 Hey everybody, Dr. O. In this video, we're going to talk about erythroblastallus fetalis, which is an older fancier name for hemolytic disease of the newborn. So we talked about in a previous video about how the RH antibodies are only going to be produced after exposure. So here we see an example of this. On the left-hand side, we have an RH positive baby and an RH negative mother. The only time this would happen, which is why all RH negative mothers receive Rogan, which we'll talk about in the next slide. But during the first pregnancy, nothing should happen because anti-RH antibodies are not going to be produced yet because the baby's blood and the mom's blood have not mixed at any point, at least that's how it normally is. But during delivery, the tearing at the placenta and tearing of some of the blood vessels, now some of the baby's blood is going to get into mom's circulatory system, where mom's cells are going to see the RH antigen and produce anti-RH antibodies. So that's going to be stepped down here on the bottom. First baby should be totally fine. But now we have the second pregnancy. Same RH negative mother, another RH positive baby, but mom's anti-RH antibodies can cross the placenta and they can attack and destroy the RH positive red blood cells of this second baby. So without treatment, we'll talk about Rogan in a second. Stop treatment. Just imagine how many times in history a couple had a perfectly healthy child, but then all their other children either died or had serious problems. This can be really, if it's really mild, it can just lead to some anemia. But oftentimes it leads to severe developmental problems or even deaths. So I know people that have lost children because of this. I know a man that is severely disabled mentally and physically because of hemolytosis of the newborn. He was born prior to Rogan's development in 1968. I had a former student and she told me, I could share this, that for some reason couldn't use Rogan. So it took 10 intrauterine blood transfusions while the baby was still in her womb and five blood transfusions for afterwards. The kid is perfectly healthy, but because of that kind of intervention. So in 1968, let's go ahead and look at what would happen with Rogan. So Rogan was developed that's short for RH immune globulin. So Rogan is usually, so mom's an RH negative. Mom is given usually around weeks 26 to 28 during pregnancy and then right after birth. And what this drug does is if any of the RH positive blood cells do get into mom, the drug will attack and destroy them before mom's immune system will mount to response. So as long as this drug works properly, which it does in almost all cases, mom, the RH negative mother will not develop anti-RH antibodies for subsequent pregnancies. So 13 to 14% of cases used to be that 13 to 14% of pregnancies developed hemolytic disease of the newborn because of this problem. After the advent of Rogan, it's now down to 0.1%. So as you can see, it's an unbelievably effective drug. Countless lives have been saved. So that is hemolytic disease of the newborn and then Rogan, how what we can use to hopefully stop it from happening. I hope this helps. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.