 Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening, everyone. Where are you from? And welcome everyone to this year's CBA 16, the community based adaptation conference focusing on local solutions inspiring global action. My name is Cecila Pundit and currently I am a PhD student at University of Kent in UK on climate adaptation policies, focusing on challenges and barrier of implementation of it, especially on Nepal, India and Bhutan. I started my career as young climate activists, then a development practitioners working on climate adaptation disaster management, building resilience and empowering women and girls for more than a decade now. I'm so happy to be with you all today as your host for this opening plenary and we want to make it a little different and as per our motto of making it a practitioners best event, more participatory and interactive, and we hope to get your support as always in this regard. Towards the end of the session we will need a pen and a marker and a piece of paper so please arrange it in the meantime and we will reveal it at the end. So be prepared not only to listen to the wonderful speakers we have today, but also speak up and share your thoughts, challenges and ideas to this community of practitioners. CBA this year will be focusing on putting locally lead adaptation into practice. So we expect a lot of interaction, challenging the principles, asking difficult questions and having a rich conversation and to share, learn and understand the practical challenges, the opportunities underlying and the difficulties while implementing this LLA principle. Talking about LLA the locally lead adaptation, it has been grown out of the concept of community based adaptation. As you know this is the 16th year of community based adaptation conference happening annually, which has led to the concept of locally lead adaptation. It initially started from the civil society sector, working with the most vulnerable people and community, which are the first hit by climate change, the frontline of the affected nations and community. In the last couple of years, we have a major development and adaptation sector, which is called the global commission on adaptation, which was a two year process that developed eight different accent tracks, and one of them was the locally lead adaptation, which has led to the development of the principles of locally lead adaptation. And we had a build a community of practice and get more and more organizations, donors, government to sign and endorse these principles, and the number is growing. It's more than 125 currently, and the endorsers commit to integrating the principles and joining CBA, the Govashina and the COF to enhance and promote locally lead adaptation. And now it's time to move from adopting these principles to principles to practicing this principle. So there are eight principles for locally lead adaptation, which you can see on the screen. We have two sessions last year in CDF 15 focusing on these eight principles. So if you want to refresh on these principles, I request you to follow the CDF 15 session recording available on YouTube. The most exciting and of course challenging principle, I think is the number two, the structural inequalities are already existing in the communities and institutions where we are working and the changing climate is making it even worse. The differential effect of climate change and the adaptation capacity of these vulnerable groups are sometimes considered as a token or a tick box activity. The underlying cause of vulnerability are not dig down and analyzed thus creating more power imbalance and people feeling voiceless. The other challenge in these groups is the confidence, which is always lower that the local knowledge and innovation they have and the power to take action they have is not realized by themselves, which make them feel less powerful. So this principle is especially very challenging as these underlying constraints and barriers and building confidence on inclusive locally lead adaptation. The another strike principle for me is number five as well as we are promoting locally lead adaptation, translating the climate information and data to local level could be challenging. In the last year while working on an anticipatory based action or response in flood in Nepal, we realized that the best thing we were working had not enough data points the meteorological and hydrological stations. So we need to rely on more regional models, which was not effective for the local level, also translating that information to local government was the another challenge. We do a lot of work on practically make these principles work. You may have your favorite principles out of this eight which you can drop on the checkbox as well. So why do we need this principle, the problem we're trying to address the climate finance is not delivering in the way that support adaptation. Yes, the need for adaptation is ever greater. As we see now it's not the future, the climate impacts and the extreme events are happening. It's already happening and not even in poor and underdeveloped countries, but globally as well. So it's not. It's no more a global south issue global problem, but there is an opportunity to learn from the community and the countries in global south and scale it up, which is reflected through this locally lead adaptation principle. We need to ensure that the funders and the implementation implementers are actively seeking to integrate and champion this in a way that they have not done with the programs in the past. The other critical issue is mal-adaptation the mal-adaptation happens with the principle are not taken into account. We are at the risk of making things worse. The major challenge in this is not enough consultation with local communities and understanding the local context. We have already seen that top down