 move forward into the next block, which is our international perspective on wisdom management and urban metabolism. The theme of the seminar is wisdom management. The reason we choose this theme is because wisdom management is more and more attention in China. And international as well, if you haven't heard about the wisdom separation that's happening in Shanghai. And also China is not accepting the wisdom from the other countries. So those are bringing a lot of changes. So first we want to talk about the human border, our international experience on wisdom management. In this block we have two speakers. First I want to introduce Mary Akali Fuus, who is a Brazilian but now based in Germany. I learned that during the exercise we just had. So she's a chemist and energy and material flow assessment specialist. She has involved in many different projects including water and whistle water treatment and wisdom to power generation in Brazil. Since 2012, she has been a scientist as a staff of the research field energy resource technology systems of the Institute of Technology Assessment and the system analysis of KIT, okay. Welcome. It's okay because I'm the one that I look like to use so much microphones. So I'll try to speak louder. If I get five, please just end. Secondly, I just say thank you very much for all the invitation. It was great just to get in touch with me and invite me to be here to kind of present our study case. And secondly, I just say okay, we are working with Waste Management in Brazil. We are talking about how we can move, how we can tell them about sustainability and how we can also discuss with industry regulatory department. So this is such a huge approach where we are in Europe quite familiar, but when I'm coming back to Brazil, it's like playing different piece of the puzzles. So this is a kind of a challenge where we are just coming back and tell them okay, we need to take parts of this puzzle, bring it up together. If you want to work forward, we got single development, we got a single outcome. So this is the approach where that's what we are working since private use, let's say. It's also part of my PhDs, and then let's come in and tell what we are doing here. How close that we are talking with different technologies. First of all, I was surprised when I kind of, this was really a little bit about over the table, is that what's that called. This has something regarding what I'm doing. So I was really like, hey, interesting, how to come with a filter, I'm not like, this is a city metabolism. So let's go back. First I will give what I'm presenting today and add up in product, how we are doing. A second, below-resort, why below-resort, why it's below-resort, for example. And then the third, let's say, what we are building up, a concept of system ability to gather together. Let's just give some tips, how is our fund, and finds what we are achieving with the policy makers, what we are achieving with the policy makers, just a little bit showing up some results and some conclusions that we are taking out. How I start to say, strict economy is a new strategy that's already not in the room. So they are looking for industry development, they are looking for national development. National development. And then when we are coming back to energy coming from the country like Brazil, it's like a concept that is familiar for industries, because for them they are all the time looking for, okay, we need to achieve a simple economic strategy because we also want to achieve an international market. So for the industries, they say, okay, we really need to focus because we want to get an international market. So we're going to sell a product internationally, so we need to follow that. But, and then on the other side, it's okay for the packaging industries, they say you need to fill, but when we come back, they say, how is our waste management here? And then they are saying, we are still on the end of the pipe, just meaning like, we have our disposal is based on that here. And how it can just bring it back and tell, okay, we have also provided a strict economy. So this is a kind of how I start to say, is to play puzzles, but how to build it. So then in this section, I need to say, okay, how is it for our idea that we are talking? We're first of all to say, okay, how we can talk about how we can talk about the concept of sustainability. Because at our institute, we are based in Germany, they have a concept of sustainability that is trying to say how we can spread it, how we can also talk about different questions regarding sustainability, where we are applying, say how we can apply sustainability. So, and then also how I can include society because when I come into Brazil, I don't talk worldwide, I just say about Brazil, this example we cannot think of, this is called worldwide. We have white speakers. So people that are on the streets just picking the ways for their own supply. And in Brazil, we have since 2010 a policy that municipalities must include white speakers in their white supply. So since 2010, they need to look for how to improve the society. Because like white speakers is the society. So society is trying to, they are not in the grip of the idea. They are trying to pick in the ways, send the ways and provide a kind of informal sustainability problem, let's say. And now the approach of many researches, how to make this feasible. And say like, are we really providing security? And how this can be done? So the approach now, let's try to say, how we can properly understand waste flows, how we can properly