 Review of self-assembly processes reexamines recent progress in materials nano-architectonics. Novel concept involves combination of nanotechnology methodology with various research disciplines, especially supramolecular chemistry. Examples include molecular machines, molecular receptors, molecular pliers, molecular rotors, nanosheets, nanowires, nanocubes, nanodisks, nanaring, block copolymers, hyperbranched polymers, and liquid crystals. This article was authored by Kotsuhiko Aragah, Michihion Ishikawa, Taiso Mori, and others.