decision making does not help or even make things worse. So we have to learn from these and we will as well while we are implementing these principles. This is the time right now to move from the principle into practice. This is because the principles based on evidence and consultation force us to do things in a way that we have not done for a long time. It forces us to change our approach and move away from being comfortable to address the inequality partnerships funding planning and collaboration. But putting principles in practice is difficult. There is no standard one size fit all and it's not export lead top down approach which has been proven does not work. So we don't have a formula. So we don't. So we need to work together with the local authority and the local community and design it accordingly, which could be challenging for scaling up. So the reasons that incorporate the principle will deeper and also the structural challenges undermine meaningful change. So we have this community of practitioners to share and listen to be is the voice of the local actors, which is based on experience discussion and bring together the people who are doing things on the ground. And the platform to bring voices of most vulnerable to inform this isn't making at multiple level, and the way we have a structure over it for next, next few years or decade is for is to have the three events in a year. The first part of the year is the annual conference called gobashana, which is a Bangla word for research to know what is research telling us about what we are learning on adaptation. During the second half, the middle of the year, we will have the annual CD a conference. This will bring practitioners who are working on ground mostly the annual local government and have their voice. And the third event is the big conference the conference of parties cop held under the UN Framework Convention towards the last towards the last or end of the year, which was last year held on UK on Glasgow and this will be this year it will be on is it on November, which is focused on police makers, where the inputs from the, the above two events we inform and advocate to the decision makers and the cop, the voices from the front line actually fits into the global decision making and the cop each year. So, as we have already mentioned about the TV is 16th aim on on part of these three events. The aim for this year CD is to see what works and what does not. So putting the principles into practice. What are the challenges to applying the principles what do we need to know when applying them in different places. This year we also have this objective of building our network and to expand our community of practice to do to those who need to be a part of it. I request everyone to challenge each other, because we already have this principle and this is not something written on a stone, we have to work on it, we have to develop it further, and we have to challenge it. So the challenging is writing, asking the right question and discussing so that we have a lot of fruitful conversation and way out through this two days in the in this TV. As I mentioned already this year CD we want to make it a little interactive and want to share from all of you. So we will have to break out session and two speakers lined up. So we will be going through the first breakout group, which is the ice breaker group, you will be split into 50 breakout groups automatically. And it will take around a few time, our ID team will be handling it. And then we aim is to get to know each other closely because this is a virtual event and normally in the opening center is we don't get time to talk with each other in the network, talk about the LLA principles as well. So, each group will have like few people, and then what to do in the group will be, you will, you will have chance to introduce yourself. I request you to turn on your camera, just to say hello as well. Each group will be seeing 20 pictures broadcasted in the group and take a few moments to see the pictures and select three or two pictures and summarize what are your aspiration for locally lead adaptation principles and see your thought with the group. Also, we, you can see in the CDA platform we have pinball. So if you have like a very good aspiration and you want to share it to the wider group of TV, you can go to the pinboard in the CDA, CDA will pay and then put your aspiration as well over there. So, the 20 pictures will be this which will be broadcasted in your screen on the breakout groups. But for getting an example of what aspiration is, what aspiration you want to be learned for such an example. I want to put to Sam if you want to share some aspiration through this picture as an example to our audience. So just to give you an idea. I look at these, these, these pictures, some of them are more beautiful than others. And I think with LLA that for me, and there is a nice vision in the distance but it feels like it can be quite difficult to get there. And my aspirations is that we that we can travel that distance so this picture in the top right, where you can see the seas in the distance but it looks like we have to get through a cave to get there. That's what I my aspirations is so I think that one. I think the picture below it of the elephant, because it's grand, and it's ambitious, and that picture speaks to me about ambition. And, you know, maybe just to be a little bit corny, there is a nice picture of the sun rising over some some rocks at the top. And it will take us a long time to get there but I do hope that, no, the sun will shine. We can be optimistic about adaptation and what will, what will happen in the future. So that's what speaks to me from these pictures but I suspect that other people might take something very very different and that's great. So, thanks so much Sam. The picture that I like the most will