 أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين بارئ الخلاق أجمعين باعث الأنبياء والمرسلين ثم الصلاة والسلام على خير خلقه العبد المؤيد والرسول المسدد حبيبي إله العالمين أبي القاسم المصطفى محمد الله أهل بيته الطيبين الطاهرين وصحابته المنتجبين صلى الله عليك يا رسول الله صلى الله عليك يا سيدي ويا مولا يا رحمة الله الواسعان جاء ويا عبرتا يدكر بلا يا ليتناي تنادتي فنفو أضي أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم ثانية إثنين إذ هما في الغا تحزن لا تحزن فأنزل الله سكي صلى الله علي محمد وآله محمد ثانية إثنين ثانية إثنين ثانية إثنين ثانية إثنين ثانية إثنين كما كان الشيء المسلم ينظر في الإسلام as the first usurper The first to violate the rights of the family of the Messenger of Allah The first man to create a division amongst the Muslims The first person to create a fitna in this Ummah This controversial figure that all Muslims have disagreed upon Sunni and Shi'a Muslims is none other than Abu Bakr The companion of Rasulullah صلى الله عليه و آله And the father of Rasulullah صلى الله عليه و آله In March of 2013 I gave a lecture in the United Kingdom under the title of a biography of Omar ibn al-Khattab And that lecture required a sequel and tonight comes the sequel the biography of Abu Bakr We will to the best of our ability as the tradition with our previous lectures We will remain unbiased and objective And whatever we mentioned tonight on the life of Abu Bakr On his life stories from cradle to grave An analysis of the stages of his life before Islam, after Islam Before the death of Rasulullah and after the death of Rasulullah When he became the apparent Khalifa As we give this analysis we will stick to Sunni sources and only Sunni sources Nothing that we will mention tonight regarding the life of Abu Bakr will be from Shi'a sources Of course if we wanted to mention Shi'a sources it will be a different sort of discussion And the discussion will be a lot longer Tonight we will only stick to the Sunni sources And what Sunni authors had to say about Abu Bakr I ask my brothers and sisters my dear viewers my dear listeners To keep an open mind and open heart with attentive tears With attentive ears hopefully no tears And as the Quran says الذين يستمعون القولة يتبعون أحسنة Believers they listen to what others have to say and then they choose the best Thus hopefully our dear brothers and sisters will keep an open mind and an open heart And we will as we promise to remain as objective and unbiased as possible If credit is due we will give credit when credit is due And we will show the truth based upon Sunni sources and authors Only and we ask Allah ﷻ to help us in this aim and objective With the blessings of Allah ﷻ His name, his birth, his lineage and his titles Abu Bakr His name is Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafa His name is Abdullah One of the names that historians, the most famous name that historians have mentioned him Is Abdullah Other names that have been mentioned is Ateeg Abdul Ka'ba These are some of the names that have been ascribed to Abu Bakr But yet his most famous name according to historians is Abdullah ibn Abi Quhafa His father Abu Quhafa That's his title his name is Uthman Uthman ibn Amr His mother Abu Bakr's mother As some historians mentioned Is Salma bint Sakh ibn Amr This name has been given for his mother There's another name that has been mentioned Salma bint Sakh ibn Amr Would be Abu Quhafa's cousin That means if Salma is his mother That means his parents were cousins However there's another name mentioned for his mother And that is Layla According to some historians Namely Ibn Al-Athir in Usd Al-Ghaba This is not from a Shi'i source I repeat this is not from a Shi'i source This is from a well-known Sunni source Usd Al-Ghaba في معرفة الصحابة By Ibn Al-Athir He says that if Layla is his mother The mother of Abu Bakr Layla was the niece of Abu Quhafa Was the niece of his father Not his cousin but his niece This is according to Usd Al-Ghaba For those that don't take my word for it In fact I tell my listeners don't take my word for it I urge you either as you're listening to me Or when you go back home Or when you listen to this lecture online Google the information that I say And hopefully you will find that What we are saying is accurate According to the Sunni Books and sources His birth Abu Bakr was born Three years after عام الفيل The year of the elephant That makes him three years younger than whom Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم Because Rasulullah was born The year of the elephant عام الفيل Abu Bakr was born three years after Approximately 573 AD His nickname Is Abu Bakr His name is عبد الله بن أبي قحافة His nickname his Kuniya Is Abu Bakr His title Historically has been called الصديق Abu Bakr الصديق Why is he called الصديق Well what does الصديق mean The one who believes The one who trusts and believes Why was he called this According to ابن الأثير And أسد الغابة He narrates from عائشة That when Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم Came back from المعراج From the night journey None of his Sahaba were with him He came and he told the story to his Sahaba The first to believe him According to this narration Is Abu Bakr He believed Rasulullah Regarding his night journey Even though he did not witness it Hence Rasulullah called him الصديق The believer The one who believes The one who trusts However When we read Kitab الإصابة في معنفة الصحابة By the famous Sunni Staunch Sunni He tells us that this title A صديق Belong to someone else Not Abu Bakr This is a Sunni source He narrates from Rasulullah صلى الله عليه وسلم That Rasulullah stated That after me I will translate it into English Because we have a lot of content to cover tonight Thus I will only translate it to English That after me There will be a great fitna And I urge you To hold on to علي ابن عبي طالب فإذا كان ذلك فألزموا علي ابن عبي طالب Why? Because he was the first to believe In me And he will be the first To shake my hand on the day of judgment وهو الصديق الأكبر وهو فاروق هذه الأمة From this hadith We know that the title is أب أصديق Who does it really belong to And the