 Good morning. So it's a lot of fun to hear from these new users, like Erlicken and SBAB. But it's also important that we talk to some of the veteran OpenStack users who have been doing this for a few years. They can tell us about how they've been growing and also some of the challenges they've faced and what they've learned. So we're really fortunate to have Tillman here today. Thank you. To tell us a little bit about their journey at Volkswagen. So maybe you can tell us a little about your role and on the project. Yeah, thanks. First, thanks to have me here besides this cozy fireplace. Yeah, I've been with Volkswagen for quite some time. And I was eager to get into new technologies. Overall, I was responsible for implementing and operating the whole OpenStack cloud of Volkswagen. We started off two and a half years ago. So responsibilities are operations, stability, functionality, these kind of stuff, security. Yeah, so when I asked you about some of the drivers, you are some of the reasons why you got started with OpenStack, you mentioned a little bit about the automotive industry. Can you tell me what's changed over the last couple of years? So our automotive industry is changing a lot. It might not be as fast changing as banking, but we see a move from only merely producing cars to producing cars and offering services on top of it. Mostly mobility services like traffic predictions and stuff, but others as well. So this is a broader context. And we are a very, very cost-sensitive business. This is crucial to us. Great. So what specifically, you mentioned costs for some of those business drivers that started you down this path. So yeah, we choose OpenStack because it seemed natural to be in control of the infrastructure which will be supporting all these kind of new business models. We see a huge cost benefit on this. And at the time we started, there was still lots of uncertainty about the GDP arm. Yeah. So this was an argument at that time, too. Yeah. Well, can you tell me a little bit about what you've done since then? What's the scale of the cloud that you're running? So we have a couple of 100 projects, lots of customers internally which use the cloud, which I actually very happy to use this. We serve the whole Volkswagen group to say this out loud. It's not only Volkswagen. It's Audi, it's Goddard, it's MAN. So we have 12 brands in total, very different ones from heavy trucks to small cars. Can you tell me about some of the applications or some of the actual projects that you've done on the OpenStack cloud? Yeah, certainly I can. We do have the Volkswagen sales website, so Volkswagen DE on site, the OpenStack cloud, at least in times. You can order a car there. I obviously invite you to do so. You will support OpenStack a lot by this. Yeah, are you hitting on discounts here? Because I'm in the market for a new car, actually. Yeah, we'll see. There is an application which is quite interesting. I talked about services, online services for customers, where you can actually use your mobile phone to enroll to these services inside the car. Before, you had to go to your laptop and stuff. Now you get your mobile. You get a QR code on the navigational gear. We call it In-Car Enrollment. I need navigation too. Sounds good. So tell us a little about the results. It sounds like you're running some really cool applications on there. You have the developers working. What have you achieved through the last couple of years? So first of all, I'm quite proud of what the team achieved. We did an awesome job, I think, or they did an awesome job. We provide infrastructure that actually works, at least most of the time. A lot of people approach me and say, OK, it's one of the easiest IT solutions I had to use in Volkswagen Group for quite some time. What I'm particularly proud of, and we had a lot of help with this, is that the cloud itself is provided as infrastructure, as code. So it's not that we go there and install a node manually. It is everything done automatically, including network, including self. Everything is then automatic. And this helps us a lot, speeding up the process of rolling out. And we are considerably cheaper than public cloud. So over three years, you have to have had some challenges. Can you share a little bit about that with us and what you've learned in the process? Yeah, sure, I can. So the biggest constraint is the talent to manage the infrastructure and infrastructures on top. It is quite a scarce talent to get. We are struggling to find people who can do this. On the technical side, I think it's upgrades. They posed the biggest challenge. We have two clouds which are on Newton already, and one which is on Mitaka. We are actually upgrading this by splitting it in half and upgrading one half and then moving workloads from one to another, which is quite tedious. So I think the real challenge is to do it in place with our major disruption of workloads. We haven't done this so far. We have to align all these before. But we are quite confident that we will manage this soon. Well, everyone says after Newton, you're on the right track. So we'll have to catch up with you in a few months. All keep fingers crossed. So are you working with anyone in this process? Yeah, we do have partners. Obviously, we do deploy Mirantis OpenStack and all their deployment frameworks and stuff. It's called a Mirantis OpenStack platform. We use URI as a hardware provider, both for networking and for servers, storage, and stuff. OK. Do you have any other technology choices that you've made within the stack? Yes. So apart from what everybody is using over and stuff glance, we started off with OVS, which worked quite good and changed to OpenContrail in this case while moving there because we strongly see that our customers need cloud federation on, let's say, a tenant level. This faced us some challenges regarding stability. And I now think, as most of you might as well, that networking problems are the hardest to troubleshoot in OpenStack. It was really giving us headaches. We think we are good now. We are using Seth for storage. OK. So what are the next steps? What are you going to be working on in the coming year or two? So one context is what people regard as infrastructure. They see that it's not only compute and networking and stuff. It's Kubernetes databases, whatever. It's all infrastructure. And we see that we have challenges to provide some of these services with good quality. So we are struggling there. We will look at IoT, in particular, IoT for production because we see that it's not something which can be done in public cloud for latency reasons, mostly. Well, IoT and Edge will definitely be a popular topic here this week. So I think you can dig into it. And speaking of that, I asked you yesterday, just what are the sessions you want to see this week or what are the really important topics you want to talk to people about? So I thought it'd be interesting for you to share those as well. So yeah, I'm interested in hybrid cloud. We definitely do hybrid. We don't only do public or private. How people actually back up data in OpenStack? How do they do this? And I would like to know how people provide services in particular databases with applications over different clouds. This would be something which I'd like to hear about. So I also heard that Tillman is hiring for his team if he didn't hear the talent constraints earlier. So if you're looking this week, then definitely come find him. I'd be sending a couple of people your way. Or if you're interested in these topics, we really appreciate you coming to share your story today. And I know that you'll be here at the summit this week and looking to meet people and get involved in the community. So thank you. Yeah, thanks again.