 to our 2011 cool chemistry show. Are you ready for some exciting science? We're going to start off with an experiment and then I'll go into a little bit more description of what we're going to do this evening. So first off we have crystal and Logan with methane bubbles. An inner tube, normally inner tubes you would fill with air. If you're going to be floating down, lights down please. Fill this with natural gas. These are safety tubes so it's even more difficult to get the air out than it is to get the air in. But what they are doing is bubbling that natural gas through a solution of soap water. So it burns very cleanly and very quickly. So Logan is dipping his hand in water first to protect his hand. But the bubbles of methane gas burn so quickly that his hand is not singed in any way. We won't bother showing that and yet say that you are not harmed in any way. If you don't get your hand wet enough, you can singe the air off your hands. I have learned that once or twice in my life. Travis, one more time. What's interesting and why we have these inner tubes filled with natural gas. We have no natural gas source within this room. We do have it upstairs in our chemistry lab. So what we did was we simply attached a tube to our natural gas lines and filled the inner tubes. And this allows us to do the experiment. You should see Dr. Karadrupe once the show is finished. Once I make my final announcements, you will exit the stage, the theater and go that direction out of the building. If you follow the balloons and signs and go up to the second floor of our wonderful science building, everyone who wants to can make slime so you will have something to take home. So everyone will get to do something tonight. Now, for the rest of our show, we will be having some participants from the audience. And in order to do this fairly, to participate should have gone a ticket. And what I'll be doing is for various experiments, calling the numbers on that ticket. And if you have that ticket, please come down to the stage and you'll hop us out. Now, one of the first things about science is always be safe. So you'll notice that whenever my students come to the front to do their demonstrations, they always have goggles. I have goggles, even though I'm not going to be doing an experiment for a while. But just for safety purposes, you will get, if you come on stage, a pair of goggles. And we will also have you put on gloves. One or two of the experiments will have you put on different gloves, but just to protect your hands. So, safety always with science. Now, there are so many different experiments that you can do at home. And we'll show you one or two of those. But if you ever do science at home, or at a friend's house or anywhere, make sure safety first. And in most cases, make sure you get your parents permission first, too. That's always a good idea. Okay. So, what we want you to do is just sit back, relax, and have a good time. We love doing this. I've got a great set of students. They're very excited to be here. And we'll have an hour of good fun. So, are you ready for the next experiment? Yeah. So, next we have Steve and Curtis and Mallory, and they're going to be doing chemical sponge. Older kids come up for this one. Just so you know I'm not picking right off the top. So, please come on down here to the next contestant on cool chemistry. And so, what we have are two solutions, and a specially made sponge. Have a acidic or basic solution if you add in it. Which is something if you ask these students, they, they, they, this is all an alcohol. And he's one of these squirtbots. I want you to pay close attention. These materials are sprayed. So, the propane burns with a blue flame. That was strontium nitrate. Pring colors and pyros. So, you'll notice when you, there you go. So, what, what is happening is that the salts that are dissolved, once they are exposed to release energy in a form of different colors. So, boron and copper both give green on a piece of slate and set it on fire. And magnesium is always a tricky one. I'm going to mix these up. Another set of gloves. Dioxide. But gas. It skips liquid all the time. It's a little bit trickier. Substances that does so. So, when you heat it up, by itself, it burns. So, we shouldn't get some random surprises later on in the show. Hopefully. But, if you hear a burst later in the show, it's because, eventually, this, these balloons burst. This is some of the fun stuff you get to play with, if you become a chemist. So, I encourage you all to become chemists. I know not all of you will. If you have some fun with science or chemistry in your lifetime, please do so. So, you can see already that the two balloons have reached just from the dry ice that's in there turning into a gas. And, they're in supervision. My parents live 1,000 miles away. But, there's a little fling in here that makes a spark in order to get the propane to light. But, we can do it by chemistry too. It's not something most people would work with. It's a very strong act that is part of that combustion reaction. Very surprised by what happens. See, I was in the middle of saying something and it just went up. So, asking for manganade provided the spark. And the tissue paper, as you can see, just went up. So, there are some tissues that are coming down like snow. So, it's like being Wisconsin. Before long. Okay. So, it's in a much safer way. So, this is where R, and then you have a nice little flamethrower. That's