be one, the two boys are playing football, and we also have a global goal on adaptation. So the goal has clicked me on that goal post so we need to have that goal post the goal to be posted on the goal with the young people throughout so that is one of the aspiration that I pick out from this picture. So I request everyone to go to the breakout group. Amy, are we ready with the breakout group. We are I'm opening them right now and it might just take 30 seconds for you to see the notification. So the rooms open. You should all be automatically taken to your breakout rooms. Emma, can I ask you to share the screen to breakouts. Can I just double check with you that sharing to breakouts, as well as plenary. Thank you. It's a couple of people still here in the main room Celia and Abraham. Are you having trouble getting into your breakout rooms. Anyone else waiting in the main room, the breakout rooms are now closing. Hello everyone we are waiting for people to get back from the breakout room just wait for a few seconds or minutes. I hope you have a good interaction decision. I want to discuss about your aspiration on locally led adaptation principle from the pictures, if you want to share this to all of these because we were few on the group. You can put it on the chat box, or you can put it on the pinboard we have on PDA web platform. So we have now, Dr Rosalind West sees the lead advisor on weather and climate change climate science at the UK for Commonwealth and Development Office. The co-chair of the adaptation research alliance, which is the global collaborative effort to increase investment and opportunities for action research to development, develop and inform effective adaptation solutions. Are you with us? Yeah, I'm here. Yeah. So, Amy. They're the slides. Rosalind, the floor is yours. Thank you so much. And it's just fantastic to see so many people here today and I can really tell it's going to be a fantastic conference so thank you so much for inviting me to speak and I'm really sorry because the cat also wants to speak. I hope he'll stay down there. And thank you so much for the introduction. You know, I'm really pleased to be here and represent the UK foreign Commonwealth and Development Office and of course the adaptation research alliance which we call the ARA and just for short. Yeah, on that, if you could show my slides, that would be really great. Thank you. So the adaptation research alliance, as Susheela just said, it's a global coalition that's really committed to action for adaptation research that strengthens resilience in communities that are most vulnerable to climate change. And I know that many of you work very closely in and with those communities. What's unique about this alliance is that its membership reflects the breadth of expertise right across the adaptation community research right through to action. And we have over 150 members in the Alliance now from six continents. Members are researchers, their funders, their policymakers, development bodies and community based organizations. And together that whole alliance works to bring to life a research enterprise that is really action oriented, and which is helping to deliver both real and significant benefits to those that are at risk from climate change impacts. Now, achieving that that change that we really want to see isn't going to happen by doing things the way that they've always been done. We know that we need a paradigm shift in how research is being done. And we also know that locally led action and locally led adaptation is a crucial element of that approach that we need for the whole system transformation. It's really fantastic to see how locally led adaptation has gained momentum. And this is in thanks and in no small parts of partners and programs like IED and like the life AR initiative and all of those organizations that are represented here today and throughout the conference. I really think that the work of all of these organizations is essential to shift the focus from the top down really to that bottom up locally led approach and ensure that adaptation projects are being driven from the local level and by local priorities. Now on the next slide, I just like to talk about how we can do that coherently and effectively. One of the ways that we guide locally led adaptation is with frameworks and like IED's principles for locally led adaptation that we were just talking about. Now complementing these principles are another set of principles, the adaptation research for impact principles. These principles have been endorsed by all members of the adaptation research alliance. There are set of six guidelines for research design for knowledge sharing and for outcome tracking to ensure a focus on equity and on action. So these six principles that you can see before you now are really aimed at supporting and influencing the activities, the plans, the programs and the policies of ARA members, but they apply of course to the broader community of practice working on adaptation action and research in general. These principles really align with the locally led adaptation principles and ensure we are guided by a common set of values and work towards shared goals as part of a collective vision of change. This is how that we will ensure that actions are based on real needs identified by those on the ground who are living with the impacts of climate change right now. These practitioners are already engaged in adaptation planning and action on the ground. They're right at the forefront of tackling climate change as we speak and of course have invaluable knowledge to share with the researchers both locally and more broadly. And I think this is really important aspect through the peer learning both South South and of course South North collaboration. So that's just a quick whistle stop through those six adaptation research for impact