title of الفاروق Who is given to someone else Who does it really belong to وهو يعسوب المؤمنين This is in كتاب الأصابة في معرفة الصحابة By ابن حجر العسقلاني A Sunni to the bone He mentions this hadith That the title الصديق Belongs to علي ابن عبي طالب The first to convert This is one of the qualities That has been mentioned About أبو بكر ابن عبد البر In his famous book في معرفة الأصحاب Mentioned that أبو بكر Was the first man To convert to Islam And the first man To pray behind رصور الله This is what ابن عبد البر Mentioned in Why does he say the first man Because there was someone else before him That was علي ابن عبي طالب And there was someone else As well خديج علي السلام But because They need to give him a virtue He has to be the first Something He can be the first to convert Because everyone agrees The first to convert Was أمير المؤمنين علي ابن عب طالب No one questions that Sunni and Shia And everyone agrees That خديجة also beat أبو بكر To the conversion to Islam So he needs a virtue What is that virtue The first man To convert to Islam The first male adult To convert to Islam Okay However We see that there are Some Sunni historians I'm not talking about Shia Tonight let's put the Shia aside Tonight we have nothing to do With Shia historians Or Shia scholars Let's put them aside Some His Sunni historians Contest this view That أبو بكر Was the first man To convert to Islam There are some Sunni historians That I say He was not the first He was not the second He was not the third He was not even the tenth According to أطبري The famous historian ابن جرير أطبري أطبري States that أبو بكر Was the fiftieth Five zero To convert to Islam Fifteenth You have an issue with this Take it on the Don't take it on Don't take it on أطبري was not a Shia He was not a Shia scholar In fact He was the Imam Of a Sunni madhab Of a Sunni school of thought Just like أبو حنيفة المالك شافعي أحمد بن حمبل أطبري had his own فقهي School of thought This is his opinion That أبو بكر Was the fiftieth Person to convert Also أطبري And ابن ماجه The famous ابن ماجه They narrate That أمير المؤمنين علي ابن أبي طالب Had said Had stated صليت قبل الناس بسبع سنين That I prayed before everyone else Of course I prayed before everyone else Seven years Before seven Before others Seven years Before others prayed I prayed Seven years That's a big That's a long time Where was أبو بكر Within these seven years When did he come When did he come and pray ابن عبد البر Claims that أبو بكر Was the first to pray إمام علي عليه السلام Says I was I prayed before others By seven years This is ابن ماجه And أطبري صلى الله عليه وسلم أحمد و أحمد Now Our Sunni brothers and sisters One of the When they speak of أبو بكر The first quality The first merit The first virtue That they mention about him Is that he was with رسول الله In Where The cave He was the companion Of رسول الله In the cave Now Let's Let's say that Indeed it was أبو بكر Because there are Some Shi'a historians That say It was a man By the name of أبو بكر But it was not Or someone else But let's put this aside Let's For argument's sake Accept that It was In the cave With رسول الله Let's take this And let's Agree رسول الله عليه وسلم عليه وسلم His life was in danger He was about to be assassinated The last night That he was in Mecca Hence he left And who slept in his place علي أبنى بيطالب He slept in his In his bed And he left When he left He met أبو بكر And they walked together And they headed towards A mountain جبل الثور And they went into a cave Because the مشركين They came behind them Behind رسول الله They wanted to kill رسول الله They went into the cave Everyone knows the famous story Of the cave And how the cave was covered With a spider's web And so on And so forth They remained in the cave For three days We all accept this Allah reveals a verse Regarding this story إلا تنصروه فقد نصروه الله If you don't support him Allah speaks to the مشركين Of Mecca If you do not support him We supported him إذا أخرجه الذين كفروا ثانية أثنين رسول الله Was one of two ثانية أثنين إدهما في الغاري إذ يقولوا لصاحبه لا تحزن رسول الله was one of two Who was the second رسول الله And Abu Bakr They were in the cave إذ يقولوا لصاحبه The Prophet tells his companion Do not be sad They say see Allah says in the Holy Qur'an That Abu Bakr is the companion Of رسول الله Which other companion Has this mirror Which other companion Of رسول الله Has this virtue That Allah attests Testifies That he's a companion Of رسول الله إذ يقولوا لصاحبه The Prophet tells his companion Do not be sad لا تحزن Allah is with us إن الله معنا Allah is with us That means Allah is with the Prophet And with Abu Bakr And the Prophet is showing compassion To Abu Bakr By telling him Do not be sad That means the Prophet cares for him Otherwise Why would he tell him Do not be sad فأنزر الله و سكينته علي الله brought down calmness And peace upon whom علي Upon the one that was sad Meaning whom Abu Bakr Allah brought down peace And tranquility upon Abu Bakr Does it get better than this? A bunch of mirrors So one He's the companion of رسول الله إذ يقولوا لصاحبه The Quran testifies Two The Prophet sympathizes with him He shows him sympathy He shows him compassion لا تحزن Number three Allah is with him إن الله معنا The Prophet tells him That Allah is with us And number four فأنزر الله و سكينته علي الله reveals his Brings down his peace And tranquility upon Abu Bakr Now this is What our Sunni brothers And sisters say When speaking About the virtues And merits Of Abu Bakr Now they answer Yes إذ يقولوا لصاحبه The Prophet Tells his companion The Quran Calls Abu Bakr's companion صاحبه What does صاحب actually mean? The word صاحب Has been mentioned In the Quran Numerous times And when it is used And the Quran It is used as mate Someone's mate Mate When you have a mate إذ يقولوا لصاحبه Abu Bakr is the Prophet's mate Is this a virtue? Not necessarily Because in the Quran صاحب has been used Many times In the meaning of mate And not necessarily In a positive sense And not necessarily In a negative sense For example The Quran tells us about Yusuf Prophet Yusuf When he was in jail When he was in prison There were people in prison With him That were مشركين They did not even believe in Allah Prophet Yusuf Was speaking to them What does he call them? يا صاحبي السجن يا صاحبي السجن يا صاحبي السجن يا رباب متفرقون خيرا من الله وحد القهار He calls them my mates My mates And they were polytheists They were مشركين So just by saying إذ يقولوا لصاحبه He's talking to his mate It doesn't entail anything It doesn't prove that he's a believer It doesn't prove that he's a مشرك either It's just that he's his mate And has absolutely no virtue In another verse الله سم تعالى Tells us of two people A believer And a non believer Having a discourse Having a dialogue The believer قال له صاحبه واهو يحاوره أكفرت بالذي خلقك من تراب من نطفة ثم سواك رجلى The believer speaks To the non believer The Qur'aan says He speaks to his mate The صاحبه قال له صاحبه فهي مساعدة تقريبا ويضعها بشكل خطأ هل تكون هناك قطعة؟ أنه يكون صاحب هل تكون هناك قطعة؟ لا يمكنك أن تضع شيء لا يمكنك أن تضع شيء لا يمكنك أن تضع أي مرحل أو قطعة الله سبحانه وتعالى يخبرنا الناس المكة الذين ينقذون الذين ينقذون يخبرونهم أنك صاحبك ما أول لصاحبكم وما أغوى أنك صاحبك يعني رسول الله لن يذهب أسدري ما ظل لصاحبكم أنك صاحبك even though they are مشركين and he is a believer رسول الله is a mu'min and they are مشركين but they are mates فهي قرآن tells us that two mates one could be a believer one could be a mushrik doesn't necessarily mean that the two mates have to be both believers or both on the same level I'm not trying to say that Abu Bakr is a disbeliever I'm not trying to say this but doesn't necessarily mean that he has virtue or merits just from this word إذا يقول لصاحبه no this is from the Quran I'm not mentioning any hadith from the Quran this is one two إذا يقول لصاحبه لا تحزن they say a Rasool الله showing compassion to Abu Bakr that means he has to be of good stage on a good level that Rasool الله is showing him compassion he is telling him do not be sad well question being sad was it a virtue or was it a vice if it's a virtue why is Rasool الله telling him don't be sad if it's a virtue he should be sad Rasool الله is telling him لا تحزن do not be sad so it can't be a virtue if it's a virtue Rasool الله would not forbid him from holding that virtue hence it must be a vice this is the verse works against them the verse not only does not show virtue perhaps it shows vice and why would Abu Bakr have sadness they say he was sad for Rasool الله because he was afraid that they will attack and Rasool الله will be killed they say there was no one else it was only the prophet Abu Bakr how do you know that he was sad for Rasool الله were you inside his heart to know that he was sad or he feared he had fear for Rasool الله there was no one else there let's be objective how do you know that he was sad for Rasool الله how do you know that he was not sad for himself he was afraid of being killed and that's natural no one would blame him for being scared because he was about to be attacked by the مشركين Rasool الله is telling him لا تحزن do not be sad how is this a virtue how is this a virtue if not a vice ان الله معنا الله is with us they say this is a virtue because Rasool الله is telling him that Allah is with us Allah is with me and with you hence Allah is with Abu Bakr so this is a virtue Allah is with us yes ان الله معنا in this duo because who is in this duo Rasool الله is in this duo رسول الله is in this a group of two hence Allah is with them take Rasool الله out of this group what do you have ان الله معنا because Rasool الله is there this is one possibility another possibility is that Rasool الله is speaking of himself ان الله معنا he is actually saying ان الله معي Allah is with me but Rasool الله is speaking in plural sense in plural terms and this is not new a lot of times Rasool الله would speak in plural he would not speak in singular Allah speaks in plural sometimes not in singular اننا نحن نزل نذكر اننا نهل we have revealed the remembrance so Rasool الله could be speaking in plural not in singular this doesn't prove anything this doesn't prove any sort of virtue for Abu Bakr and Allah we brought down his calmness and tranquility فأنزر الله سكينته علي upon whom Allah revealed his serenity and peace and tranquility upon whom let's read the continuation of the verse وعيده بجنود لم ترواها and he supported him with troops that he could not see meaning with angels who did Allah support Rasool الله if the second part of the verse is talking about Rasool الله so the first part of the verse should be talking about whom Rasool الله as well why did they why did they switch things around and say that it was revealed about Abu Bakr the verse is very clear that it's talking about Rasool الله فأنزر الله سكينته عليه وعيده بجنود لم ترواه he brought down his peace and tranquility upon him and he supported him with troops that he could not see obviously the verse is talking about Rasool الله صلى الله عليه واله you might say but and this is what they say but Rasool الله was not scared so why would Allah bring down his peace and tranquility upon him the answer is he doesn't need to be scared Allah brings his peace and blessings and tranquility and calmness upon Rasool الله at all times he doesn't need to be scared and another verse where Rasool الله was not scared Allah brought down his peace and tranquility أنزل الله سكينته وعلى رسوله وعلى المؤمنين وأنزله جنودا لم ترواه this is another verse Allah brought down his peace and tranquility upon the prophet he doesn't need to be scared so where's the virtue where's the merit in this verse this is if we want to stop here we could go further to prove that it's not just a virtue not only it's not a virtue but it could be used as a vice but I don't want to let's press some breaks here صلى الله عليه وسلم وعلى رسوله وعلى المؤمنين المؤمنين يتكلم أن أبو باك came and proposed تفعطمت الزهراء عليها السلام يأتي and proposed so did أمر and they were both denied they were both rejected and Rasool الله gave them an excuse what was the excuse أنها صغيرة she's too young الحاكم النيسابوري in his المستدرك على الصحيح he mentions this أبو باك to propose to Rasool الله for his daughter فاطمة he