 Abstract, type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM, is characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species, ROS, accumulation in pancreatic beta cells, leading to their eventual destruction and insulin deficiency. Current treatments focus on improving quality of life and self-care, but drugs targeted at reducing beta cell death are lacking. To address this issue, researchers propose a novel approach based on selenium nanodots CENS, which are pro-drugs of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1, GPX1. CENS not only scavenge ROS effectively, but also deliver selenium specifically to beta cells to increase GPX1 levels and thus boost the cell's natural antioxidant defense system. This strategy has been shown to be more effective than the current first-line drug metformin in rescuing beta cells from ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and therefore holds great promise as a new therapeutic option for T2DM patients. This article is authored by Cheong-Wong, Ziruan Lu, Yu-Rong Yang, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.