principles. I'd now like to look on the next slide and about about the micro grants. So this is really grassroots action research. So these principles not only ensure cohesive communities to practice and but can be really instrumental in shaping funding and ensuring that investments are successful in enabling more leadership at the local level. So the adaptation research Alliance we use these principles to shape our first round of micro grants. These are very small scale grants of about 10,000 British pounds focused on identifying burning issues in communities that research could help to meet. Now the key thing for these micro grants was that the lead organization had to be based in the global south and preference was given to grassroots and practitioner led collaborations, bringing the focus on to action. Another key thing about these grants is that co production approaches were very actively promoted and encouraged, and they were all demands driven project ideas that really came from needs in the communities or from a from national level priorities. Due to the short duration of these projects three months, and many of these built on past collaborations, but also encouraged expanding to new transdisciplinary partnerships. Mobilizing communities to discuss the adaptation challenges they are facing is really important to make sure that there's a deep and a shared understanding of the burning issues being faced. The projects I mean in that short time frame those projects were not intended to solve those challenges, but to start or enrich the conversations that be a catalyst bringing people together for further action. Now none of those elements are necessarily innovative or even enough on their own, but we also know that there have not been enough adaptation projects that have taken those approaches. I mean and this is especially true in the adaptation research space which still tends to be dominated by by northern researchers. So this is changing. So, being intentional about how we frame funding and really creating opportunities for locally led projects, how we engage with communities and co design new new research programs is really essential. If we want to generate sustainable and effective evidence based and locally led solutions. Thanks very much. Thank you so much Rosalind West. It was an interesting insight on how we are promoting this grassroots action research and this is, I hope, all the participants is excited to see and learn this from you. Just let me share my screen as well. So, after hearing from Rosalind we want to have a second breakout groups today, the second breakout group of today. So, we will be splitting into the breakout groups again and we're trying to have the same people and an additional few new faces as well. So, in this session, we will be talking about the big questions associated with locally led adaptation. So, each group will receive a link to the Jamboard and there are two facilitators we have some facilitators with us and you can see their name with facilitators in the, in the name as well, and they will help us. So, in this session to run this session together with you facilitator will post the Jamboard link in the group and it Jamboard have one question. So, you have to use the sticky notes or you can be creative and use the Google image search and make this Jamboard about like what do you think, and what do you have to explore this. I have a brief idea if you haven't used Jamboard before. This is the slides that you will have this is the example slide we have already on Jamboard and you can click this one to go to the next slide. You can use the pen feature over here. There is the sticky sticky note options as well to be used. And you can use the Google image search and have icons or pictures relevant to what you want to explain through a picture as well. And so, for example, we have how can we mobilize climate finance for adaptation. So you can think about what you want to write through a pen or a sticky note or a Google image. And we are expecting to have something like this at the end so make pictures of icons sticky notes or pen and have the have a rich discussion, have a discussion around this topic, you have a facilitator on the room, and then we will come back from the breakout and share our experience on locally-led adaptation into practice. I invite everyone to join the breakout group and are we ready with the breakout groups. Yes, we are. I'm opening them now. Hi Amy, I am a facilitator. But I don't have the. Oh, no, it's appeared now. Sorry. Thank you. No problem. Next group please. Hi Ritu, you should be able to choose the group yourself, but I can put it in for you. How do I do that? Can you tell me were you just in number 11? I was in 10. Okay, I will put you into 11 now. But how do you choose? If you go down to breakout rooms on the toolbar. Okay, okay. Okay, so I go into room number 11. No room number 10. I was already in room number 10 now, but there's a facilitator around there. Yeah, so your numbers 11 and 12. 