some popularly held notion, there does not exist a set of human rights that exclude people without papers from their application, whether they are refugees seeking asylum or migrants. Human rights are universal and indivisible. Migrants should not be treated mistreated, nor should parents be separated from their children, nor should their children deprive of the right to education, nor they should be deprived access to health care. They should benefit from the rule of law, due process and independent courts and be protected from arbitrary and extra-legal treatment. If migrant workers are to benefit from protections under the important international labor convention referred in paragraph two of the global compact, this should be ratified by all member states and systematically applied. For migrant workers, their principal enabling rights are their right to form and join trade unions and to engage in collective bargaining to improve their conditions of work. However, there are many situations where migrant construction workers are deprived of the right to organize and bargain collectively, either because they work in countries which denies those rights to workers across board or because migrants are excluded from the rights that protect the nationals of the country, or they may be excluded from the effective exercise of those rights because of precarious or temporary work, or because their engagement in circular migration schemes. Unfortunately, human and labor rights of migrant workers are routinely violated in many countries. However, we do have good examples and good practice. In this regard, I would like to speak about Qatar, where progress is being made. In 2016, BWI negotiated an agreement with the Supreme Committee for the delivery and legacy of Qatar, the body that is responsible for organizing the FIFA 2022 World Cup in Qatar. We are conducting joint inspections to ensure that rigorous health and safety standards are maintained for the benefit of workers on the construction site of the Qatar's World Cup stadiums and that the accommodation facilities for workers on the World Cup meet decent and humane living conditions. This agreement followed years of engagement with the Qatari authorities in addressing the rights and treatment of construction workers in the country. More recently, we also reached an agreement with the QDVC Vansi, the first BWI agreement with the Qatari company. Both agreement plays a priority on health and safety. Both provide the right for workers to be elected and trained in workers' committees that serve as grievance mechanism for workers to address their concerns, and both provide mechanism for ensuring fair recruitment. The reason I am mentioning this example is that they demonstrate that the good normative principles of human and labor rights espoused by the global compact for migration can be upheld contrary to the reservation expressed by some member states during the recent negotiations of the global compact. They serve to benefit the economy, the companies involved, and the workers. They are serving to move workers closer to the achievement of those enabling rights mentioned earlier. Clearly, there are capacity development questions to be addressed in all of this work. In this regard, we welcome the trade union movement to welcome the establishment of the capacity building mechanism as a component of the implementation of the global compact. However, the implementation of CBM must be grounded in sustainable development goals and in human rights principle that promotes the well-being of migrants and their families. There is a need for capacity development among governments to align their laws and institutions, including labor inspectorates with the international standard. They must enforce their laws systematically even in face of pushback from powerful multinational companies or political interests. This requires political will and effective governance to make sure that enforcement is not derailed. Another important area for capacity development and in some cases resource allocation is the regulation of recruitment agencies or support for a creation of a non-commercial recruitment agencies. These agencies place an important role in supplying workers to destination countries. There are outrageous abuses by recruitment agencies taking every day. There is a need for bilateral and regional agreements to regulate the recruitment industry. However, good governance is key. If elected politicians or government officials are getting their cut from exploitative recruitment practices, the best capacity in the world will change nothing. The ILO has developed fair recruitment program with recommendations and a web platform to assist workers through the recruitment process. But much more needs to be done by governments to make fair recruitment a reality. In this regard, the action items in objective six of the global compact on ethical recruitment and decent work should be fully adhered to including full use of the ILO general principles and operational guidelines for fair recruitment. Regional and bilateral agreements covering labor migration and recruitment must operate in accordance with the principles of fair migration as enshrined in the ILO Convention on Migration. The principle of equal treatment and non-discrimination in immunization and conditional work must be applied. If one worker has a different wage from another, doing the same work simply because they are from different countries, rational systems and efficient workable industrial relations will never develop. It is not fair and workers rightfully resent these differences. If we can move towards fair labor standard in countries where migrant workers are employed and achieve enabling rights to join trade union and bargain collectively, will be well on our way in fulfilling key commitments of the global compact. In conclusion, let me reiterate that if capacity development initiatives are to bear fruit and help make change possible, they must operate in a framework of rights and political way. We from the trade union movement are ready, willing and able to work closely with IOM, with ILO, with the governments and all the stakeholders to give life to the global compact and to give hope to the migrant workers and their families for dignity and decent work. Thank you very much. Thank you so much. I think that from the four speakers we got quite a variety of ideas. I would just like to emphasize four of them, one of each which is a very balanced approach. I start with the idea that countries can have national action plans to implement the global compact which means that in adopting such action plans they are setting their own priorities because as it has been said the global compact has a 300 degree view but some parts of the text are more fancy for some countries, some parts are more fancy for others. So it will be interesting to see how those national action plans will allow to establish the bridges between the different member states in sustaining the global compact as a whole. The idea of Juan José that we should not depoliticize, I think that I prefer to say depolarize. The problem in politics is not politics. The problem in politics is when things become too much polarized it's extremely difficult to find the middle ground and the danger we are confronted is that pretentiously easy solutions do not solve complex problems and polarization tends to favor so-called easy solutions that when they fail well they fire back in a much more dramatic way. So depolarization will be essential for the narrative but the narrative needs also to incorporate the perceptions that different public opinions have about migration. We need evidence base of course. We need rebuttal, rebuttal, rebuttal of what is false, what does not correspond to the reality and we need leadership and therefore parliaments have a key role to play because parliamentarians are the ones who are more close to the citizens and this kind of interaction with the public opinions depend a lot on the representation which is the basic of our democracy and last but not least one needs to realize that migration does not aim to disrupt the labour market. Regular migration is essential to guarantee not only the human rights of the migrants but also safe and dignified working conditions both for migrants and for the population of the countries of destination.