 Thank you very much, Julie. It's a real pleasure to be here. As Julie says, I'm Jim Robinson, I'm the co-coordinator of the Housing, Land and Property Air of Responsibility, and on behalf of the AOR it's really great to welcome you today. Today is a real good chance to hear from colleagues who are working on the ground for fascinating and challenging context. It's a sort of a time to dig in, and as Julie mentioned, there's the question and answer function on the Zoom, but also a chance to share those questions. I just want to say from the off, there are no stupid questions. As you listen, ask yourself, what does this mean for my work? What do you want to know more about? Why does it matter? So really just try and apply that and feel free to share those questions in the Q&A and look forward to discussing them further. So this session is hosted by the Housing, Land and Property Air of Responsibility, also known as the HLPAOR. And we're part of the Global Protection Cluster led by NRC and UN Habitat. We wanted to see who's here, we wanted to get a sense of your background, how you're coming to this session. So we have a few questions to ask you and would love to hear your or see your responses. So we have some poll questions which I believe my colleagues will be able to share. So how do you feel about HLP? Now, I would probably take the top answer, which is that I'm proud to be an HLP geek, but other people may have different perspectives, and that's fine. So there's a few options there. Do you even know is HLP, what even is it? I mean, just three letters, high level panel, what is it? So, yeah, it'd be good to see just a range of people who we have with us today. So you have options, HLP geek, you might dream of HLP, you might see why it's important. You might have heard of it, you might not even know, but you're interested by maybe the countries that we're looking at today or just as part of the wider forum. So, now I don't know if how it works in terms of you seeing the results. Does that happen as they come? No, so yeah, I'll launch the poll when you say so, Jim. So if you want to give them another minute or two just to answer all the questions, you can even go through all the different questions. Yep, they can go through all three questions right now, and then we can launch the results and show the results to everyone. Fantastic. So how do you feel about HLP? And then we're interested in what geographical region you're working in. Have a look on there and see what's relevant for you. And then if you do work on HLP, what settings do you work on it? So today we're looking at customary settings as part of what we're discussing and I'll talk a little bit about that in a moment. But what does this mean to you? Does it mean anything? So see how you answer that question as well. So, yeah, we'll wait another 20, 30 seconds to allow people to answer and then we'll share the findings. There are some geeks amongst us. That's interesting. Okay, well, let's give it 10 more seconds and then we'll share. I could do a countdown, I suppose. I'll do a five or three, two, one. Okay, well, let's share the results of those. So as we can see, there are some people dreaming of HLP and some self-proclaimed HLP geeks. Others see why it's important. Some have heard of it and some don't even know about HLP. So that's great to have you with us as well. So hopefully you will learn something about that as we go along today. Geographically, there's quite a split in the work, but probably more focused on working in countries in Africa, but we see people working across the world in different areas as well as those not working on HLP at all. Again, a mix between some working in a statutory system and some working in customary settings, and it might be that those terms mean something to you, it might be that they don't. But yes, there are some people working there, some people in context where there are both, and that's often the case, and then a number of you there who've answered that don't work on HLP specifically. Thank you for that. That gives us a sense of who's in the virtual room and the different experiences, which will hopefully lead to some very interesting questions that you might have, and you'll take different things from the presentation. So I just want to spend a couple of minutes really just talking a little bit about HLP, what is housing land and property in a humanitarian response, what does that mean, and just a little bit about our focus of our session today. So, if colleagues would be able to share, I think is the first slide, has it got the agenda on it, or has it got, yes, okay. So just to say, these are the countries we're going to be discussing looking at. We've got colleagues from Afghanistan, South Sudan, Uganda and Honduras, and they're going to be speaking to us about their work, and then we're going to have time to discuss, ask questions. And as Julie was saying, the presenters can respond to those questions in the Q&A function as well. So there'll be two ways that you will hear back. Okay, next slide, please. So just a quick word about the HLP AOR. So we support HLP coordination and response. So in the humanitarian responses, there's about 32 crises around the world where the protection cluster is active, and we have HLP coordination in around 21 of those. And we also support HLP work in other places as well. And we also have a role trying to advocate and sort of encourage others to consider HLP questions and to provide support on that as well. That's what the AOR is set up to do and to try and support you as you're working in these areas. Next slide, please. So what is HLP? Why does it matter? So housing land and property essentially refers to the rules and arrangements that make it possible for people to live on their land and to use their property. And HLP matters are at the heart of displacement. And so within humanitarian response, we often understand HLP rights are about having a home free from the fear of forced eviction, a place that offers shelter safety and the ability to secure a livelihood. So this isn't just about where you stay, where you live, but it's also about how you live your life and what it means to be able to access the necessary resources for that, including water and food and those kind of things. So we often see HLP issues coming up in that most emergency response where people need somewhere to stay. How can we make that safer for them more secure, but then right the way through a sort of golden thread right the way through humanitarian response to solutions and thinking about development outcomes as well where we see people safe and secure and you can't have a durable solution without HLP rights being realised and secure as well. So HLP has its origins in humanitarian and international human rights law and the right to adequate housing particularly, but it's not just about laws. Laws are important, but it also involves practices, customs, attitudes that revolve around the full spectrum of rights to public, private, housing, land and property. And it's also not only about ownership, it's about how people use land and property and housing. So it might be owners as we understand them, it might be tenants, co-operative dwellers, customary land tenure owners and users, people who live in informal settings and squatters who don't have any secure tenure at all. Now we talk a lot about tenure and how we might increase security of tenure. So I just want to just touch on that briefly just right now. So next slide please. We have these two key HLP concepts which you'll hear mentioned. Security of tenure due diligence and they're linked. Go on to the next slide please. So what is security of tenure or tenure security? What is it about? Well, it's about the relationship people have with the land or their housing. And it's a system tenure is that governs who can do what for how long on which housing land and property. So it's about that relationship. And when we think of security of tenure, we're talking about how secure the people feel in terms of the link they have with that land, with that housing that they stay on. Because people have the right to be protected against forced eviction, harassment and other threats that might see them have to leave their housing or their land or their property. And we have to particularly focus on those that aren't often thought of as much as they should be. So particularly we work a lot on women's tenure security in terms of HLP rights. And that's always an area we want to be asking how that's working for women and for other marginalised groups maybe within a setting. So much of our work is in customary settings and today we're going to explore what this means for HLP