11 and 12. But in 11 we have facilitator around. I was in facilitator room number 10. Okay, can you go to 12? Okay. Amy, there is already a facilitator there. My other room that I was supposed to join is climate information servers. Because I was just in migration and I don't know. Okay. I'm having a bit of trouble here. People people have keep. I keep on going into the groups I'm supposed to be and other people have already put jam boards in them. But I see the same problem with me. I don't know which jambo to place there. Okay, I think people have maybe just gone into the wrong rooms. I was assigned to one, initially, which was the wrong one for me. So that's that's I think maybe part of the confusion is that is that but then I just went into the one, which I'm listed as being supposed to do and someone else was already had already been in. Okay, let me just. I was seven has no facilitator. Okay, can I put one of you into seven then. Okay, you can put John there. Because John was before me in the list of facilitator, then I see it has facilitated. But the problem is really to the because people are jumping between the two. I went into an empty one but someone would want to be there. Jonathan Barnes room number nine facilitator five has not joined. So it's room number nine. Okay, I'll try and join nine now. Thank you. Okay, I'm joining. No, I've already been into nine. I've already been into nine and sent away. Hey, yeah, I've already been into room number nine and told that was one of my original groups and they've already been given a jambo by somebody else. I don't know how to go about finding one to join. Let me just message the group and see if anybody knows where they're waiting for somebody. Jonathan, I can't see a facilitator in room two room four has one or six has one. Yeah, both the groups I was supposed to do have already been given Jamboards. Okay, bear with me Jonathan. We got 20 still or we lost a few. So one room seems to now have lost a couple. So we're on 19 rooms. Okay. Yeah. Hi. So we've just come out of one of the rooms because there wasn't anything happening. There were three of us in that room, but we didn't see a link or any kind of communication. So we've just come out of it. Thank you Chris. I can put you into another room. I think that a couple of people have dropped off. I think there was three of us in our room. Okay, I can join that one Amy. Thank you was that room five. I've no idea. There's no number. Okay, if I could ask you Jonathan to join room eight it looks like there's any two people in there. Okay. And we know the guys in the roommates have all got the Jamboard already going. Okay. I haven't heard of any rooms that need a Jamboard now. Maybe, maybe everyone's got one. Yeah. I'll just ask him again. Is it possible to have Jamboards but not facilitators. Hello. Hello. Yeah, we can hear you. Yeah. Sorry, you know, I, my power, I mean, my internet got interrupted. So I went out, but Mr. Benjamin Gabriels was actually transferring me from one group and another group because I was in a group that discussed about drug policy, which I am not fully aware of. So I wanted to be moved to another group and now suddenly because of the internet disruption, I came out and when I come in, I'm in the, I mean, maybe I'm in the lobby. So could you please transfer me to some group. Yeah, so we did close that group because everyone in the group wanted to be moved. So we've closed that dog's group so I can add you to another group. You should be able to choose it yourself if you go down to breakout rooms, you should see an option to join a room. Okay. Any room is okay. Yeah. I think everyone has jambos at least at this point, but I can see room a room 17 doesn't have a facilitator so you could go there. Well, let me go to room seven and see and join the group. Yeah. Thank you. Sorry, I mean, so you think room 17 I should have a go joining. It looks like there's no facilitator there so that would be helpful. Okay. Thank you. Being recorded. Welcome back from the plenary. We're still waiting for the people to join back from the plenary because it is still some few minutes left. Please be with us. And we will have another speaker with us after this breakout room is back. Welcome back from the plenary. So we have our second speaker with us. René Van Hel, René is the director of inclusive green growth in Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. And I think he has already joined us. Yes, I'm here. I'm here. So welcome to the CBA conference and the floor is yours, René. Yes, thank you so much. My name is indeed René Van Hel. I'm the director for inclusive green growth. And I think that that matches very well what we're discussing today. I'm really glad that you invited me to participate in the opening session of already the 16th conference on community based adaptation. And it's a pleasure to be among a community of practitioners who first met to discuss the topic 17 years already ago. This is one of the times when you began and you're an important platform now that adaptation has become rightfully so much more part of the regular discourse and what what my main job is is trying to work with or many, many, many organizations in the south. In order to lift people out of poverty by promoting sustainable growth in LBCs. So our focus is really Africa, and especially in Africa, the poor, the poor countries in Africa. Therefore we attach such importance to climate change adaptation, the impacts of climate change are felt throughout the world but we all know that the effects of droughts are felt most, most in the poorest countries. But in a way, what we also see that the climate change is affecting everyone everywhere else. And that's where I hope that the worldwide consensus and community comes from because we need much more money, we need to do much more. And the fact that it affects everybody is in a way for all those in Africa, perhaps a bit of a blessing in disguise. But we feel it's urgent to support countries and vulnerable communities to adapt to these changes and increase resilience. So our aim is to spend the majority of our climate finance on adaptation and we will advocate for more climate change climate finance in general. And of course in, we also advocate improving the balance between mitigation and adaptation and that's what we will do in Sharm al-Shaykh at the COP 27. We all know that for climate adaptation to be effective, local ownership over analysis design and implementation is crucial. And in recognition of this, we signed the LLA principles last year. At the coming COP, we also support a number of LLA events just to underline how enthusiastic we are. We also realize that while the LLA principles are new, the