understand recycling, and how we can understand principles sustainability in our energy economy companies, taking that example after a lot of research. But what is a lot of research? But a lot of research is located in southeast of Brazil. In the states of Minas Gerais, it's considered the fourth important city of Brazil, and one of the most important in Latin America, because it's a business city. It's also considered one of the important cities on the mine sector, because they have steel, they have iron, even the cast gold. So it's one of the most important cities regarding mining in Brazil. This one comes from the name of Minas Gerais, this means of a state of mining. So that one is not the cap of the state. So they say, how do you do this? Nothing. So it's just 331, you don't ask, but it is. The city at all, this is just what I thought about in New Beijing, 2.4 million captains, but it's part of metropolitan region which comes across to 5 million captains. So the population growth nowadays is not that high, almost half it, so it's growing around 0.61%. But on another side, we say, okay, the city has a high social inequality. And also high social inequality is the best. On the solid waste management, we have, I just took this example, but we have searched how this has grown according to the years, 0.784 kilogram per capital. A collection coverage is 96%, but recycling comes just to 2%. So 100 waste comes to 98%. So how I start to say, this city has a really high social inequality. Where I just put some sentence of a quality data we are searching together. Belo Horizonte has 487 districts. Just in comparison, this city that I've indexed, at the same city, you find 0.62, which is like a virtue of India. And the other side is 0.95, which is not a virtue of Finland. So when you are just in this critique, you just look on the side, you see lectures, really high lectures house, and you look on the other side, you see poverty. Really high poverty. So it's really, when it's, are there any rules to say, oh, I'm too worried. So on one side you see like, a house that is standing there with like 1,000 is quite a meter, and the other side you see, 30,000 is the same area. And then you look at the same clock. How this covers it? And how can you work with it? And then on the other side, we have, but it's also known worldwide as a social integrated model. Because how I start to say, they have one speaker, and since 1990s, they are fighting to be recognized. To tell to the whole society, hey, we are here, we need the help of the society to meet our survival. So they are known, how I said, since 1990s, they are fighting, then since 2010, they start to be recognized as a national thing, also part of several studies that's looking about. And then how this is coming up? They start with a group of people with the support of the church to tell them, just say, okay, you might provide a word, but if you do this together, we get more profitable. It's more profitable for everybody. So then they start to organize by themselves and meet some groups and also talk with the ceiling and tell to the ceiling, hey, we can support you. But the problem, because the city's not trusted them, because they come with really low level of income, they are not having their awareness that all the kind of posts are waiting for them. And then this comes up, a break and say like, okay, that is not trust, but now since 2010, we have the most important because now it's a national policy. But nowadays, how they are placed? But on the social I say, they have, today, eight wave speakers, they are thieves. But now in our study, we got to qualify them to say, okay, how many we are? So this is part of my work that is on the app. And also, they are also not more organized in cooperatives, but network, so which means that they are also trying to cooperate outside of the results in a sense that now they have a network that the nation recognize as like, this is a work that has been done. They also support it. But how much come to the research case of this was showing up? This is a research that's applied to science is more a problem, so we're looking where we are looking for resource management combined with social science because we need to understand how this is working as a society. And the outcome of this is, our outcome is guidance, provide awareness, and our competence is also communication skills because like, since we are talking with from voice speakers to policy, this is a different level of skills that we need all the time, try to understand it first of all. And provide awareness and put speed and which kind of tools we are modeling software is we are, I'm sure, later on. Yes, let's see. Now the search, we start with the concept of sustainable beauty. It's called Interactive Concept of Sustainable iPods, which is placed, this concept was started in our institution since 2001, and now, I was the first one to apply internationally because this concept was just journal based. And then since then, we start first to understand how we can adapt, how we can understand, and we show you later on. And after, we show the tool that we are working material analysis because it's the one that we quantify and we show that, okay, this is happening. This also showing, also like who are the era, which kind of technique is there for what it's not, and how we can play the scenario is also to tell them what can come after. This is the approach that we are looking for material analysis. And also we are working with social agency analysis, structure agent analysis, which means that we are