was denied while إمام علي عليه السلام proposed to فاطمة الزهراء he was accepted he was not denied and this is in Sunni traditions and sources his courage and battle when we study the life of أبو باك we know that Rasool الله صلى الله عليه وسلم fought over 80 battles over 80 battles there were many that were killed many were wounded and there were some from the side of Rasool الله they were also killed they were also wounded and there were some that killed others like إمام علي عليه السلام إمام علي there's a whole list of the مشركين and the evil doers that he killed now when we read history history books from Sunni and Shi'a sources but I'm talking about Sunni sources I wanted to find a single name a single person that was killed at the hands of أبو باك in the battles of Rasool الله I did not find a single name no one was killed at the hands of أبو باك no one and I challenge anyone to come and mention one name one person that was killed at the hands of أبو باك not a single name in Sunni sources not a single name no one was killed where was he in the battles where was he in the battles was he in the forefront was he in the offensive was he in the defensive where was he in the battles he was not seen in the battles now of course this is quite embarrassing when Sunni scholars they see this they have to find a mirror some sort of courage for أبو باك so they thought of something and they mentioned in their books that أبو باك was in the عرش what was the عرش he was protecting the tent of رسول الله he was not in the battle but he was standing along with others carrying a weapon protecting the tent of رسول الله and they say this is courageous because the tent of رسول الله it could have been under attack the مشركين could have attacked رسول الله at any minute and أبو باك was showing courage was showing bravery by protecting the tent of رسول الله now I ask you when you have عالي ابنة بالطالب in the battlefield fighting with the مشركين ever reached the tent of رسول الله when they dare reached the tent of رسول الله when you have عالي ابنة م探 بماء in the battlefield where is the courage in this when you have عالي ابنة بالطالب when you know that عالي ابنة بالطالب is in the forefront of the battle which مشرك will dare reach the tent of رسول الله to guard the tent of رسول الله هل هذا مرحب؟ هل هذا مرحب؟ هل هذا مرحب؟ لا أعلم الجاحظ، سني سكالر في خلاصة خلاصة القتاب العثمانية يجعله أسكيوزه، لماذا لم يكن أبو باك في الموضوع؟ يقول أن أبو باك كانت مثل رسول الله كانت على الموضوع وموضوع رسول الله رسول الله كان مرحبا لم ياقب الوطن مثل مجددا كونك وملعون يجبون على من فتحه وأفضلون يأخذون بداية لكنهم لا يقبون أحد هذه هي بطريقة فهما رسول الله لم ياقبون للوطن لأنه يجب أن يكون مرحبا أبو باك كان أيضا مرحبا لذلك كانت تنضر مساعدة أنه قلته من الوطن who told you that Rasulullah did not enter the battle Rasulullah would enter the battlefield just like any other soldier you think that Rasulullah would stand outside the battlefield and watch his followers fall and fight and get wounded and get injured while he sat and watched Rasulullah would fight just like any other soldier in fact in this verse regarding the battle of Hunain اث تصعدون ولا تلوون على احد والرسول يدعوكم في اخركم and the battle of Hunain the companions they fled they ran away and Rasulullah is in the middle of the battlefield he is calling them come back Rasulullah is behind them they ran and Rasulullah is behind them meaning where? he is in the battlefield you tell me Rasulullah did not fight Rasulullah was in the front he would always fight in the front lines and the battles امام عليه السلام says that at times of difficulty at war when things got really heated in the battle we would come and stand behind Rasulullah Rasulullah would protect us we wouldn't protect him, he would protect us Rasulullah would carry his sword and enter the battlefield you tell me that Rasulullah did not fight and Abu Bakr was like Rasulullah he shouldn't fight Rasulullah would fight number two Rasulullah is the leader even if let's say he didn't fight Rasulullah is the leader if he didn't fight because people wanted to kill him his life was in danger who wanted to kill Abu Bakr who wanted to kill Abu Bakr no one wanted to kill Abu Bakr even Hind the mother of Mu'awiya at the battle of Uhud when she told Wahshi she gave Wahshi three options to kill Ali ibn Abi Talib or Rasulullah or whom or whom Hamza he couldn't kill Rasulullah he couldn't kill Ali ibn Abi Talib he killed Hamza did she mention the name of Abu Bakr who wanted to kill Abu Bakr in these battles no one so these are silly excuses these are silly excuses as for the battle of Khaybar in the battle of Khaybar الطباراني well-known Sunni scholar in his مجمع الزوائد القاغي الإيجي in his book المواقف they mentioned that in the battle of Khaybar on the first day Rasulullah gave the banner to Abu Bakr he told them to enter the battlefield Abu Bakr went in came back يجبنو أصحابه ويجبنوه meaning he calls them cowards and they call him a coward he tells them you're cowards they tell him you're a coward now we're cowards you're a coward this isn't Sunni Sunni sources and then the next day Rasulullah said عمر couldn't do anything couldn't do anything same thing يجبنو أصحابه يجبنو he calls them cowards they call him a coward finally Rasulullah at night he told them لأعط يدن راية زدن رجلن I will give this banner to a man to a man now when does this mean to you I'll let you analyze and interpret this isn't Bukhari this isn't Muslim this isn't Musnad أحمد أبن حمبل they mentioned this exact for the Rasulullah said I will give the banner to a man لأعط يدن راية زدن راية رجلن يحب الله ورسوله he loves Allah and his messenger ويحبه الله ورسوله and Allah and his messenger also love him they also love him يفتح الله على يديه ليس بفرار and Allah will bring victory on his hand the next day he called on يبن هبي طالب صلى الله عليه وسلم وحمده وعلم so when we examine his courage we're trying to be objective here when we examine the courage of Abu Bak when we look at Badr the battle of Badr there's nothing in the battle of Uhud he ran away with all the other Sahaba and this all historians agree about