underlying concepts are not. They bring together the importance of good participation and good adaptation. And I think it's important to keep the focus on doing LLA. And not to get lost in terminology. Let's just be practical and not just have biblical discussions about terminology. I have to be a little bit modest because the Netherlands is a relatively new kid on the block when it comes to LLA. And we are therefore still very much developing programs. And we do not claim to be a leader. However, we participated in a couple of inspiring examples that I would like to share with you. In Burundi, the DRC and Uganda, we are financing several programs that fall out to the so-called plan intégré du paysan, the PIP approach or integrated farm plan. In this approach, households are encouraged to develop their own vision for the future of their farm and then to develop joint plans with their communities for the landscape that they live in. This leads to increased diversification and resilience at the household and landscape level. Secondly, in Rwanda, a pilot project aimed at introducing a community-led approach for landscape restoration is adopted as national policy by the government, which has allocated substantial resources to implement this country-wide. And thirdly, in Ethiopia, the dry-dive project is an example of farmer-managed natural regeneration, an example in which farmers are responsible for managing trees in and around their fields. And in this landscape restoration project, 50,000 hectares degraded arid land have now been restored and water supply was improved. Women benefited by reducing time to fetch water and strengthening their livelihoods through so-called village savings and loan programs and value chain development. This project won the Energy Globe Award in 2021, and as we all know, this award is a rather prestigious international sustainability award. Going on to the fourth example in Beirut, Mozambique, the Netherlands engages in a long-term partnership that supports the city to become more climate resilient against climate change, especially floods and cyclones, because that is really what Beirut in Mozambique is suffering from. And based on the development master plan in 2012, the collaboration has now grown organically over the past nine years. What was relevant in this collaboration is that it has been reconfirmed in 2019 when cyclone Idae devastated much of the city. And what we're trying to do is to support stronger municipal institutions, more local revenue collection, taxation and better service delivery. We're also supporting the expansion of infrastructure and disaster preparedness. And moreover, we support the city's efforts to promote coordination between donors and with central government, because that donor coordination and coordination with the government is of course oftentimes also an issue. The last thing I want to say is that the Netherlands co-hosts the UN Water Conference in March next year. And my wish is that water will in future just be treated like energy or any other resource. The problem is that water oftentimes is not treated well. And why is that? The politics are wrong and the economics are wrong. The politics are wrong because it's not the right kind of ministers who decide in the end how to allocate water. And the politics and the economics are wrong because we do not value water properly. And since we're not valuing water properly, we're using it too much and which leads to and we're mismanaging it. So please also join us for the UN Water Conference in order to get the politics and the economics of water well. And that locally led adaptation is also a central element of a better managed water as a resource for sustainable development. So thank you so much for allowing me to say a few words to you. And I look forward meeting many of you in Charmel Sheik. Thank you. Thank you so much Rene. Thank you for so happy to hear from the government of Netherlands and your support and commitment for the locally led adaptation and building it towards the conference on water. And as you mentioned, the political and economic part of not just water but all about the climate change and climate action and enhancing locally led action to support this initiative. Thank you so much for this. You're welcome. Now, just let me share this slide one more time. Okay. So, we have the time to, to our facilitators to make this Jamboard, a little bit creative, a little bit organized the Jamboards. We have somebody from the facilitators who want to share their teams and the Jamboard, you are much welcome to do that. Anyone who want, who had an interesting session on your group want to share back, we are open for this feedback. I can share from my group. Yeah, sure. I don't know if I can share my screen while you're sharing yours, but maybe I can just stop it. Okay. Yeah. So let me see if I can share. Now we didn't get many pictures on our Jamboard. And of course now you're asking me it's quite hard to find it. Here we go. So we had a question about conflict. So as I said, we didn't get many pictures, but we did come to quite an interesting conclusion, which I think is important to reach in the opening plenary which is the applying the locally led adaptation principles in a conflict risk area might look quite different to elsewhere. There might be some things that you want to prioritize over others. However, what we did recognize is that understanding climate risk for all parties within that area is going to be important, particularly if you're working across a landscape. In that landscape, you might have different parties in a conflict, but all of them need to recognize that there is a climate risk, and that that's something that might shape your approach in trying to deal with the issue. So we also talked about funding, how does flexible programming and learning combined with the need for