 A very good evening as friends, I welcome you all to the Hindu Daily News Analysis brought to you by Shankar Ayes Academy. As friends, many of you are watching our videos without subscribing to our YouTube channel. So please subscribe and hit the bell icon button so that you will get regular notifications about our current of his videos. Now, before getting into discussion, I have an important announcement to you. The announcement is regarding Prelims Test Series. Batch 4 of Shankar Ayes Academy's Prelims Test Series is about to begin. The orientation for the test is already concluded, but still you have a chance to enroll in this Batch 4. The first test in this batch will start on 16th December 2023. A total of 48 tests including Mock and CSAT will be provided in the test series. So go and register to the test series immediately and boost your Prelims score. Now, with this announcement, let us get into the daily news analysis. Today, I am going to cover important news articles from the Hindus paper dated 10th and 11th of December 2023. Already here is a list of topics that we will be discussing today. At the end of the video, we will also have Prelims practice question discussions. So try to watch the entire video. Now, let us get into our first news article discussion. Look at this news article. This article is taken from yesterday's newspaper. This article talks about the expansion of nesting sites of green turtles. Recently, some researchers have developed a research model for predicting the nesting location of green turtles. The research is modeled on how different greenhouse gas emission scenarios could affect the nesting range of green turtles by the year 2000. The results found that worsening climate change leads to the greater increases in the nesting ranges of green turtles. Okay, this is the finding. And this is the crux of the news article given here in this discussion. Let us understand some important points about the green turtle from Prelims perspective. The green turtle is one of the largest sea turtles in the world. It is the only herbivore species among the sea turtles. They are named as green turtles because of their green colored cartilage and fat, but not because of their shells. The green sea turtles mostly feed on seagrasses and algae. So the fat of green turtles appears greenish. That is why it is called as green turtles. Remember that in the eastern Pacific region, a group of green turtles have darker shells and they are called black turtles. Okay, this is the basic information about green turtles. Now moving on to see about the characteristics of green turtle. As I said already, the green turtle are herbivores and they mostly graze on seagrasses and algae. By doing this, they maintain the seagrass bits and make them more productive. The green turtles have paddle-like limbs called flippers. This allows the turtle to move quickly and easily through the water. The green turtles migrate long distances between the feeding grounds and the beaches where they hatch. Here note that the green turtles are particularly susceptible to rising sea temperatures. This is because the sex of the green turtles offspring is dependent on incubation temperature. Okay. Now moving on to see about the distribution of green turtles. The green turtles are found throughout the tropical and sub-tropical seas of the world. There are two distinct populations of green turtles in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Apart from this, it is also found in the Indian Ocean. As we saw earlier, the rising global temperatures lead to an increase in the nesting range of green turtles. So now it is said that the green turtles are also found in the Mediterranean Sea. Okay. So this is all about the distribution. Now talking about the threats, the green turtles face various threats. They are loss of habitat, accidental catching during fishing, illegal trading of green turtles, climate change, etc. Okay. Now finally, let us see the conservation status of green turtles. Due to high threats, the green turtles are placed under the category of endangered species in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. They are also listed under Appendix 1 of the sites. In India, the green turtles are protected under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife Protection Act 1972. This occurs high protection to the green turtles in India. Okay. This is all about the conservation status. And that is all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw about various information regarding green turtles. See this topic is very much important for your prelims exam. So revise all the facts that we discussed. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Look at this news article recently. The Forest Minister of Maharashtra has requested the central government to consider their proposal to construct an airport near the Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. Additionally, the minister told that the state government has responded to all the queries of the National Board for Wildlife regarding airport construction. This is the crux of the news article given here. In this discussion, let us see some important points about Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve and about the National Board for Wildlife. Now first, let us see about Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. First of all, know that Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve forms part of the Thadoba-Andhari National Park. This National Park is the oldest and largest national park of Maharashtra. Now coming to the Tiger