 Best greens of the time, this is Mr. Seshkan B. Gosavi, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Valchan Institute of Technology, Sulapur, presenting before you an online educational resource on coordinates of points on ground from one position of total station. The learning outcomes of this session are, at the end of this session, the learner will be able to measure coordinates of the points on ground from one position of total station and the learners will be able to explain advantages and limitations of this method. As usual, whenever we are using total station, the first thing that you will have to do is do the temporary adjustments. As we have already seen, the temporary adjustment in case of the total station consists of setting up, centering, leveling and focusing. Just like the theodolite, the centering and leveling are done simultaneously. Setting up consists of setting the tripod and fixing the instrument at the top of it. The centering is done with the help of either plumb or with the help of laser and leveling is done initially by using the circular bubble tube and then by using the plate bubble tube. Digital bubble tube is also sometimes used. For focusing of the instrument, we can use the focusing screw or in some of the instrument, the focusing is autofocus type. One of the most important temporary adjustments of total station is orientation. The orientation can be done with the help of magnetic compass to begin with and it can be carried forward with the help of OCCBS and in many cases it can be done by using the resection method. However, in this exercise which is done from a single station, we may not be needing the use of resection method of orientation of total station. What is the aim of this exercise? This exercise is supposed to, this session is supposed to discuss the procedure of determining the coordinates of the points on above or beneath the surface with the help of total station from a single location. What are the coordinates? The coordinates which are normally returned by the total station are in the form of northern, easting and zenith distance. Just like Cartesian coordinates are x, y and z, in a similar way the geodetic coordinates in case of the total station will be northern, easting and zenith distance. This northern and easting are representing the horizontal plane and zenith distance is discussing regarding the vertical planar measurements. So any z are very, very popular formats of the coordinates which are collected by using the total station. You can see a beautiful presentation of a tripod on the top of which the total station is fixed. From the bottom of this tripod, a plumbab may be suspended and one can visualize whether the plumbab is standing exactly above the peg on the ground or pin on the ground or not. In some of the cases there will be a laser beam which will be ejecting out from the bottom and it will be exactly pointing to the point vertically below the instrument and the pin should be exactly at that location. This is another specific case of accessory which is needed in case of the with reflected total stations. This particular target is consisting of a prism at the center as you can see and here is a holder. One can keep this tryback and adapter on the ground or one can put it on the top of a tripod. In many cases this particular prism can also be kept on the top of a rod. Using it with the tripod is most often essential particularly in case of the backside readings or in case of maybe resection method of plane tables sorry sorry total station survey. How exactly this procedure is run? The procedure is run by carrying out temporary adjustments to begin with. Then one has to go to the onboard program software with topcon kind of instruments. The top serve is the kind of onboard software which is provided by them with every company like Sokya may be having different like your Trimble may be having different and so on and so forth. So every company may have their own onboard software. Then we have to create new file just like your window based instrument here also we need to create a new file and give some file name. You can give a lot of information relevant to this particular file like who has created it or which date it is created, what exactly is the area under survey etc etc. Then one has to go to the functions or programs and select OCC BS setup. OCC stands for occupied station and BS stands for backside. Enter input data such as name of OCC station, height of instrument, height of target and coordinates of occupied station. These all are needed to be given as a mandatory field in addition to this you can give a lot of data if required which may enhance the quality of the work and references associated with that. You can select appropriate function of orientation by azimuth method and you can press enter. When you do these particular things the given coordinate of occupied station will be associated with the instrument station and then if you have bisected a particular point or rod in the northern direction its direction will also be taken for orientation and height of instrument and height of target will also be picked up by the instrument. In eighth step we are going to select the function as observations. So we have shifted by giving the fundamental data in the OCC BS setup and now we are in the function of observations. Keep the target on station whose coordinates are needed. The target may be reflector. In reflector less instruments we can directly look to the respective object. Now we have to bisect and give input information to the given data and we have to press enter. After this we have to repeat for all required stations wherever the reflector will be held thereafter. When we do all these particular things we have to save the file. In many instruments in majority of the instrument save can be by default but it is always recommended that instead of relying on to the autosave function you be alert enough to save the things. Please pause the video for a while and answer following questions. Which program is useful for determining the coordinates of points on ground? I have given four options standard measurements onboard software both of these and none of these. Of course there is a second question which function is useful for determining the coordinates of points on ground. OCC BS observations both of these and none of these are the options given to you. Thin for a while and give your answers. The solutions to these particular questions will be as you can see in the first case standard measurements as well as onboard software both the things are needed in this particular whole progress. I mean for determining coordinates of the points on ground you can work with the standard measurements also. I forgot to tell you in the earlier discussions that there are two options one can go with the standard measurements and one can go with the software which is onboard. So both the options are available you can use any one of them or you can use both of them. The answer of the second question is which function is useful for determining the coordinates of points on ground? Of course to begin with we have to give the initial data with OCC BS setup and once the initial data is given to it then we can go on collecting the data corresponding to rest of the points on the ground by holding the reflector or prism or prism rod at several locations all along the ground. Once this is done the job will be over which indirectly means that in such a case we have to use OCC BS as well as observation. So option C will be the correct answer for the second question while in the first question either standard measurements or onboard software you can use. For doing this particular job of online educational resource I have used Serving for Engineers by Uren Prince and another authentic reference which I have used is Elementary Serving and Introduction to Geometrics by C. D. Ghilani and P. R. Wolf. I am sure you must have found all the information given into this particular online educational resource useful for building your conceptual understanding of coordinates from a single location. Thank you very much.