that all the Sahaba ran away in the battle of Badr except five one of them was a female one of them was a female and there were four men one of them was Ali bin Abi Talib the rest they all ran away in the battle of Khanda he had no wall and the battle of Khaybar we saw he came back with that victory they called him a coward and they called him a coward and the battle of Hunain he ran away with the rest of the companions so where's the courage where's the bravery where's the bravery صورة براءة when صورة براءة was revealed that year رصور الله صلى الله عليه وعاله سنت أبو بك تبي أمير الحج to be the leader of Hajj that year we accept this this is a historic fact the رصور الله سنت أبو بك تبي أمير الحج to be the leader of the Muslims at Hajj then صورة البراءة was revealed صورة البراءة or صورة توبة it shows the new relationship between the Muslims and the Kuffar after the conquest of Mecca now Muslims controlled Mecca it was no longer in the hands of Quraish it was no longer in the hands of the polytheists and the pagans it was in the hands of Muslims now they have the upper hand Allah dictated new rules to the مشركين one of them for example that مشركين can no longer enter Mecca to enter Mecca you have to be a Muslim two to perform tawaf previously the Arab they would perform tawaf nude they wouldn't wear anything now they have to wear clothing and other rules رصور الله صلى الله عليه وعاله سنت عالي ابن أبي طالب with صورة براءة and the message to Mecca to deliver the message on the day of Arafa and Arafa in Mecca in front of all the Muslims for Aali Ibn Abi Talib to deliver the message and in the سيرة ابن أسحاق and in the سيرة ابن هشام these two well-known historians the best historians on the life of رصور الله ابن أسحاق and ابن هشام they narrate that some people told رصور الله why don't you tell Abu Bakr to deliver the message now that he's أمير الحاج he's the one who is the leader of Hajj let him deliver the message he said no لا يؤدي عني إلا رجل من أهل بيتي no one can deliver the message unless it's someone from my family from my family has to deliver the message this is in سيرة ابن أسحاق and in سيرة ابن هشام what does this tell you if he was not capable of delivering a message to the kafar instead رصور الله سنت علي ابن أبي طالب if he was not capable of sending a message delivering a message he's capable of ليرشب لخلافة let's analyze these you know when I see Sunni historians they mention these facts they mention them without analysis without contemplation without thinking over these facts these historical facts that why did رصور الله refused to send him with with سورة البراع instead he sent علي ابن أبي طالب why because he was biased towards his cousin or because he felt that one of them is not capable and the other is capable if you're not capable of delivering the message of براع are you capable of ruling after رصور الله صلى الله عليه وسلم isn't this a sign during the last days of the prophet's life رصور الله قمت بخلاله to join the army of أسامة ابن زيد he ordered the طاب صحابة to join the army of أسامة بن زيد and amongst those طاب صحابة were أبو بكر وير البخاري مسلم ابن ماجه and others well-known سني sources they will mention that أبو بكر وير عمر were ordered to join that army أسامة بن زيد they refused they didn't join the army رصور الله came out why haven't you joined the army of أسامة again they did not join جهزو جيشة أسامة set out the army of أسامة again it was neglected to the point that رصور الله came out to his mask and he wasn't feeling well this has been mentioned in شرح المواقف and نحل by أشارستاني these are all سني sources these are all سني sources he came out and he said لعن الله من تخلف عن جيشة أسامة may Allah curse those who do not join the army of أسامة this is الملل ونحل by أشارستاني this is شرح المواقف two well-known سني سني sources yes you will not find this in بخاري you will not cursing those that do not join the army of أسامة so obviously some authors will not put this in their books بخاري will not put this مسلم will not put this but ألشارستاني ونحل he put it شرح المواقف he put it in his book رصور الله curse those that did not join the army of أسامة بن زيد you be the judge among the merits that have been mentioned for Abu Bakr that our many brothers and sisters have mentioned is that on the on the final day of رصور الله's life رصور الله ordered Abu Bakr to lead the صلاة to lead the morning prayer they say this is a the merits this is a virtue for Abu Bakr and since he ordered him to pray to lead جماعة and he did not remove him that means he should continue and whoever is more most qualified to lead the جماعة is more qualified to lead the Muslim أمة right so they say this is one of the biggest proof for the إيمام for the leadership of Abu Bakr last year during محرم exactly during these nights I gave a lecture on this topic did Abu Bakr lead the صلاة for those of you that are interested tonight when you go back home look it up on YouTube did Abu Bakr lead the صلاة I reached the following conclusion that we cannot accept those narrations there's numerous narrations that Abu Bakr we cannot accept them why? number one they contradict one another one narration says رسول الله got up and he came and he stood behind Abu Bakr he prayed behind Abu Bakr another narration says that he stood next to him another narration says that he stood in front of him well which one of them got up we don't know they contradict two why did رسول الله drag himself out of his house when he heard the voice of Abu Bakr praying he dragged himself out with the help of ابن عباس and Imam Ali they carried him and he came to the Masjid Wain if he had ordered Abu Bakr to pray why did he do so why did he drag himself and come and pray number three why did رسول الله scold his wife عائشان حفص he said لصوي حباة يوسف why did he scold his wives go listen to that lecture I mentioned the reasons why from some new sources number four رسول الله had ordered Abu Bakr to join the army of Osama bin Zaid how can he order him to lead Salah does رسول الله contradict himself he ordered him to join the army of Osama bin Zaid who should leave leave the city why would