Reserve, the Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve is one of the India's 47 project tiger reserves. It is located in the Chandrapur district of Maharashtra state. It is situated approximately 150 km from the city of Nagpur. The word Thadoba is derived from the name of God Thadoba or Taru. This God is praised by local tribal people of Thadoba region. And the word Andhari is derived from the name of Andhari river that flows in the National Park. This is the basics of the reserve. Now let us see the vegetation and flora and fauna found in the Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. The vegetation of Thadoba forest is mostly dominated by the tropical dry deciduous forest. Teak is the prominent tree species seen in the forest areas of Tiger Reserve. Here note that the major part of the forest areas of Tiger Reserve are in the hilly areas. So hillocks and terrains of such forests provide shelter to the wild animals in the Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. The Tiger Reserve is known for its dense forest area, smooth meadows and deep valleys. So it provides a great atmosphere to house more number of tigers. Apart from tigers, some of the important animal species like leopard, sloth bear, wild dog, gore, chital and sambar deer are also found in the Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. Due to the presence of various animal species, the Thadoba National Park is the main attraction for jungle or tiger safari. This is all about Thadoba-Andhari Tiger Reserve. Now let us see about National Board for Wildlife. The National Board for Wildlife was constituted in 2003. It was constituted by the central government under Section 5A of the Wildlife Protection Amendment Act 2002. As it was created under the Parliamentary Act, the National Board for Wildlife is a statutory body. Here note that the National Board for Wildlife has replaced the Indian Board for Wildlife. Okay. This is the basic about National Board for Wildlife. Now let us see the composition of the National Board for Wildlife. The National Board for Wildlife is a 47-member board and it is headed by the Prime Minister. The Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change serves as the vice chairperson of the board. The board also consists of members from government departments, then members from Parliament and NGOs. The board even consists of 10 eminent ecologists, conservationists and environmentalists. Okay. This is all about the composition. Now finally let us see the functions performed by National Board for Wildlife. Firstly, the board has the power to review all wildlife related matters. Secondly, the board approves the projects in and around national parks and wildlife sanctuaries in India. And finally, the National Board for Wildlife gives approval for the alteration of boundaries in national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. So boundaries of national parks and wildlife sanctuaries can be done only after receiving the approval of National Board for Wildlife. Here note that the decisions of the board are only advisory in nature and it is not binding on the government. Okay. So these are all some of the important functions performed by the National Board for Wildlife. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw various points regarding Thadoba-Andhari, Tiger-Sau and we saw some important points about National Board for Wildlife. See both these topics are very important for our prelims exam. So revise all the points that we discussed. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Look at this editorial article. This article talks about the government's attitude towards air pollution in India. The author points out that the BJP government has made numerous promises in the election manifestos regarding controlling air pollution. Some of the promises include ecological audit of developmental projects, prioritizing air pollution control mechanisms, then introducing a mission for clean air, etc. But the author is concerned that these promises made in the election manifestos of the BJP government remain only as a promise and there are no any positive outcomes. So the author criticizes this attitude of the BJP government and he urges the government to hold priority talks about air pollution and climate change in the winter session of parliament. Okay. This is the crux of the editorial given here. Now in this context, let us understand the causes and effects of air pollution and then we will see the measures taken by the government to address air pollution. We will understand these points using our main's answer rating approach. Now first, let us see the question. The question is, enumerate the reasons and effects of rising air pollution in India. List out the steps taken by the Indian government to tackle air pollution. 