rights. But what is customary settings? What do we mean? So when we're talking about customary settings and a phrase like legal pluralism might get used. So we're talking about the coexistence of different land tenure systems. So different systems of rules to govern how people use and access land. There might be different legal frameworks. There might be customary and community approaches as well. So sometimes we see a split between statutory and customary approaches to organising land in a context where there's conflict. We might see competing authorities, so different groups claiming authority over land and having different systems in place. In other places we might see a low level of formal legal system use. For example, land might not be registered. In some places we see it's as low as 10% where the land is formally registered. So the understanding of who owns or has access to the land is based in community and custom and there's different systems and sources of authority for land management. So when we're thinking about security of tenure we have to be able to adapt our approaches to taking these different legal systems to be able to be asking good questions to try and understand the context and the nuance that's happening in play. Due diligence was mentioned on the previous slide and due diligence in HLP is about asking those questions. Who has the right to use this land? Who needs to access this? What's the impact going to be of our own interventions when we get involved? As the HLP AOR we're focused on supporting coordination and I think coordination is a key part of this. We see the relationships and have to be thought about who are the different actors, what needs to be done to respond well to housing, land and property challenges. It's not just about working with our own narrow sector, our own narrow focus, we have to think within the humanitarian context we have to think about our shelter colleagues about those that are working on site management we have to think about food security we have to think about education which buildings are being used when we think about mine action colleagues for example as they clear land make it released and available again what's the impact on people's ability to stay on that land. So there's all sorts of different ways we need to think about our land. I'll just go to the next slide please. This is just a visual representation of some of the ideas around the legal pluralism. We're at the same spot here, we see three people in this image. One is saying they've bought a piece of land they've got the formal contract so they've used a statutory legal system to own that land. Someone else is saying this tree was planted by my grandfather there's a connection there that has gone through the generations about their use of that land and maybe their right to continue using that. And then there's someone bringing their animals through and saying this is the path we always take to the waterhole that idea of a continued use of land and the right to access through that. So you've got three competing claims to the same piece of land and that sometimes needs to be a careful negotiation about how those things work and the different legal systems the sources of authority that allow those to work well and in peace. So today we're going to focus on HLP and challenges in these four different contexts. So we're going to hear from colleagues working in Afghanistan, South Sudan, Uganda and Honduras. And yeah, without further ado, I'm going to pass over to our first speaker, Ben Flower who's the senior programme specialist on housing, land and property at UN Habitat in Afghanistan and he's going to speak to us about integrating HLP and climate programming. And as I'll say to all the speakers, we need to keep tight on our time so I will be making sure you know when your time is up. So Ben, over to you for your presentation and we look forward to hearing it. Thank you. Thank you very much, Jim. Okay, great. Thanks. So today I'll talk about HLP and climate programming using a case study of Afghanistan's informal settlements. So next slide, please. So just a brief overview of the presentation. Insecure HLP rights cause climate vulnerability in informal settlements by restricting investments in resilient housing and infrastructure. So this presentation assists the potential to integrating HLP and climate programming to result in long-term resilience outcomes by supporting HLP rights and providing community assets. Next slide, please. So what are the links between HLP and the climate vulnerability? Well, insecure HLP rights cause climate vulnerability because of the fact that HLP is the only way to integrate HLP and climate vulnerability. So this presentation is going to help to understand the importance of HLP and climate vulnerability because of the fact that HLP is the only way to integrate HLP and climate vulnerability because of the fact that HLP is the only way to integrate HLP and climate vulnerability because they restrict household and settlement level investments that reduce the impacts of climate thoughts. So the relationship between HLP rights and investments is very simple. Authorities, service providers, communities, HLP partners, individuals, they can't invest in long-term investments in assets that are in infrastructure. So this is the first example of HLP and security or tenure insecurity and climate vulnerability. This is because of their physical attributes. They are located in hazard-prone areas. They lack adequate housing and infrastructure. The characteristics of their inhabitants, they are often very vulnerable IDPs or low income migrants. And also their existence outside of formal governance systems, so with insecure tenure and also lacking basic or municipal services. There is a growing consensus to support intervention that secure tenure and HLP rights and by doing so lead to climate resilience outcomes. So next slide, please. So what approach has cancer HLP runs the project? The first, the evolved strengthening individual household HLP rights. The common intervention, the most widespread, is that it closes customary tenure with legal land titles issued by the state. But despite some successes, areas with insecure HLP such as N47s are often excluded from climate resilience requirements where formal title. So then a more recent approach rather replacing the bills on these customary tenure systems. These interventions include things like ICLA and also the fit for purpose model that works on strengthening, recognising and registering customary tenure systems to increase their legal tenure security. And recent evidence from the Asia Pacific has shown that these approaches have resulted in increased climate resilience investments in some cases resulting in long term climate resilience outcomes. A second approach focused on community planning and implementing resilient infrastructure investments which consolidates views as a key indicator of HLP security by residents Hi, Ben. Ben, hi, sorry. The audio is coming in and out a little bit. So I wonder if maybe you could turn off maybe the blurred background or maybe your video just because we can't quite hear you as well it's sort of coming in and out a little bit. Okay, I'll just stop the video. Yeah, okay, sure. Thanks Ben. Is that better? Yeah, that does sound better. Yeah, thank you. Okay. Okay, so I'll just start from the second approach which focuses on these community level activities including community planning and the implementing of infrastructure investments. And as I mentioned these can directly as well as increase the de facto tenure security of areas by gaining legitimacy of the opportunities in HLP infrastructure. It also directly reduces climate vulnerability by installing or upgrading crucial common climate solutions for clients. So also funding community based organisation is a community approach that can be honest for HLP and climate resilience outcomes. For example supporting last time organisations to negotiate with authorities for HLP rights it's been approached, it's been widely promoted to secure tenure by organisation such as UN Habitat and others. There are also numerous examples as well of community based organisations being very important in increasing climate resilience of disaster or climate exposed and vulnerable communities. So is this community based approach that I'll highlight in relation to Afghanistan. So integrating HLP and climate programming in Afghanistan. So Afghanistan provides a case study to assess integral HLP and climate interventions. The country is ranked sixth in the most recent climate risk index because the population is highly vulnerable exposed to droughts, floods, landslides and