he order him to lead Salah that would be a contradiction five five as an analysis we reached a conclusion from those narrations that it was not رسول الله that told Abu Bakr to leave the Salah it was whom it was his daughter عائشان number six even if let's say that رسول الله had ordered Abu Bakr to leave the Salah so what so what رسول الله when he would leave he would ask ابن أبي ابن أم مكتوم ابن أم مكتوم the blind man who will talk about in a couple of nights إن شاء الله he would order him to lead Salah how come no one says that ابن أم مكتوم should be the Imam and should be the Khalifa of رسول الله no one says it didn't رسول الله order him to pray so if رسول الله ordered Abu Bakr to pray so what he would order others to pray number six or number seven I don't know according to our Sunni brothers and sisters that anyone could lead Salah anyone could lead Salah that is why I'm sure you see them at college at university at airports whoever is leading Salah they come and stand and behind them and they pray there's no criteria for the Imam of the Salah even if he's an alcoholic even if he drinks and fornicates you can still pray behind him this is in the Sunni Fiqh they accept this they say صلوا خلف كل بر وفاجر this isn't their Fiqh so what is it a merit let's say hypothetically speaking the رسول الله had told Abu Bakr to pray that doesn't prove anything that doesn't prove any sword of virtue صلى الله عليه وسلم محمد و المحمد رسول الله passed away Abu Bakr came to the Khalifa how did he come did the رسول الله point him did the رسول الله hold his hand اقدير خم انسي من كنت مولاه فهذا أبا بك مولاه in which hadith in which incident in which event did the رسول الله appoint Abu Bakr none and I don't think our brothers and sisters could tell us any event in which رسول الله explicitly appoints Abu Bakr as the Khalifa after him they all agree that Abu Bakr came Abu Bakr came to power through سقيفة at Saqifa Abu Bakr and Omar heard that the Ansar had gathered at Saqifa to Bani Sa'ada and they were about to appoint a Khalifa an Imam from them Abu Bakr and Omar rushed to the scene and I have a lecture on this as well called an analysis of Saqifa it's on YouTube I can't get into a lot of details because I'm restricted on time if you want more details listen to that lecture and an analysis of Saqifa it's on YouTube they rushed to the scene and they're saying that رسول الله had died Omar stands and says who says that رسول الله had died I will he took out his sword and he said I will strike with my sword the one that says that رسول الله has died this is an also new sources الإمامة والسياسة لبن قطيبة and others اطبري he mentions this that Omar began making threats جناسة رسول الله died and then Abu Bakr came and he calmed things down of course they played this role Omar would be the rough the rough one the aggressive and Abu Bakr was the diplomatic the diplomatic politician he came and he said no Omar calm down رسول الله has died indeed he has died and then he said that he whoever of you worshipped رسول الله if you worshipped محمد محمد is dead but if you worshipped الله الله is alive and then he recited this verse وما محمد إلا رسول قد خلت من قبل الرسول أفئن مات أو قتلة انقلبتم على عقابكم he recited this verse they came and they took control of the situation then Abu Bakr he points to Omar and أبي عبيده ابن الجراح أول دون صحابي رسول الله this is an awesome narration in Sunni sources namely الإمام الإمام والسياسة بأبن قتيبة he says لقد راضيت لكم أحدها دين الرجلين I have accepted for you one of these two men تبيده إمام أبو باكر and عبيده and أبي عبيده ابن الجراح but as if someone had asked for his opinion I accept for you I have I accept لقد راضيت لكم أحدها دين الرجل who asked for your opinion he tells them I have chosen for you I have accepted for you one of these two men it was here that عمر ابن الخطاب extended his hand to Abu Bakr he gave him his ba'a Abu Bakr gives him his hand and he gives him his ba'a and then one by one they came and they gave their ba'a to Abu Bakr was this an appointment by رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم is there a verse is there a hadith is there a narration what is there they all agree that it was the appointment came from عمر ابن الخطاب عمر ابن الخطاب gave his allegiance to Abu Bakr and the rest followed whether willingly or unwillingly how many people came to give their allegiance that's another story but the first to give his allegiance was Abu Bakr this is the story of his appointment now the biggest proof that this was done in an unjust way this was done in a way that does not please Allah nor the messenger of Allah the biggest proof that Abu Bakr usurped the خلافة is Abu Bakr himself and Omar now listen to this عمر ابن الخطاب إنسيرة ابن هشام the most prominent the most well known biography of رسول الله by Sunni historian ابن هشام he narrates by Omar Omar was asked that what do you think of the Bay'a of Abu Bakr this was many years later of course many years later what do you think of the Bay'a of Abu Bakr wasn't it a mistake he said yes indeed it was a mistake فلا يغرن مرئون أن يقول إن بيعة أبيبك كانت فلتة فتمت وأنها قد كانت كذلك إن إلا أن الله قد وقع الشرها I don't want to hear anyone to say that the Bay'a the allegiance of Abu Bakr was a mistake indeed it was a mistake it was felta felta is a mistake that you get away with when you pass a red light and no one sees you a police officer didn't see you that's called the felta he says the allegiance of Abu Bakr was a felta it was a mistake but we got away with it however وقل الله شرها الله passed its evil الله made sure that there is no evil that came from this allegiance these are the words of Omar ibn Khattab and Sirat ibn Hisham أبو بكر himself أبو بكر himself after the day of Saqeefa he was recorded saying أما بعد أيها الناس فأني قد وليت عليكم ولست بخيركم أم الناس أصبحتك وصفتك وصفتك وصفتك حقا؟ أصبحتك وصفتك وصفتك هذا فيه أطبقات لبن سعد الإمامة والسياسة لبن قتيبة تاريخ الطبري سيرت ibn Hisham ثم يتبقى أم الله ما أنا بخيركم بألقاء أم ناثب السمانجو ولقد كنت لمقام هذا كارهن و أنا أحب أن أكون أخذتك أنا لم أردت أن أكون أخذتك ولو أددت أن فيكم من يكفيني و أردت أن there was someone else besides me who came to be the leader هذه are his own words and in the same speech he says وعلموا أن لي شيطانني عتريني and know that I have a شيطان that comes to me I have a shaytan يعتريني that comes and deceives me these are in the following sources طبقات ابن ساعد الإمامة والسياسة تاريخ الطبري سيرت ibn Hisham these are not in shea sources these are not in shea sources come and ask me after the lecture I'll be more than happy to show you these sources so many sources he also had stated ووددت أني يوم السقي أني يوم السقي فتبني ساعدة كنت قدت لأمر في عنق أحد الرجلين many years later or towards well, two years later probably before his death he stated that I wish on the day of سقي فأهد not taken this leadership and I had given it to one of the two men which ones عمر أبي عبيده ابن جرح فكان أحده ما أميرا وكنت وزيرا one of them ونبن the amir and I would have been his helper I was a person أساعدها، ثم يقول، ووددت أنني سألت رسول الله لمن هذا الأمر، فلا ينازع أحد، أنا أريد أن أسر رسول الله ومن أنت خليفك؟ now you remember now after you became the Khalifa now you remember that I wish I had asked رسول الله this is in تاريخ الطبري، الإمامة والسياسة والمروج الدهب للمسعودة as for Abu Bakr and Fatima al-Zahra everyone knows their relationship so Abu Bakr 10 days after the death of رسول الله صلى الله عليه و آله he took the land of Fedek from Fatima al-Zahra everyone knows the story of Fedek I don't wish to go into details Fedek was given to Fatima al-Zahra by رسول الله as a gift it was a gift to Fatima al-Zahra she came and told Abu Bakr that this was a gift he said do you have any witnesses she said yes he said he is your husband he is biased he said she is a lady he said there are kids I can't accept their testimonies she said inheritance it's not a gift it's my inheritance she said no because I heard رسول الله say نحن معاشر الأنبياء لا نورث ما تركناه صدقة with the prophets we do not leave inheritance whatever we leave behind is what charity صدقة سبحان الله تقرآن وورث سليمان زكريا فهبلي من لدن كولية يارثني غراميان اير زكريا was a prophet غراميان اير someone to receive my inheritance and سبحان الله no one else has heard this other than Abu Bakr نحن معاشر الأنبياء لا نورث ما تركناه صدقة no one else has heard this other than Abu Bakr what does this tell you when his Sahih narrates the following he narrates that رسول الله had stated ان الله يرضى لرضى فانطمة ويغضبوا يغضبها that Allah has angered for the anger of Fatima and he is pleased for the satisfaction and he is satisfied for the satisfaction of Fatima this is in Bukhari and Bukhari himself states وجدت فانطمة على أبي بكر في ذلك فهجرت فلم تزل مهاجرته حتى توفيت فانطمة الزهراء was dissatisfied with Abu Bakr she was not pleased she was upset at Abu Bakr Bukhari himself narrates that Allah is pleased to the pleasure of Fatima and he is dissatisfied to the dissatisfaction of Fatima and he himself narrates she was upset at Abu Bakr she was upset at Abu Bakr this is in Bukhari until the day that she died صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى الله عليه وسلم ابن هشام سيرت ابن هشام the famous historian in his book he says that a man came to Abu Bakr before the prophet's death he told him give me advice give me advice among the advice the last piece of advice he told him and never be the leader of anyone never be the leader of anyone even if it's one person do not be his leader avoid leadership رصر الله died and who becomes the Khalifa Abu Bakr this same man comes to Abu Bakr رافع يتوظم يا أبا باكر remember the advice that you gave me that do not be the leader of anyone even if it's one person what do I see you today today you became the leader you gave me advice and you did not practice what you preached Abu Bakr and this is in سيرت ابن هشام I told him yes I had to I had no other option you had no other option you have you have so many other Sahaba there were so many others you had no other option he said I feared for the nation of رصر الله I feared for the division of the nation of رصر الله so I became the leader now when Abu Bakr became came to power and he became Khalifa one of the prominent futures about the days of Abu Bakr were the the wars the wars of apostasy they mention historians mention that many people after the death of of رصر الله became apostates they abandoned Islam and they declared war and hence Abu Bakr had to fight these people they had to fight the people that were formerly Muslims but were no longer Muslims in reality these people that are called apostates they had denied to give their zakat to Abu Bakr they had denied to give their zakat when was this a crime to not give your zakat when was not giving zakat a crime punishable you deserve death for not giving zakat when was this did رصر الله ever kill someone for not giving zakat or for denying giving zakat where did we see this in Islamic history just because you don't give your zakat in reality many of these صحابة who refuse to give their zakat you know why they didn't give their zakat because they wanted to give their zakat to the rightful Imam they wanted to give their zakat to the rightful Khalifa when they saw that the rightful Khalifa did not come to power because just less than two months before the death of the Prophet they had seen with their own eyes رصر الله سترأ غدير خوم and appointed someone else عليمنا بطالب now someone else had come to power obviously they're not going to give their zakat they're not going to give their zakat hence they were fine and many of them were killed and the name of and the name of apostasy they had abandoned Islam now one of these innocent men his name was Malik ibn Muaira one of the companions of أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام he had refused to give his zakat to Abu Bakr Abu Bakr sends Khaled ibn al-walid he told them go and get the zakat of Malik ibn al-Waira Khaled ibn al-walid comes to Malik ibn al-Waira he asks them for the zakat he told them I will not give my zakat to Abu Bakr because I do not acknowledge Abu Bakr as my Imam as my Khalifa he tells them okay but I will have to kill you kill me for what