250 words, 15 marks. See this question can be asked in general studies paper two under the syllabus topic of government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation. The question even can be asked in general studies paper three under the syllabus topic of conservation environmental pollution and degradation environmental impact assessment. Okay. This is the syllabus. Now coming back to the question, this is a very state forward question. First, we have to write the causes and effects of air pollution and then we have to write the steps taken by the Indian government to tackle air pollution. Okay. Now let us straight away get into the introduction. Since the question is about air pollution, we can give a brief definition of air pollution and then we can also mention some important data about air pollution in India. Now let us see the definition of air pollution and some data. Air pollution refers to the contamination of the indoor or outdoor air. It can be caused by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the air present in the atmosphere. Okay. This is the definition of air pollution. According to IQ airs world air quality report in 2022 India was the eighth most polluted country in the world. In the report nearly 39 Indian cities appeared in the list of 50 most polluted cities in the world. The report also stated that air pollution is the second biggest risk factor for disease in India. This reflects the effect of rising air pollution in India. Okay. So this way you can write the introduction for the question. If you notice carefully, we also provided some data to support our answer. Okay. Now moving on to the main body of the answer. Here we have to split the body of the answer into two parts. In the first part, we have to list the reasons and effects of rising air pollution in India. Then the second part, you have to write the steps taken by the Indian government to tackle air pollution. Now, first let us look at the reasons for rising air pollution in India. The first reason is the industrial and vehicular emission. See burning of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and etc releases huge sulfur dioxide. So this is one of the main causes of air pollution. Apart from this, the hydrocarbons which make up petroleum do not burn completely in vehicle engines. This leads to the emission of particulate matter, nitric acid, carbon monoxide, etc to the environment. This also leads to high pollution levels. Okay. This is the first cause. Secondly, certain agricultural practices lead to increased air pollution. For example, ammonia, which is a byproduct of agriculture is one of the most hazardous substances that pollutes the air. Apart from this, stubble burning and practices like slash and burn agriculture increases the emission of particulate matters. This leads to increased air pollution. In addition to this, monocropping of rice across the country is responsible for large amounts of methane emissions. For instance, paddy fields in India produce about 20% of the world's methane due to their swamp-like environment. So this huge methane emissions also contribute to the high air pollution. Then the third important cause is construction and demolition activities. These activities also increase the load of particulate matter and degrade air quality. Then the fourth main cause of air pollution is landfills. In the long run, the landfills can produce methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen and non-methane organic compounds. These gases can also contribute to high air pollution. Finally, the use of firecrackers also increases air pollution. Firecrackers are mostly used in Diwali celebrations as well as in weddings and political functions. This also leads to increased air pollution. So these are all some of the reasons for air pollution in India. Now talking about the effects of air pollution, firstly air pollution causes respiratory diseases. For example, some studies say that air pollution in India is responsible for the highest number of respiratory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. The air pollution is also responsible for the rising cases of cancer and stroke throughout the country. The studies show that due to respiratory diseases, the people in cities have a reduced life expectancy of 9 years at the present stage. Apart from this, a study conducted by the Lancet found that nearly 1.6 million deaths in India could be attributed to air pollution in 2019. This comprises about 18% of total deaths in the country. So respiratory diseases and associated death is the important effect of air pollution. Secondly, air pollution contributes to climate change. The emission of greenhouse gases leads to extreme weather events. This affects the energy balance of the earth. This in turn causes economic and livelihood losses. And finally, the air pollution is causing the depletion of the ozone layer. This results in the melting down of glaciers and causes the sea level to rise. This in turn affects coastal communities and small island nations. So these are all some of the important effects of air pollution. Now moving to the second part of the answer, here we will see the measures taken by the government to address air pollution. Firstly, you can write about the launch of the National Clean Air Program. It is a pollution control initiative launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Through this plan, the government aims to reduce the concentration of particulate matter in the environment by at least 20% in 2024 in one or two cities, including Delhi. Secondly, the central government releases the National Air Quality Index. It is being released by the Central Pollution Control Board. This index provides information for the public regarding air pollution. This helps the people to take adequate safeguards against air pollution. Thirdly, the government has brought in stricter emission standards for vehicles. For example, recently, the central government has adopted border stage six norms to limit harmful exhaust emissions from the vehicles. Fourthly, the government of India has adopted the Fame India Scheme. This scheme aims to promote the adoption of electric vehicles. For the faster adoption of electric vehicles, the government provides subsidies to the buyers of electric vehicles. And finally, India has also adopted alternatives to fossil fuels through various schemes like go-bar-than