also extreme heats. These risks are occurring in one of the greatest humanitarian emergencies globally. And within that the residents of more than 1,000 urban informal settlements are extremely vulnerable, they're located in hazard prone areas populated largely by IDPs, they lack basic services adequate housing and they're subject to not just threats but frequent evictions by authorities. UN Habitat and HLP activities have aimed to reduce any security in these areas. And this case study will focus on a pilot project that does so by integrating community, HLP and climate resilience programmatic tools. The case study settlement of informal settlement in the city current Afghanistan starts second largest city and the capital of the drought prone in western province and the community consists around 400 households and around 2,000 people next slide Ned. So how do we assess the HLP and climate needs in the community? Well the first step was to implement a full coverage household survey and participatory assessment which included participatory hazard mapping, seasonal calendars and other tools. We found that residents were exposed to severe climate hazards associated with their location in the drought prone western region and on the banks of the large river which ran dry in the summer and is prone to flash flooding in spring and winter. So drought and flood were identified as the most severe issue but also they're associated with disease for example lack of clean water during the previous drought and contamination of flood water with wastewater in periods of flooding. So we found that HLP insecurity or tenure insecurity is an issue that underpins this disability. The residents had occupied state land and they had no legal property documents and this insecure tenure or HLP situation, limited housing investment resulted in low quality dwellings with inadequate sanitation that were prone to damaging periods of flood and washed facilities that were easily contaminated during floods including to disease and other things. There was also the absence of crucial climate risk and settlement infrastructure which was then related to the insecure tenure and their status as occupying state land. There was a lack of a water supply network and there was flood drainage absence of flood drainage system and this caused big problems during periods of climate shock including the loss of property and the spread of disease in some cases even death. So the precarious livelihood characteristics also compounded these challenges and again, female headed households suffered the lowest income and were assessed to be the most vulnerable. The community capacity to respond was very limited due to their extreme precarity. However, they noted the important role of the community-based organisation and settlement in supporting residents and providing assistance to those most in need. So the next slide please. Just say just a few more minutes. Yes. Nearly done. So the HRP response that you and Havett had deployed an integrated HRP and climate response to address the vulnerabilities identified in the assessment. The aim was one to strengthen the community HRP rights and two to plan and implement the climate resilient community infrastructure. To this end, we did participatory land use mapping which was conducted to create a spatial record of the settlement including approximate parcel boundaries, community-based organisations endorse the maps and these are in turn endorsed by local authorities doing so this provided protection to the customary tenure arrangements that existed in the settlement and the longer term this can pave the way for purpose, household level land registration. In addition community-based solutions and strategies mapping identified critical climate investments, drainage and waste water supported to secure authorities endorsement of these maps and this way the HRP rights and climate settlement obtained official recognition reducing the risk of eviction. Finally, priority resilient community the priority climate resilient community investments identified were actioned they were implemented to reduce climate risk and consolidate the settlement to strengthen the de facto HRP rights and a flood drainage system was installed which was constructed using cash for work with community labour and on the next slide here I won't go through this beneficial comment and experience of the program but you can see they have many benefits both in terms of the HRP and climate resilience standpoint and then the final slide so yeah the project identified numerous HRP and climate tools that can be used for mutually strengthening HRP and climate resilience outcomes I'll just detail them here I don't have time to go through them but should you wish to deploy them in your own programs please peruse at your leisure and we're also publishing a paper and toolkit based on this experience of this pilot which we will share in the coming weeks thanks very much thanks Ben thank you so much for that and yeah just to I suppose make the point that you know the presentations we're going to gather them together afterwards and make them available and the sessions being recorded as well so we will make that available on the global protection cluster website and through newsletters and that kind of thing as well so there'll be a way to catch up and find out more about the work and please do have a think if there's questions there that came up for you, you'd like to hear more about then let us know put that in the Q&A we're already seeing a few questions coming in about various things so thank you for that Ben thanks and we're going to turn now to South Sudan and pleased to introduce Margaret Wazuk who is the NRC's information counselling and legal assistance coordinator and also coordinator of the HLPAOR in South Sudan so Margaret over to you Jim we lost Maggie on her mobile phone okay well okay thanks for letting me know so do we have Evelyn and Jordana are they here and ready to present because we can move to Uganda come back to South Sudan a little bit later Evelyn you okay to present yes Jim thank you great so we have Evelyn Arjambo who's the program management assistant on land management with UN Habitat in Uganda joined by Mrs Jordana Wambogo who's the project officer with UCO BAC I'm not sure what that stands for but maybe you can say as you start but yes over to you and yes we've got 15 minutes and I'll let you know when there's a few minutes left okay thank you okay yeah thank you once again Jim as Jim says Evelyn Arjambo I'll be presenting with my colleague Jordana Wambogo the Uganda community based association for women and children's welfare our presentation is on unlocking the climate change puzzle integrating land registration and with land use with land wise use planning as essential solutions and we shall be tailoring into one of our projects in Uganda and please next slide yeah just to give us a little statistics about Uganda for those who may not know Uganda is located in East Africa and currently we have a population of approximately 48 million and a population growth rate of 3% approximately 73.6% of the livelihood of the population lives in rural areas and 26.4% of the population is the one that is in the urban areas Uganda is one of the countries that has the world's youngest population with over 78% of the population below the age of 30 years you can imagine the community heavily relies on agriculture and this is mainly subsystem which accounts for around 22.5% of the Uganda's gross domestic project thank you JDP please in addition to that Uganda's land is majorly customary with over 80% of the land being under customary land tenure and this is mainly unregistered without any formal documentation we have limited access to land information there is a lot of systematic inequalities and a lot of women's limited access and control over land you find that less than 3% of the registered land is owned by women in Uganda we have a high number of land evictions and disputes and we also have a challenge of implementation of the legal and regulatory reforms that have been we have the regulatory reforms that are very slow the reforms are slow and the ones that are existing implementation is very slow as well and next slide please let's give us a small background about the customary tenure but maybe before I mention this in Uganda we basically have 4 tenure systems one is called the freehold, the lease hold, Milo and then the customary as I said earlier this accounts for over 80% of Uganda's land and the law has gone ahead to provide provisions for customary land recognition and it also ensures that customary land can be registered and that the holders can be issued with