 terrorism in the 21st century this is the topic which is quite alarming for the whole world and specifically it is the area of concern for the students of political ideology because in the 21st century we all are experiencing the issue of terrorism and the issue mainly that is to fight against the unseen enemy. Because after the 9-11 incident, the world faced the biggest difficulty that there was a definition of terrorism on top of which everyone had concerns, whether it was from the human side or from an international forum, there was no such definition available and when the war on terror was talked about, a war was initiated from the American side on which a lot of the world was formed, but this idea was not there that in reality this war is fighting against who. How will you define the terrorist? Who is terrorist? Because what could not be said that anyone who is not fit in the context given by America is a terrorist because there are many such areas in the world where people are struggling for their rights, for their freedom, then how will they be fit in? Because in some place the terrorist can be in some other place for those people who are forced to struggle. So in this situation, the topic of terrorism in the 21st century, which is the issue, this is very important for the students of political sociology so that they can understand the nature of this issue. Because the word terrorism used for French, the Jacobian government's reign of terror. Now here we see that a lot of countries used the term terrorism. The U.S. had the effort to define the term terrorism in its context. After which, in the whole world, in different universities, there was a lot of study to define terrorism. But initially terrorism was divided into three types, including state terrorism, state sponsored terrorism and sub-state terrorism. Now when we say that terrorism can be divided into domestic terrorism and international terrorism, when all the parties will be involved against terrorism and their goal will be that they are fighting against one another, then obviously the nature of this terrorism will be different. But if the government, especially in its own country, is fighting against some anti-state elements, anti-society elements, then the face of terrorism will be different. But if the state wants to destroy the voices of those people through the regime, whose genuine right to demand for their rights and on the basis of the genuine perception, like in Kashmir, like in Palestine and in some other parts of the world as well, where people have been fighting for their freedom for a very long time, where people have been fighting for their freedom for a very long time, between them and terrorism, creating a distinction, creating a line, this is basically whose job this is, this is political sociologist's job and this is the need of educated people to convince the common people and the world. Because in state terrorism, it occurs when wealth is sufficiently unequal, the state may resort to torture the equal, those who demand change. Now the state will try, that whatever people are trying to do is to raise a voice against the state in some way, to suppress that voice. But there are some important factors that are important, that there are political issues and economic issues. If political issues are genuine and economic issues are genuine, then definitely the meaning of state terrorism will be that they should take actions against their own people to suppress their voices. But state terrorism is a dangerous situation where people have been fighting for their rights and they are forced to control their areas of power. The same is true of state-sponsored terrorism, when the states support terrorist groups for the promotion of their interests and political goals. State-sponsored terrorism is a phenomenon in modern times, like the U.S. talks about it, Iran talks about it in Cuba, Sudan or Syria talks about it. The same is true of state terrorism, there is a lot of debate about it. The causes of terrorism in the 21st century are not one cause, but a variety of causes. There are micro-dynamics in some places, there are micro-dynamics in some places. There are a lot of factors that are promoting terrorism in the world. There are some terrorist organizations that make people emotionally blackmail in the name of some religious and social issues. So this is a complex phenomenon to understand in-depth analysis and it requires a lot of clarity, especially for the students of political sociology.