and ethanol blending. Here note that under the go-bar-than scheme, the government aims to convert waste to energy by promoting a circular economy. So these are all some of the measures taken by the government to address air pollution. You can write these points in the second part of the answer. Now having completed the body part, let us move on to the conclusion. In the conclusion part, we can give a balanced view. The conclusion can be like, economic development is often accompanied by environmental pollution. This is because the economic growth also leads to more greenhouse gas emissions, dust and so on. India has a target of achieving 50% of installed capacity of clean energy by 2030. Currently India's installed capacity of clean energy is around 44%. India is nearing to achieve the 50% target before the deadline of 2030. As air pollution levels keep on rising in India, the target should be enhanced in order to shift towards cleaner energy. By doing this, India will surely achieve the goal of net zero emissions by the year 2070. Okay, so this way you can write a conclusion for this question. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion through the main answer rating approach, we saw the causes and effects of air pollution in India. Then we saw about the measures taken by the Indian government to tackle air pollution. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Look at this news article. Months ago, the central government has launched the PM Usho Karma scheme. This scheme is aimed at providing skill upgradation training to the traditional artisans in our country. While launching the scheme, the government invited applications from the artisans. This article reports that the scheme has received over 21 lakh applications in two and a half months. The highest number of applications had come from Karnataka followed by West Bengal, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, etc. Okay, this is the crux of the news article given here. Now in this discussion, let us understand some important points about the PM Usho Karma scheme. The PM Usho Karma scheme was launched on September 17, 2023 on the occasion of Vishwakarma Jayanti. Here, note that Vishwakarma is a primary deity of the craftsmen people. The Vishwakarma is also said to be the divine architect of the Tevas in Hinduism. Now, coming to the scheme, the PM Usho Karma scheme is primarily aimed at providing governmental support to workers who engage in traditional crafts and skills. Since the scheme is related to craftsmen, it got the name of Craftsman deity Vishwakarma. The Vishwakarma scheme is a central sector scheme. This means that the scheme is fully funded by the central government. The scheme was set up with a budget of rupees 13,000 crore. Note that the scheme will be implemented for a period of five years, that is from financial year 2023-24 to financial year 2027-28. Okay, the nodal ministry for monitoring the scheme is the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. However, the scheme will be jointly implemented by the Ministry of MSME, the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship and Ministry of Finance. Okay, this is the basics about the PM Usho Karma scheme. Now talking about the objectives, the PM Usho Karma Yojana aims to strengthen and nurture the Guru Shishya Parampara or family-based practice of traditional skills. This means that the scheme promotes the passing down of skills within families that are engaged in artworks and crafts making. The scheme also aims to improve the reach of products and services of artisans and crafts people by integrating them with the domestic and global value chains. Okay, this is all about the objectives of PM Usho Karma scheme. Here note that there are 18 occupations which are covered under the PM Usho Karma scheme. I have listed the occupations here. You can pass the video and go through it. Okay, now finally, let us see the benefits of PM Usho Karma scheme. Firstly, under the scheme, the Visho Karma workers will be registered for free through common service centers using the biometric-based PM Usho Karma portal. Then they will be provided recognition through the PM Usho Karma certificate and ID card. In addition to this, the artisans and crafts people are provided with the credit support of up to 2 lakh. Note that the credit will be provided with a concessional interest rate of 5%. This is the first benefit. Apart from this, the scheme provides skill upgradation, toolkit incentive, and marketing support to artisans and crafts people. The scheme offers a stipend of Rs 500 for skill training per day and Rs 15,000 grant for the purchase of modern tools. Okay, this is all about the benefits of PM Usho Karma scheme. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw various aspects of PM Usho Karma scheme. Now with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Look at this news article. This article is taken from the FAQ page of yesterday's newspaper. This article talks about the crimes against women in India. This article analyzes the data from 2022 National Crime Records Bureau report. Apart from this, the article also discusses the laws created for women safety in India. So, in our discussion today, we will understand the important points mentioned in this FAQ article. Now, first let us see the data from the 2022 NCRB report. Now, first let us see the data about the crime rates in our country. The report of NCRB shows that overall crime rate in India was declined in 2022. The crime rate was reduced to 258 per lakh population, compared to 268 per lakh population in 2021. However, the