formal documents called the certificates of customary ownership some of these laws include the land acts the national land policy the land regulations and of course the constitution of Uganda of 1995 the customary law in the customary land is subject to the customary law of an area so in other words Uganda will have very many different cultures each culture has its own norms and practices so this land it is subject to the norms and practices of a specific area in the country then despite having the necessary policy and legal frameworks to improve our customary land tenure very little progress has been done in form of documentation and the implementation of those policies and legal frameworks next slide please so at GLTN and UN Habitat we come in to respond through one of our projects we've implemented several projects on the customary land tenure but for this specific this specific session we wanted to narrow down to one of the projects that is currently ongoing it is called Ladat Scale it is a bigger project funded by RVO from the Netherlands and Uganda is one of the countries in which this project is ongoing so the main objective and goal of this project was to build on the previous experiences and lessons of the past projects that we've implemented wanted to contribute to the development of a structured and scalable approach towards improved tenure security and sustainable land use for men, women, youth on customary land in a participatory way and this could be attained through the specific objectives which are mainly three and the first one is improved tenure security for men, women and youth inclusive climate smart and sustainable land use planning then improved capacity and awareness of key land actors customary land registration and land use planning next slide please so the project is basically in Uganda we are implementing it in four sites as you can see on the map in West Nile region of Uganda in the mountain Elbon Choga Plains and Southwestern Uganda however the project was it is phased we use a phased approach we wanted to have two phases the 1.5 years for the consolidation we tried to see what would work best and in the consolidation phase we implemented initially in two areas Southwestern and Choga Plains currently we are in the scaling out phase and we shall be adding two regions of West Nile, Mount Elbon and then work will continue in the previous two so work is currently ongoing in all the folk next slide please just to give us a little highlight on some of the key achievements we've got from the project of land at scale we have systematic mapping adjudication and registration of customary land rights in Kabaale that is Southwestern Uganda and Butaleja which is the Choga Plains over 13,677 parcels have been mapped representing 14,675 beneficiaries and of these we find that 8,079 are male and 5,296 are females which is a very great percentage on women inclusion and then we also have the youth then over 4,000 certificates of customary ownership as I mentioned earlier these are legal documents that are provided for by law that are issued to land owners of customary land and over 8,000 attending issuane we also apply the alternative dispute resolution mechanism this has tended to be it has turned out to be a very effective tool in resolving disputes that occurred during before during and after mapping especially these are boundary disputes in heritage disputes somehow between families others even between sub counties and districts so we use the alternative dispute resolution tool and over 92 out of the 118 disputes have been resolved using this tool which is over 50% and next please and the other aspect of the project is improved capacity and awareness we ensure that during the project we train the institutions that are responsible to provide the services of land registration right from the district level to the sub county level all the land administrators we train them on the processes of customary land registration we train them on the different GLT and land tools and approaches we also give them chance to create tools that they think can be can be appropriate in registering land tools for the local people and then we customize them to fit into the project we train people on field data collection on sustainable wetland management and also on the applying the alternative dispute resolution mechanisms in dispute resolution next please so under climate smart and inclusive land use planning the project has two components I will speak about one then my colleague will come in my colleague Jordana will finalize with the other component zeroing down to one of the areas which is a buta legia so for this we encourage land use planning and basically what we do for this we apply the tenure responsive land use plan tool it is a tool done by global land tool network where we ensure that mapping is happening as registration of customer land rights is ongoing planning is happening for example we designate the protected areas the wetlands, the game reserves so that as we are mapping the rights of the people because sometimes the locals don't know to what extent they can go so we show them that this is the buffer zone so as we map we can't go beyond that if we can show them how to sustainably use the extra area but we can't have it documented for their own for them because those are usually public areas then with that we work with the communities in a participatory way to ensure that we develop the physical development plans we engage the community right from the start they envision what they would want to see in their community for example in five years to come for example the plan that you developed in southwestern it is for one sub county it is a ten year plan so what vision do they want to see then we help them to put it together we help them to improve it work with the experts, the planners and we encourage all the stakeholders right from the government to the local person if you could see the pictures here here we had gone to one of the sub counties called that given us their views maybe they want to see a school here they want to manage this in the way they would want so we are showing them what we had brought up and then get their views, get their comments if they have any alternatives we undertake them and then bring back the revised plan so for this we'll be able to have a plan approved by the government through the government systems and it was developed and approved and the government went ahead through our support to undergo a capacity development workshop on how this plan can be implemented by the different land actors. Allow me to stop here and I'll invite Jordana, Jordana could you kindly take us through the next session thank you okay so I want to take you through through the second presentation on wetland management learning this initiative was rolled out in Butaleja district basically because Butaleja is 40% wetland and 60% dryland in this area we realize that the area is predominantly predominantly an area of customary land and that is the biggest part of the land that is held in that area so in part of the activities that we implemented documentation of land rights basically this was so because we realized through our research that was conducted by one of the professors at Macquarie University that most of the land agreements were just no more written land agreements without for more documentation of land rights butaleja livelihoods of communities both around land resource exploitation I have mentioned 40% of their land is a wetland and a place has a very high population so the communities have been forced to utilize the wetlands mainly where they are doing rice farming grazing and then also fishing as one of the alternatives that the community have decided to then the other thing is that women hold secondary rights through relation relationships with men mostly we do not own land can you hear me on my screen I feel like everybody has frozen it's cutting in can I continue Jim it's cutting in it can okay is that better yeah we hear you it just sometimes goes a little but yeah keep going Jordana okay okay so basically women hold secondary rights because land ownership is is majorly a preserve of men and therefore the women can only utilize the land through access and use rights and that's how they are able to to till and farm in the lands but most times you realize that much as they do the most the heavy lifting of the work the men show up during the harvesting period and therefore they negotiate they take on the negotiation in the market and take all the money next slide please and Jordana just another two minutes so if you could just sort of bring it to the conclusions that would be great thank you yes