also looking for the agents stakeholders and what are the approach and how we can come together with that. And everything we come as an interpretation at the end. And now I show this step by step. First, we start with the material analysis, just as an example, if you have more questions later on, you can just come to my side and not go so much into detail or that now. We start to quantify what is there, who is there, and which kind of techniques are there, which I also consider like the way speakers operatives play as part of the technology. So I need to know by looking how many are there, what is coming in, what's coming out. And also considering also the construction site. And we also have input of tables to know what is coming in from outside. And then we say, okay, how we can look for coming back to the circular approach. So and then we are basis of the product, which means that we are looking which kind of products are there, because the way speakers, they are the one that will provide product place for like a game, we are separate products, it's not just plastic at all, we are separate products. We are separate quality and we are separated. I had the keys of everything. So they are really based, we are such detail, because they are looking for where the components that we can incorporate. So and then what we are doing, we are also working with the software standard, bring us this approach with Showa, how is it, and also look for the uncertainties. In a sense that we are also working on research, we also want to publish, of course. And now let's look for the agents analysis, structure agent analysis, which I start to say, okay, who are they are? Because it's also like everybody's working, but no one's, how I say, communicating with each other. This is the main challenge. There is a communication of local tolerages in the private sector, because the private sector is providing the service of transportation or provide assistance. Take all, like how it's shown before, 96% is collect. This is a really great number for Brazil. So they are communicating with the private sector, but the private sector, in this case, where they are holding the service, they also communicate with the waste cooperatives, which means that they take the waste from the city and deliver to the waste cooperatives. The waste cooperatives are also provided door-to-door collection. So this is also not a communication. They have to work, that also provide communication with the citizens. Because, how I said, they are in door-to-door, they're just not door-to-door, and say, like, please, can you just provide this specific material? They also teach you. This is another perspective that they have to teach you, the society, how to separate. Because they say, hey, you should separate this, I get the money, I get the value, because I need to pay them all the time, tell their histories. But in another way, who are supporting also these waste cooperatives? First, we have the NGOs. They are the ones that support a lot, the waste figures. They also provide awareness and also provide their conditions to tell them, okay, now we need new sheds, so new work places, now we need this machinery. Because they start really from the, how I can tell you, basic separation, the state in which they have to. And nowadays, most part of the NGOs, they also tell them, okay, if you have a bill, in the beginning it was really hard to find the names. Oh, sorry. I'm sorry. That's it. So, I will run out, sorry. And then they also providing, together with public agencies, which support the waste power funds, and also they have some other donor agencies. So just some pictures that you can show, who are those people on the streets? We start with those that are the cooperatives. They have their transport systems. We also have the others who are on the streets, for which they are not on the cooperatives. So they are leaving on the streets. They also looking for, okay, how like, this is also not the approach that we need to talk with them why they are not the cooperatives. What's their reason? So this is part of our research. And we come to the consequences and ability just to tell, okay, first, what is this concept? We start with the capability approach to tell them like, okay, what is acting here? It's something that can be also part of sustainability, which should not just start from zero in this plan. Just look what we are doing and understand first. And this was also done there together with very far different stakeholders. We also made workshop with them to understand this approach, what we are doing. And then we just came, okay. So first, what the concept provide for us, we should think about to improve the quality of life, because it's one of the most aspect of this concept, to think about, we should be a society, we should improve the quality of life, we are living there. We should also prove the capacity of them to take active life. And also to look for the present and future generation as the ecosystem really stands for. And also to look for what they are doing has also global recognition, which means like, wait, this is a global problem, as everyone knows. So then we start to compare action versus part of life and versus further development. And this was a workshop that we did that we asked them, asked the study for people like these dogs to come bring them together. What is to sustain? Why should we sustain it? And who is this one? This was a three-in-five that we came and discussed work with them in order to sense to improve and build up our own perception of