patient and predictable funding in a context which is unpredictable where you don't quite know what you're going to be doing with the funding. So it was a really interesting discussion to just begin opening up some of the issues. And thanks for the opportunity to share some of those thoughts. Thank you, Sam. Do we have any other facilitators who want to share what they discuss in their group if they don't have a creative. Sheila, I think Chris is happy to share from group one. Chris. It's been a while since I've used and shared. So my share screen, which is shares. So, um, yeah, in what do we want to say the yellow other problems and green things we can do about it. I think Claire was strong on the platforms and like host society approach and so on. And I guess getting the governance right for which LLA I think can obviously help. It's hard for communities to access funds, but this whole society approach and having a good platform would do it. I think we identified the need for a policy framework that actually works for adaptation because sometimes that isn't in place because there is a mitigation bias. And maybe that comes from a lack of evidence so maybe those ones on the top should be joined up. So the point I would want to make, which I think is really important for everyone. And that is, we need business that actually works is viable. So it is business is not pseudo business is real business. So it works for those who are investing in it. But it that also works for the environment and also works for people this, I could triple win. So that would be green business, if you really had green business. And without that, I think the fear is that there are, there is a trend or tide working against us when you've got business that actually is maladapt, leads to maladaptation. And I think we've got to engage in that that's my personal view. I think I hope you like the one or two pictures we managed to put in the slide, hats off to Claire and getting those in. Thanks. Thanks so much Chris. Other facilitators, somebody want to join on. I can share from one of our groups. Yeah, sure. So from group 15 was talking of the role of Metro pets solutions in supporting LLA, LLA principles. And so we were the group was focusing on how indigenous knowledge is very important and so using the nature of the solution to put up to also have a great impact on the issues of the business knowledge. And we discussed that nature based solution is also very key, for example, to avoid using other materials from outside but using things that are totally locally and getting that can be got from from from the areas. So I'm also using mega pet solution is effective in a way that the practice finances from outside, and also having co co benefits and that are efficient to climate change. And we also know that people live very close to nature and they direct with nature every time so like net is part of the society and science part of nature so it's inseparable so make sure the solution should be in driving. The LLA principles, and also if you're talking about that question so we cannot do away with the nature so nature has to be there. And if you use major, like I say, we are going to do the same plant trees or do something, but also we are strengthening by diversity that co benefits by strengthening by diversity. So it helps us in the food production also working with nature rather than against it. And we, if you're using nature best solutions that the role of the best solution also is to make we ensure that people who are more interact with nature especially with our women, children and girls. So I believe in the adaptation in supporting climate change adaptation. So if you look at our two pictures, three pictures here just try to see trying to use greening and nature to promote climate change adaptation. So thank you. Thank you so much our own. Thank you everyone for this exciting discussion interaction and hope you like our new way of starting the opening plenary with a lot of discussions this was an experiment and we hope you were happy about this experiment as well. As I said in the in the opening. So this is the time to grab your pen and the paper. So I hope you all have pen and paper with you. So what we will be doing will be grabbing a pen and paper and writing a single word that is your aspiration for LLA. So let's talk about LLA what you want to write a single word, and we will open all our cameras and so it to the screen, so that we have a very good opening plenary picture with us. So in sewing this our world. So let's grab the pen and paper. And let's write the word. We can sew it to the screen. And Amy can support us. If it's visible or not. Yeah hold them up as close as possible please. So thank you everyone and I would like to pass it to Sam for closing it out. I don't have that much to add. Just to say thank you to everybody for joining the opening plenary and do keep an eye out for announcements on the live blog. And also, you will find a discussion area on the platform where we'll also be posting some interesting new opportunities, some resources, interesting funding opportunities that come available and that is the place to find out about them. And we're really looking forward to a good conference with you and hopefully you'll join us at the closing plenary tomorrow, where we'll be trying to pull together all of the messages from the sessions that you attend over the next couple of days. So don't miss that because we will need you so that we can pull together what it is the CBA community thinks about locally that adaptation. It will be a fascinating panel discussion reflecting on that as well. So enjoy the conference. Thank you for joining. Looking forward to speaking to you over the next couple of days. Thanks very much. Thank you. Thanks everyone. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you to all colleagues.