but the person controlling the presentation is not moving the slide okay anyway this initiative is regulated by a legal framework one of them being the national environmental act and the ramsa is regulated by a legal framework one of them being the national environmental act and the ramsa conversion on wetlands where development and adaptation of wetlands wise use guidelines and regulations are one of the reference points and then the other legal framework is Ministry of Water and Environment and also the wetlands resource use permits as one of the the documents that these people are able to use why did we do this initiative like I've mentioned already people are many and therefore they had no alternative but to move into the wetlands and through this they've been experiencing floods drying wetlands loss of biodiversity due to severe degradation and also they because the people are really many on the resource therefore they encounter conflicts in the wetlands through GLTN there was an approach that was that has been rolled out by the Ministry of Water and Environment we rolled out a wetland community management planning which has eight steps that people use and then they are able to use the wetland in a wise use manner I'm sorry I'm not going to go through the nitty gritties because we are short on time but what are the benefits of community based approach basically it enhances local knowledge of the wetland ecosystems being that it it involves the community who come up and propose some of these these interventions it causes a sense of ownership and stewardship towards the wetlands and it also promotes community engagement and participation in land registration and wetland management processes it also strengthens local institutions and organizations involved in the land and wetland management but also above everything else it raises awareness among the wetland communities on the value and the importance of wetlands and this has been a good this has been a good a good intervention because it involves them in the decision making processes where they propose some of these some of the solutions and therefore it is owned by the community what are the results and the impacts through this initiative through GLTN we have so far been able to develop for community wetland management plans in four of the of the resource areas but also there has been sustainable resource use community empowerment enhanced collaboration and partnerships and also we have registered a decrease in conflicts improved access and use rights on the wetland resource what are the challenges of course there is always political interference from the leaders in the community because oftentimes we realize that some of these leaders really do not know some of these interventions but because they are looking for political bind they tend to decide the communities but also there has been unpredictable weather conditions and discriminatory cultural beliefs because of the patriarchy that has been taking place what are the lessons learned we learned that the collaborations with government institutions and the district natural resource department are an effective approach in ensuring that we realize some of these benefits but also establishment of community wetland management planning committees and management committees play an important role during community-led approaches involving involvement of the local political leadership is vital because you need the political buying for you to be able to realize any intervention or approach in a particular area but also we realize there is need for continuous awareness raising such that the mindsets are changed because people need to unlearn things that they have grown up doing over time so it takes a bit of time for you to do the the mindsets of the community we also learned that through the organizing of learning exchanges for the wetland users is an important tool because people normally learn from seeing and so that is a good approach Lastly, recommendations we recommend that there is need for government to integrate some of these initiatives to maintain the momentum but there is also need for mindset change continuous sensitization like I have mentioned a building of local leaders capacity on gender issues most especially because leaders are voted into these offices so there is need for you to keep doing this so that you don't lose track then adopting a holistic management a holistic management for alternative livelihoods to ease pressure on the wetlands and then also lobbying government to establish rice schemes like the one that is in this area called the Doho irrigation scheme where farmers are really supported with various incentives to be able to grow their rice and lastly a vital okay thanks Jordana thank you so much for presenting and thank you for really your persistence when the tech sometimes lets us down so I really appreciate that thank you Jordana, thank you Evelyn and I think with both those presentations Afghanistan and Uganda you can really see some of the links between the CLP challenges that we see and face in that initial humanitarian displacement moment and how they link to the longer term efforts to find solutions and longer term ways in which people can have secure housing and access to land and say thank you both and we are now going to move to Honduras and really pleased to introduce Johanna Miranda who is the associate legal officer with UNHCR Honduras and she is going to speak to us in Spanish so if you would like to use the interpretation please do click on the three dots at the bottom and find the interpretation bit and choose which language you would like to hear Johanna over to you thank you team and morning colleagues so we are going to present in Spanish as well all the details of the presentation you will find a worksheet we will share through the chat and that's it so we can start and I'm going to switch to Spanish can you tell me the interpretation it's already it's ready for the other colleagues I think so are the interpreters ready I believe they are interpreter ready excellent please carry on Johanna thank you good morning everyone I will briefly speak to you in this section about two elements but it's important for you to understand the context of violence and displacement forced displacement in Honduras so housing and land protection as a strategy for conflict prevention and the promotion of solutions to forced displacement in Honduras briefly I would like to mention next slide please great thanks so in our context is characterized for widespread violence and there are huge rates of homicide rates and also every 20 hours a woman is murdered is a context that results in violence and organized crime and drug trafficking criminal gangs that are part of the population the displacement exist in urban and rural areas and this violent context means that Honduras is the eighth country in the world with the largest number of asylum seekers and at least 2.7% of population has been displaced these are over 58,000 households and just to show a little of the context in 2022 and 2023 many environmental and territorial defenders have been killed since last year this means Honduras is one of the most dangerous countries in the defense of land and territory and in May this year the World Bank concluded the likelihood of increased land conflicts due to tenure insecurity and loss of agricultural land productivity from all the information we have gathered we are able to see that only 32% of population managed to keep their house after being displaced next slide as I was mentioning before the main drivers for forced displacement in Honduras are extortion force recruitment dispossession of homes, land and property gender based violence social and territorial control human rights violations and political violence homes, land and property and the Inter-American commission of human rights in concluded that there is a long standing social environmental and agrarian conflicts in the country related to land and territories which have led to high levels of violence next slide please so dispossession of homes, land and property is one of the causes for displacement because the organized the criminal groups exercise territorial control for economic purposes they dispossess the houses they mark invisible borders so people cannot cross over from one area to the next it's also a way for extortion collection and it is used for drug trafficking and exploitation of natural resources in rural areas so the dispossession of land and homes is the result of threats, killings, harassment, territorial disputes et cetera there is also the development of mega projects for tourism and these other issues have led to the situation