the pressure inside the tube. And, we're using just a simple bicycle pump and we've attached it to a rubber stopper. We'll try this one more time. So, what happens when you add pressure, originally, and then you release that pressure, there is alcohol inside and then alcohol rises and makes fog. When you add pressure again, the fog disappears. And I think it's something about minus 340 degrees Fahrenheit. So, it's not something you want to dip your hand. When pouring that liquid nitrogen into the walls, it suddenly turns into a gap. It's inside the balloons. Although, it's hard to dip balloons in liquid nitrogen as they float. Dipping something a little bit. At room temperature, in liquid nitrogen, vacuum will become very, very, so it's become so brittle that it'll just crack. Warm, soapy water. When you hear that, if you saw me juggling, because if I handled this right now, it would cause some serious cold birds. Now, cold can burn just like heat can. Hopefully, this isn't cold. Hopefully, this isn't cold. I shouldn't have perhaps demonstrated this first. First experiment they're going to do is a non-burning towel. It's soaking a towel with it. If this was paper, it would burn the mixture that they have. I'm still kind of nervous. I don't see any syringes. Okay. And 70347. On the other side is the vapor. Just for safety. Read out 6 numbers. Alka-Seltzer. Put both halves into the bottles. Now, it takes a minute, but... So if you look closely at each of these bottles, and they're all the same, they're filled with two things. Water at the bottom, and vegetable oil at the top. And so what we've created here are lava lamps. So this is something you can make at home. All you need is an empty 2-liter bottle or any kind of bottle. Vegetable oil and a little bit of water. Lava lamps. So the Alka-Seltzer makes carbon dioxide gas. The gas comes up through the oil, and that's how you get the bubbles like this. So thank you, all of you, for participating. Dr. Donald and things that I unfortunately... That's the basis for this. Oil is non-polar. Hydrogen and oxygen only. It's at the bottom, and it's going to be two different layers. Now, while that's going, I'm going to show you one more. Again, it's relatively the same thing. And if you could lower the lights, it's moving up here, so it's easier to see. The bottom layer. So what I did was I took the felt part, the tip of a highlight, and the highlighter fluid is now soluble in water. So now I can make a glow-in-the-dark lava lamp, rather than just one that's colored. Now, these black lights, they're very inexpensive. This black light itself costs $9.99 at Walmart. And so anytime you have anything that has something like highlighter fluid in it, it's going to glow in the dark. So, again, for about... That's because if you think about this compared to the gloves that we had with the dry ice, these would eventually fill up with gas and burst, and then you have a mess of oil and water anywhere, and that's not something you want your parents to pay up. They will not be very happy about that. So, at least on the side here, is going to be Heather and Paolo, and they're going to do screedy candy, one of my favorites. That's that sugary near stomach, and that gives you energy. What you can do if you think these lava lamps are safe enough that I can actually close them. While I'm closing these up, you can actually reuse these lava lamps over and over and over again, so they last a good long time. You get your money's worth. About 70% sugar are probably going to be thrown away and not safe. Look to see melted sugar. Burnt sugar is... What happens is... Burnt more efficiently. So you'll notice that it's just something you can buy at your local gas station. Yes, it's a fun easy one to do. And yes, the whole size is important. And yes, the whole size is important. So make sure that if you do have... Too small an explode, it's too big, it doesn't... Yeah, you've got like one of the longer ones. Yeah. These students found these experiments on their own. So I get to learn new experiments whenever they find something that I haven't seen before. It takes a little bit, I gotta like... Averages. Adult beverages. But there are a couple of different kinds of alcohol that you don't want to drink. One of them is this methanol drink. It's a poison. Also, rubbing alcohol. It's okay to put on your skin. It disinfects. It kills bacteria if you don't want to drink that either. Because it can be a poison. So, I'll just say that. Don't drink any alcohol. So can we turn the lights on a little bit? Can we have the lights down please? If it's not cold enough, we can just let it cool and then you can do it. Squeeze it. It feels like you're grabbing a solid material. Kind of like silly buddy. To convince your parents to make some of this and do this out in the backyard. One corn starch. And one to two water. One corn. So one corn starch to two water. And you can make some non-nutrient fluid. Then it makes the two of those tickets sourced. They start to melt. Actually see that the clay pot on the bottom. I get to work with these students all year in the lab and in the lecture. This is a great group of students. And two, as far as two and John, who did thermine. This is actually their second year doing this show. So I'm glad to live in combat. I love teaching students. I love science. And hopefully you'll be able to do some of this science in the future. I'll be hopefully here for a while.