report notes that crime against women rose by 4% in 2022, compared to the previous year. This is the first important data provided in the report. Secondly, the report points out the nature of crimes against women. The report says that majority of crimes against women were cruelty by husband or relatives, which comprises 31.4% of crimes. The cruelties followed by kidnapping or abduction of women, then assault with intent to outrage modesty and rape. The NCRB report points out that in 2022, 13,479 cases were registered under the Dowry Prohibition Act. Then thirdly, the report explains the reasons behind rising crimes against women. The report says that increase in crime rates against women can be attributed to patriarchal society, unchanged male mindsets, societal attitudes despite high education levels, strengthening of regressive value systems, etc. So, this highlights the need for strong political will to elevate women's status. This is the third important data provided in the 2022 NCRB report. Fourthly, the NCRB report shows that there is an increased registration of crimes against women. The report says that overall 4.45 lakh cases were registered in 2022, that is nearly 51 FIRs are recorded every year. This means there is an increased registration of crimes against women in India. What is the significance of this? The increased registration of crimes reflects that women feel confident to approach the police and get criminal cases registered unlike the olden days. So, this is all about the 2022 NCRB report. Now, moving on to see about the laws created for women's safety. See, government has created many laws for women's safety in the past. Some of the important laws include Immoral Traffic Prevention Act 1956, Dowry Prohibition Act 1961, Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005, and the Sexual Arrestment of Women at Workplace Prevention Act 2013. See, these are all some of the laws created for protection of women. But the implementations of these laws have serious problems. Now, let us see the challenges in implementing these women's safety laws. Firstly, poor quality of police investigations and delays in judicial process in courts contributes to the poor implementation of women's safety laws. Secondly, lower representation of women in the police force leads to more workloads on women officers. This causes slower investigations and convictions in crimes related to women. And finally, various social factors like illiteracy, poverty, social customs and values, religious beliefs and mindset of the society. They also hinder the effective implementation of women's safety laws. Okay, so these are all some of the important challenges in implementing women's safety legislations in India. To conclude, ensuring women's safety in India in line with sustainable development goal five, that is gender equality, will help to overall development of women. For example, empowering all women and girls on addressing issues like violence and discrimination can help to achieve gender equality. This in turn ensures the prosperity of nations and progress of societies. Okay, and that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw the data from 2022 NCRB report and then we saw the challenges implementing women's safety legislations in India. Now, with these points in mind, let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now, take a look at this news article. This article is taken from yesterday's newspaper. This article talks about the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Mahabhiyan, that is PM Janman scheme. This scheme is aimed at improving socio-economic conditions of particularly vulnerable tribal groups, that is the PVTGs. So, in this discussion, let us understand about PVTGs and about PM Janman scheme. Now, first, let us see who are PVTGs. See, particularly vulnerable tribal groups, which are shortly called as PVTGs or tribal communities in India that are considered the most vulnerable among the scheduled tribes. They were identified based on certain criteria. The criteria include pre-agricultural level of technology, low level of literacy, economic backwardness and a declining or stagnant population. See, if the SD populations meets these criteria, then they are termed as particularly vulnerable tribal groups. Currently, there are 75 particularly vulnerable tribal groups spread over 18 states and in one union territory, that is Andaman and Nicobar. The highest number of PVTGs reside in Odisha. The main purpose of identifying the PVTGs is to provide integrated socio-economic development to the most underprivileged section of scheduled tribes in a coordinated and planned manner. This is all about the PVTGs. Now, coming to the PM Janman scheme, the PM Janman scheme was announced in the budget speech of 2023-24. But very recently, that is in November only, the scheme got the uproar from the central government. The main aim of the scheme is to improve the socio-economic conditions of the PVTGs. This will be done by supporting PVTGs to integrate to the mainstream services and opportunities. Now, talking about the features of the PM Janman scheme, under the scheme level, crucial interventions will be provided to the PVTG people. It includes permanent housing, road connectivity, piped water supply, mobile medical units, hostel construction, Anganwadi facilities, skill development centers, electricity connections, solar street lighting, Bandhan Vikas Keindra and mobile towers. As the scheme focuses on various sectors, nearly nine key ministries that are responsible for health, livelihoods, tribal affairs, telecom, etc., are involved