that we have identified that those most at risk are women, peasants young people and the defenders of land and territory next slide please so we want to share with you the context the institutional context because there are many different registration systems in the country we have the register and municipalities and the national institution what is the current situation less than 29.3% of the register is clearly made in Honduras and less than 27% of land is registered this is critical because we are talking about a country and this of course makes people even more vulnerable in violent situations and in violent context these are people who are in a risk of being displaced and all of this leads to a lack of land tenure or a multiplicity of property titles over the same lot of land next slide please specifically what does this mean for displaced communities there's unclear tenure for communities there's a destruction occupation of home by gangs unresolved agreement land conflicts, loss of property at the place of origin lack of clear mechanisms and there are no restitution or composition mechanisms there's a violent sensitive information and effect on tenure and we must exercise pedagogy on tenure rights as well next slide please now understanding all the context the organized crime context and the limitations of the government to organize a territory and regulate tenure we would like to share with you the strategy that we have implemented to help the state provide responses to protect houses and land in context of violence so as to provide responses to people in risk of displacement next slide please and here is where we want to focus this is the how how we are developing the strategy and how it was designed it contains five elements that are concurring that they are all developed in parallel firstly evidence collection on this situation of dispossession or abandonment and to that end we developed a cooperation mechanism with other entities state institutions we also make a report on the house on the land in Honduras the critical elements of the regulatory framework or institutional and existing elements we also establish a report that produce a report that talks about the relationship between dispossession and displacement we use this to produce report on forced displacement to identify the risks that causes the territory of concentration and this year we incorporated a new variable of displacement to measure the dimension of the causes for displacement and another element on tenure security that this is a survey that is conducted every year by the National Statistics Institute with the support of the World Bank with that we have a clear situation of the people in displacement to generate data and promote public policies that respond to these problems the second element we talked about institutional strengthening this is state institutions but also for control organisation we've mainly worked with institution of properties that is responsible for regulating properties and registration in Honduras with technological tools such as cores, drones these are tools that allow georefer referencing topography and they use the time needed for identifying assets in the territory and this has also helped us to conduct real references in high risk areas or to do so in areas that wouldn't be reachable otherwise this provides a possibility of making satellite images of how the area is and make a more accurate assessment of the land to that end we work with the secretary of human rights just two more minutes please if you're able to thanks two more minutes and the third element is identification of affections through community leadership individual cases of displaced people here we have a repository of abandoned lates and in the area of regulatory institutional alignment we manage to pass the forced displacement law and thus protect the territory we are currently in this aspect but there's already scaffolding and we have a created institution that is capable of advancing in the assessment of abandoned goods within this context of violence and displacement next slide please so the strategy is linked to the state, to the communities and to all the organisations that we work with we have worked with international institutions and due to a structural problem that has to do with the protection of rights we have required the participation of other development aid actors that are necessary to improve the solutions in registration this is part of the conflict prevention policy but also is part of our strategy for durable solutions next slide and as future actions next the law that was recently passed includes two main elements that is a material protection and legal protection in the moment one has to do with the assets that are left in this houses that are abandoned and that are occupied by third parties and how do we materialise this in the daily life of people next slide the actions that may be implemented based on the law that have been that are being currently deployed is that there are prohibition of transactions on the abandoned property exception from payment of real estate tax until the property can be taken possession of that the institution providing public services services and do not charge for them the extension of credits for interest free payments and access to free legal advice and assistance all of this are actions that are yet to be developed but this work has already started and we already have tools of legal and administrative nature that in this context have been abandoned or occupied due to the violent situation in the country that is information that we are going to share through the chat also we are going to share and a brief document about the practice of tourist station in Antoes if you want to more information we are open and we are ready for your place thank you very much Thank you Johanna thanks for that and thanks also for joining us so early in the morning as well where you are so appreciate that and just to say in the chat you can see some resources that have been shared and also please do keep asking your questions in the question answer session section and we will come to those shortly really pleased to introduce Margaret who is the NRC information counseling and legal assistance coordinator in South Sudan and also co-coordinator of the HLPAOR South Sudan Margaret I believe you are back with us so please go ahead Thank you Jim for the opportunity and thank you everyone apologies for the past technical hitch but I think right now we are right on course so I'd like to introduce as Jim has rightly said HLPAOR coordinator and in South Sudan we have a triage leadership where we have IOM and HDC who are co-coordinators in this HLPAOR implementation in South Sudan next slide so just to give you a brief history of our context South Sudan has been known for the conflict the long term conflict and with conflict we know that there are a lot of HLPAOR issues that come in place so in South Sudan we have the dual nature kind of HLPAOR protection where we have the customary kind of legal system and the statutory legal system where customary is mostly for help by traditional leaders, the community leaders who are able to govern or carry out leadership in terms of HLPAOR and we also have the statutory which is under the laws like the transitional constitution of the Republic the land act and the local government act so these are some of the laws that govern HLPAOR HLPAOR implementation in South Sudan so in South Sudan the classification of lands are three we have public land we have private land and we have community land so public land is governed or it's owned by the government then we have private land that is individually owned and community land that is held by the community and is used as a unit by the community so in South Sudan the rules for access and usage of this land is unwritten so most of it you'll find the customary land it is administered and interpreted but it is enforced by formal systems which is the formal institutions so largely the customary rules and land usage and access vary from one community to another however these institutions and their mandates are recognized under the local government act so you'll find in the local government act of South Sudan community leadership in terms of land is recognized and they are given their mandate to carry out decisions in terms of community reflected lands in South Sudan so traditional authorities normally allocate land for residential, agricultural forestry and grazing but subject to consultation with the community so you'll find as much as the traditional authorities have that mandate they have to ensure that their community gives them a go ahead in