sustainability, based on what they think is right for us. And based on that, we just bring up the constitutive elements of sustainability with the base of this concept. First, we should secure the human life, we should bring our set actions, more things like acting, and also present the culture. Because we cannot just come without knowledge, because for the place, we are really afraid just to say, okay, let's just bring ways to power and then we say, what is this, Tyler? They are really afraid to just say, come with a consideration and they won't have more power or to take the ways and provide recital. So this was a concept that we are working with them. And just, if you have more passion, please just come to me. This is very welcome because of our minutes. And we brought with us a kind of diet plan based on three goals, the secure human life systems, maintaining the action of the society, and also provide the protection of the culture, and with a global nutrition. And this one also has 15 different roles that we discussed, each role with them. And we did also some criteria, which is based, okay, this first criteria is based on the white speaker, second criteria is based on recycling and then so we build up different goals and we have 18 different indicators. So we made a diagram, this diagram is a semi-contractive diagram where we are able to ask all the time, the second, what is the situation? And they just give us the distance to target, okay, we achieve this, percent achieve that, and at the end we can quantify it and tell them the information. It's a kind of simple tool, but I see that it's hard to understand. We understand with the policy, we understand also the white speakers when you talk different ones with them, they say, okay, so now I understand what I'm saying. And then just kind of, obviously, what we come to from the material flow analysis, we just base, okay, from product base, aluminum cans, and also non-ferrous composition products, polyethylene bottles, they are cardboard, they are some of the commodities that achieve the closed loop recycling, which means like, from the consumption, we turn to the industry, the product with the white speakers are doing their just taking. Why? Because the industry is also motivating and have some sort of cooperation with them and tell them, okay, this is this material we want. And then they also provide the market is also higher for the products. So this is the main life on the street, for products, it's really returning. We have a closed loop. But on the other side, waste, since any as we are moving from any approach has increased a lot. So like 65%, if you just compare them briefly, and also we can just come to say, okay, who are really doing this, how I said before, is this waste because they are providing the service that's not on the approach. From the agency, agent structure analysis, we just come up with some, just some challenges that we identified versus the culture value, but why is it culture value? They started with social waste speakers approach, they start to integrate with each other, they have a community. But the problem is they ask a lot from waste speakers that we do not want to be integrated, because they say that if I'm free, I don't need to speak like that kind of stuff. They are afraid to share their work with the others, and this is not a part of the project. So this is also an approach that we identified as a challenge for all those that are on the streets, that they say that we really do not want. And also from the market mechanism is, this is also a challenge again, because you have just these four products, high-part of them, and all the others start. So another way to say from the legislation approach, we also identified that like, from the Brazilian legislation, just these four products are allowed to go back to this cycle, all the others aren't. Because of population, because of many reasons. So from the legislation, it's also a challenge, because if we want to achieve international market, the legislation stands for primary resource. And from the system, the big assessment based on this diagram, if you have no questions, you can show it later on. We made that kind of research, and also interviewed with them, they achieved from all these roles and features, just 30% according to our definition of sustainability. And one of the advantages that we identified that like when the idea of birth gives a child label, it's a boy. This is really another, but it's a role of them. So coming to the end, some conclusion remark, when we are talking about these three aspects, we have guaranteed, how I start to say, child label, no child label, just leave it. Okay, fairly co-continent. And because it states that when they are in cooperatives, they are also sure that they get at least a minimum salary. And you have other community efforts to keep there. Also, the advantage of such idea of cooperatives is that it's causing such a great super-economy and it's a direct different state for the decision makers. And with this idea of this diagram, when we are coming back, when I come back to Brazil, try to talk with them and see that they start to understand, because we start to talk with the language of them. And if we want to look for cultural adaptments, constitute all the energy countries, first of all, we should recognize what is the problem. This was one of the advantages that I tried to find in Brazil, which was already recognized and came to the policy. Again, since this was a policy, they say, okay, we have identified ways to solve it, and let's go forward.