 P-E-R-E-U-R The Anti-ism, Per-Durantism or Per-Durance Theory is a philosophical theory of persistence and identity. The Per-Durantist view is that an individual has distinct temporal parts throughout its existence. Per-Durantism is usually presented as the antipode to Endurantism, the view that an individual is wholly present that every moment of its existence. The use of Endur and Per-Dur to distinguish two ways in which an object can be thought to persist can be traced to David Kerr-Logluis 1986. However, contemporary debate has demonstrated the difficulties in defining Per-Durantism and also Endurantism. For instance, the work of Ted Seider 2001 has suggested that even Enduring objects can have temporal parts, and it is more accurate to define Per-Durantism as being the claim that objects have a temporal part that have instant that they exist. Currently there is no universal the acknowledged definition of Per-Durantism see also McKinnon 2002 and Merricks 1999. Others argue that this problem is avoided by creating time as a continuous function, rather than a discrete one. Per-Durantism is also referred to as for dimensionalism by Ted Seider, in particular but Per-Durantism also applies if one believes there are temporal but non-spatial abstract entities like the material souls or universals of the sword accepted by David Mallett Armstrong.