terms of any practices or any usage of that land so as you'll see in the presentation you'll find the kind of hierarchy we have the chiefs at the bottom and the chiefs are the ones who go into the pomas in pomas is like villages then we have the payamland council which goes it's a step higher from the village where they go and be able to find out or make decisions in terms of the payamland now on top of that is the county land authority this one is in each county this office is there to help in HLP issues next slide please so this in terms of the duality of the institutions of HLP in South Sudan we mentioned or earlier on just a few minutes back I mentioned we have the statutory and we have the the customary so for the legal systems that are there we at topmost is the ministry of lands housing and urban development this is on the national level then it comes down to the state where we have the state ministry land and public utilities this works or it regulates in terms of the 10 different states in South Sudan then also we have the South Sudan land commission this one it guides and gives advice to the two institutions on matters to do with land laws then we also have for the state state land commission which is also a sub office of the national land commission so all these are the formal sort of offices of setups that are there in terms of HLP institutions then in terms of the customary we have the customary the county land authority that is in the county level we have the payam land council which is in the payam level this is lower than the county we have customary law courts these ones are held are presided over by traditional leaders which here in South Sudan we call the A courts and the B courts and then we have the cheese who are now deeply rooted in the villages and try to get or to solve issues to do with housing land and property down in the grassroots next slide please just to mention both systems are recognized by the law so both of them are recognized and they have the mandate to handle land issues in South Sudan so next is we have the access to HLP who how do we access HLP in South Sudan number one is the rights to land in the communities derived by community going through the common ancestry if you are born in that community automatically you have a right to inherit land then secondly is gifting the community can decide to gift a person if the person is willing to come and bring development in that area the community can gift and they can allow someone who is not from that community to be incorporated or integrated in the community we also have donations and a good example is with the number of internally displaced persons in South Sudan we find that the government negotiates with community leaders so that they can be able to give land where IDPs can be able to settle and once they settle they are given a duration after that duration they are expected either to return to their places of origin or to move forward to other areas then lastly is transaction arrangements where you find the community has the right to allow people to purchase or to transfer the land from one person to another next slide please the customary systems and HLP in South Sudan so mostly most of these customary ways is either orally it is unwritten and is subject to interpretation by elders which makes protection bias so you find majority of these customary systems there are no written laws that are down but each tribe community has a different way of handling their HLP issues then the custodians of the customs are mostly sole appropriators you find maybe the leader of a community is the one who is able to run or has power over the community and often they use the discretion of their power to allocate land as offered to some protection based including tribal or clan affiliations then also we have gender in South Sudan gender is very sensitive because you find we here in South Sudan women according to the customs and traditions have no right to own land but the laws are saying especially in the transitional constitution is clearly mapping out that women have a right to to access and to own land so this gender this gender disparity the kind of different aspects to it have made it quite difficult for women to maybe access land of their own because they mentioned you have to either inherit it and if you are married you are not considered to be able to own land because you are someone of this property but more progress has been registered in areas where HLP actors have injected capacity investments in that we hold a lot of HLP trainings and dispute resolution trainings however the gender bias still exists in some locations and this limits full enjoyment of these rights by women then also there is the increased access to justice where here we find a lot of formal justice structures have been destroyed and and the resources are not enough in formal justice systems inaccessibility to displacement it has made it very difficult in terms of conflict resolution and the disputes is faster and cheaper and easier to find so this access to justice is what we are pushing on as HLP are in south Sudan so that we can be able to solve most of these problems then also there is we try to promote local ownership hence there is more acceptance of decisions by communities and also provide opportunities for HLP actors to influence the customary practices this is by going deep into the different communities to give all this necessary awareness about what housing land and property rights are and what their rights are when it comes to land next slide so another thing that also we do is we promote we ask people in terms of promotion of access to land by displaced communities this is through negotiations we do a lot of advocacy with the government and the communities in some areas however you will find that as much as there is this access to land the displacement of communities has led to secondary occupation where no property diligence has been conducted a good example let me use this juba you will find that we have a lot of two major IDP camps here once they came into juba the government just had negotiations with the community and the community offered land but now when it is the time for them to go back to their original places they are refusing and they are actually going ahead to secondarily occupy other people or other host communities land so there is also the preserved land for absentees in the customary system even if you go as a refugee you leave the area for 10, 15, 20 years the community still knows that this land is for this particular family so they always try to guard it and expecting that the original owner or their children can come and take over that place another point is also operating as a protection and rural areas from land grabbing mostly you will find in this customary systems especially in rural areas it is very difficult for people to grab land or to have evictions because they already know that this certain area is for this family or this clan so there is some sort of protection of the land from land grabbers and then in urban areas promotion or promoting the violation of HLP rights through land grabbing and eviction that is unlawful land distribution and allocation customary like customary custodians of HLP rights within a lot of power due to activity of the law where you find that people especially leaders who have a lot of power they will be willing to hand over land to people without falling up with the community but the good thing about the customs is that every land that is about to be allocated to someone else the community has to be involved and informed about it next slide please Margaret just a few more minutes so if you want to just move through the slides that would be great thanks so the implications for dual legal system the host communities mostly they are less inclined to local integration they do not want the people to stay in they actually seek for most of the people who are not from that area to return to their places of origin or to relocate to different area then also the host community are willing to distribute land they do not distribute to any person so it becomes at least it's an implication in terms of this then also chiefs are sole distributors so it results to a lot of land conflict and also local chiefs distribute land and both next slide so the empowerment now we are going to unpack to unpack the role of HLP actors what are the HLP actors in South Sudan doing so one we have the empowerment of right holders of HLP, we have sensitisation and awareness creation we have capacity building for both actors that is customary and for more we do a lot of capacity building we are also improving access to justice by providing