in the implementation of the PM Janman scheme. This is the first feature. Secondly, the scheme will have a total budget outlay of Rs 24,104 crore. And it is a centrally sponsored scheme. So, the sharing of funds by the center and the states are in the ratio of Rs 64 to 36 crore. Okay, this is the second important feature. And finally, the initiative covers all the 75 PVTGs spread across 22,544 villages in two 20 districts of India. Okay, this is all about the important features of the PM Janman scheme. Now, finally, let us see the challenges in implementing the PM Janman scheme. The lack of an accurate and current dataset of the PVTG populations is one of the big challenges in implementing the scheme. Currently, we have the population data based on the 2011 census. In 2011 census also, the government was unable to tablet the population of PVTGs in Maharashtra, Manipur and Rajasthan. In addition to this, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs is yet to compile an accurate and current dataset of the PVTG population. So, the lack of accurate data about PVTG population is posing a serious threat for the implementation of PM Janman scheme. Okay, and that's all regarding this discussion. This discussion is about PM Janman scheme, its features and the challenges in implementing the PM Janman scheme. Now, with these points in mind, let us move on to the next part of the video that is to discuss preliminary practice questions. As friends, today we are having four questions. I will solve three of them and one will be a quiz question for you. Look at the first question. This question is regarding PM Ishwakarma Yojana. Here, three statements are given. We have to find how many of the statements are correct. Look at the first statement. It is a central sector scheme. See, this statement is correct. As we saw in the discussion, PM Ishwakarma Yojana is fully funded by the central government. So, it is a central sector scheme. Now, come to the second statement. The nodal ministry for the implementation is the Ministry of Skill Development. See, this statement is incorrect. As we saw in the discussion, the nodal ministry for monitoring the scheme is Ministry of MSME. And it will be jointly implemented by Ministry of MSME, Ministry of Skill Development and Ministry of Finance. So, the scheme is not solely implemented by the Ministry of Skill Development. So, second statement is incorrect. Now, come to the third statement. The scheme solely focuses on skill development without any credit facility. See, this statement is also incorrect. Under the PM Ishwakarma Yojana, the artisans and craftspeople are provided with a credit support of up to 2 lakh along with skill development. Here only four statement is correct. So, the cut answer for the question is option A, only one. Moving on, let's take up the second question. See, this question was asked in UPC 2019 problems. Here, four statements are given. We have to find which of the statements are correct. Look at the fourth statement. Some species of turtles are herbivores. See, this statement is correct. As we saw in the discussion, green seed turtles eat sea grasses and algae and they are herbivores. So, fourth statement is correct. Now, come to the second statement. Some species of fish are herbivores. This statement is also correct. Some fish species consumes the algae from sea beds. So, some fish species are herbivores. Now, come to the third statement. Some species of marine mammals are herbivores. See, this statement is also correct. Sea cows, which are large mammals that live in shallow coastal areas, they feed on sea vegetation. So, they are herbivores. Now, come to the fourth statement. Some species of snakes are viviparis. Here, the term viviparis represents the animals that produce live babies from their bodies rather than laying eggs. Some snakes are viviparis. They develop their young ones through a placenta. So, fourth statement is also correct. Here, all the given statements are correct. So, the contents of the question is option D, 1, 2, 3, and 4. Moving on, let's take up the final question. Here, three statements are given. We have to find how many of the statements are correct. Look at the first statement. The term PVTG was first used by the Debar Commission in 1960. See, this statement is correct. The term, particularly vulnerable tribal groups, was first used by the Debar Commission in 1960. See, this committee was set up to study the scheduled tribes across the country. Here, fourth statement is correct. Now, come to the second statement. A stagnant or declining population is one of the criteria for determining PVTG status. See, this statement is correct. It is one of the criteria in determining PVTG status. Now, come to the third statement. Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Mahabhiyan, that is PM Janman, into a centrally sponsored scheme. See, this statement is correct. This particular scheme is implemented as a centrally sponsored scheme with the share of funds from both the center and states. Here, all the three statements are correct. So, the current answer for the question is option C, all three. Displayed here is a quiz question for you today. I will post this question in a community section, try to answer it. And displayed here is the main question for your practice. Go through the question, write your answer and post it in the comment section. With this, we have come to the end of the video. If you found our video to be useful, do like, comment and share it with your friends. And don't forget to subscribe Shankaray's Academy YouTube channel. Thank you for listening.