legal assistance and community based paralegals who help in the day to day HLP issues we also provide technical assistance and guidance that is land allocation and due diligence to the community we also do a lot of advocacy where you find HLP or are in the HLP actors are the ones who are developing comprehensive strategies like now we have the national land policy it is still not out but we as HLP actors are advocating for it because once it comes we will be able to improve on a lot of HLP issues in South Sudan then we also give material support to the customary justice system so that it is easy for them to do their work then maybe next slide please just one more minute Marguerty because just one more minute so we can have a couple of minutes for the questions okay so maybe I can just go and breeze through the next next slide please since I have only one minute the implications of climate change so for us in South Sudan HLP issues are often exacerbated prior to or during the post disasters or flooding South Sudan has a lot of floods and droughts and both these have led to displacement you will find people have seasonal displacement from their area of origin to another so this climate change has been a major factor of HLP issues in South Sudan secondly we have loss of documents once the floods come the drought majority of the documents are lost so people have no documents to claim their land when they come back then it has also climate related issues may exacerbate natural resource conflict and this may reduce the enjoyment of HLP rights so it is therefore important that HLP projects are designed with a climate focus to ensure adaptation and mitigation measures do not contribute to HLP issues but also promote HLP specific grants maybe just the next slide as I breeze through this is just a picture of one of the villages here in South Sudan where floods once they come they are very destructive and they can approach people from their different places of origin this has led to a lot of vulnerability and the post of living has gone high there's a lot of hostility and there's of course the impending durable solution so this is just an illustration of what climate and protracted conflict on HLP results to I'm seeing the next slide please as I this is also just another illustration of what happens in South Sudan due to the climate change issue next slide so key actions taken key actions that us as HLP are have taken one is capacity development of communities on climate change and environment this includes preventive actions such as flood mitigating strategies with the context of HLP this is something that we are doing to ensure that the issue of climate change, floods and drought is able to be handled then secondly is also awareness creation and information sessions aimed at encouraging communities to move to higher grounds during the rainy season and also integrated approach and synergies we are working hand in hand with our shelter cluster colleagues and the LFS this has been an investment and we have also encouraged the infrastructures such as dykes to be made to calm the issue of climate change in South Sudan Jim do I have more minutes can I continue I think we'll have to leave it there Margaret sorry because we've got just two minutes before we're supposed to finish and I know Julie and her team are very strict so I will be in trouble otherwise OK and but thank you so much for persisting with the tech and yeah for all of you actually for joining on that and just to say again the resources will be shared afterwards as well so there's some really rich presentations there and lots of information for people to digest as well and I think we have had I want to just open just one question up because I think we've got like about 30 seconds before I turn to Eleanor to close so one of the questions that was asked was about ensuring that women and children who are alone are included into HLP work so I just wanted if any of our presenters wanted to make a comment on how they work with women and children specifically around HLP issues and how you see that in your work would one of you like to make a brief comment on that and can I go ahead Jim please do yes go Margaret and then I'll turn to that briefly OK thank you here in South Sudan we have been champions of women HLP rights in that most of our HLP actors have been supporting in terms of technical assistance to the South Sudan women agenda and ensuring that women are advised or are aware of their rights in terms of housing land and property and we also make sure that we give the women a priority in terms of when we are going for legal assistance when we are going for legal counselling we try to ensure that women know their rights and they are given a priority in terms of recovering or restitution of the different lands that they have lost and also to bring them into in terms of knowing and also being ambassadors to the community to their fellow women about women HLP rights Thanks Margaret and just maybe if Ben if you had a brief word in Evelyn if you want to as well and then we'll have to sadly close the session but yeah Ben if you'd like to comment on that please do OK yeah well just very briefly yeah I think Afghanistan of course is facing numerous challenges with regards to HLP rights and women's HLP rights and in particular so from the HRP AOR side we're just trying to raise the way to be vulnerable to things like evictions and how the humanitarian community can best support them to in addition we've also in the past years looking at influencing regulatory reform so the new land distribution for example land allocation to IDPs includes the name of the man and the woman household heads rather than just the male so briefly that's just two things but we have some materials that you can see online as well that we've published on these issues so please do look at them thanks OK thank you Evelyn just very briefly then I'm afraid we're going to have to close because our time is up if anyone else if Johanna would like to answer others you can please write in the chat I believe you'll be able to share that with everyone so please put a brief answer or share resources in there as well thanks Evelyn just very briefly thank you Yes thank you I'd also love to just add on the voices particularly for Uganda we've supported first of all the government to develop agenda and land strategy here we've shown the government how to incorporate the rights the HLP rights of women in land management and it has been adopted by the government and the different actors use it but specifically for our projects we use the agenda evaluation criteria which is a tool both by the global land tool network on how to involve more people into being gender sensitive and gender responsive in the project for example just one example initially when we were starting we ruled out that we issued the applications but only made had applied for the certificates of customary ownership but we recalled them did a sensitisation showed them the importance of having women and children included on these certificates and you would be surprised by the numbers that came out it was really overwhelming, men understood it and for example in Butalegia we have over 80% of joint ownership on the titles thank you thank you Evelyn, I'm afraid we're going to have to draw it to a close I'm really pleased to pass to my colleague from UN Habitat Eleanor Serpi who's going to do our closing and just thanks for me over to you Eleanor thank you Jim well as we reached the conclusion of our virtual session I want to express our appreciation to all our presenters for their work and for today's insightful presentation as well as our production team and all the presenters who made this session possible and of course to our great moderator Jim I would like to take this opportunity to reiterate the HLP-OR commitment to address the issues and the centrality of house land and property rights to achieve durable solution for displacement affected communities and related protection objectives I would also like to draw your attention to the multistake holder HLP pledge that has been developed in partnership by UNHCR, UN Habitat and NRC in the occasion of the Global Refugee Forum you will find some additional information about it in the chat please review it, this is practical opportunity for all of us to contribute to the HLP work and to address HLP challenges if you would like to learn more on how to engage with the HLP-OR please visit our website or reach out directly to our co-ordinator Jim and Umbreza again, all information in the chat I wish you all a good day, afternoon and evening depending on where you are and thank you again for participating, bye bye