for denying zakat he said yes but there was something else to it what was the problem Malik ibn al-Waira had a very beautiful wife and Khaled knew about this Khaled knew that Malik ibn al-Waira had a beautiful wife in fact he had seen her she was known as the most beautiful woman among the Arab when Khaled ibn al-Walid was about to kill Malik ibn al-Waira Malik's wife came out of the tent Khaled saw her Malik looked at his wife and he said you killed me he told his wife you killed me meaning what of course she didn't kill him meaning I am dying because of you he is killing me because of you Khaled ibn al-Walid killed Malik ibn al-Waira this pie is righteous man and then he took his head he chopped off his head he cut off his head he put it on fire like wood and he put a pot on top of his head on the head of Malik ibn al-Waira who does this remind you of the actions of whom ISIS if you are wondering where ISIS learned their barbarism from their aggression from you don't have to look too far it's from these men in history when you reached Abu Bakr that your man Khaled ibn al-Walid this is what he did by the way Khaled ibn al-Walid he killed Malik ibn al-Waira and that same night he had a relationship with his wife he had an illegitimate relationship with his wife knew his riches Abu Bakr Omar was extremely upset he came to Abu Bakr shouting and yelling that you have to punish Khaled ibn al-Walid Abu Bakr said no and he said this he defends Khaled ibn al-Walid now let's come to his personal merits let's come to his knowledge and his narrations how many narrations did Abu Bakr have how many do you think how many narrations do you think Abu Bakr had as Suyuti الحافظ جلال الدين as Suyuti in his book الاتقان he says that out of the four خلفاء علي ابنة بيطالب had the most narrations the other three have very few narrations especially Abu Bakr and he makes a justification and he makes an excuse he says because he didn't live long and the only حديث that I memorized of Abu Bakr only 10 الحافظ as Suyuti he says only 10 أحمد ابن حمبل in his famous book المسند in which he narrates 750,000 narrations only 82 of them are from Abu Bakr or 80 of them are from Abu Bakr 20 of them are repetitive that means how many of them are there's only 60 and مسند أحمد ابن حمبل Abu Bakr only has 60 narrations the صحابي of رسول الله that lived so many years with رسول الله you only mention 60 narrations from رسول الله صلى الله عليه واله ابن الكثير wrote a book called مسند الصديق he gathered all of the narrations of Abu Bakr صديق and he mentions only 72 narrations only that's the only narrations that he had as for his knowledge the knowledge of Abu Bakr during the days of Abu Bakr a thief was brought in his presence one of his hands were already cut off because he was a thief he had stolen before so they came to Abu Bakr and they asked him what should we do Abu Bakr looked at him and he said you know he lost one hand he only has one poor guy don't cut off his hand cut off his feet the Quran says cut off his hands he said cut off his feet صني صورس عمر he told him what are you doing the Quran says cut off the hand of a thief not cut off his his leg many things have been mentioned about his knowledge I don't have time I will not mention the others what about his warship he had a special warship any special supplications any special salah nothing is mentioned about his warship in fact in the book كتاب عمدة التحقيق للعبيدي المالكي عمر ابن الخطاب asked عائشة the daughter of Abu Bakr obviously she should know him the best she says daughter he told her tell me about your father what would he do when he would come back home at night tell me about him at night she told him we never saw Abu Bakr praying at night صلاة الليل صلاة التهجد no nothing of that sort he had no special merit or virtues when it came to warship at night any supplications yes he had one merit in that he would sit and he would think deeply and he would sigh and then smoke would come out of his mouth why because his liver would be on fire it would set on fire his liver would be barbecued this is in Sunni sources they mentioned this as a merit and virtue for Abu Bakr that his liver would be barbecued because of his his worries of his sadness I wonder what he was sad about when he was at the attack on the house of Fatima Tezahara or the taking of the Khilaf of Ali ibn Abi Talib or the abortion of Mohsen the fetus of Fatima Tezahara well these are Shi'a sources we will avoid Shi'a sources tonight let's stick to the Sunni sources I am Abu Bakr ibn Abdullah al-Muzli an narrator an author he says اون كان في قلبه Abu Bakr did not have special merits any special fasting he would fast a lot or pray a lot or worship a lot no it was something in his heart he had special sadness now about his akhlaq and his manners as briefly what were some of his manners al-Bukhari tells us some of his manners al-Bukhari tells us that one day a clan came to visit Abu Bakr and Omar they were both there Abu Bakr chose one of them to lead the delegation Omar chose another one to lead the delegation they got in an argument each one wanted someone else to lead the delegation Abu Bakr started shouting at Omar that you you're only trying to disobey me no you're the one that is trying to disobey me they started shouting in the presence of Rasulullah صلى الله عليه و آله hence the verse was revealed يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا ترفعوا أصواتكم فوق صوت النبي do not raise your voice over the voice of the prophet and the presence of the prophet this verse was revealed regarding Abu Bakr and Omar this is very strange Abu Bakr usually doesn't say things like this but he said it here he said أبو بكر و عمر رفع أصواتهم عند النبي the two righteous men أبو بكر و عمر were about to perish because they raised their voice in the presence of Rasulullah this is the manners these are the manners of أبو بكر and a Sunni source ابن عساكر and his famous book تاريخ دمشق the history of Dimashq he says that Abu Bakr and Aqeel the uncle of Rasulullah they started swearing at each other using foul language swearing at each other سب عقيل ابن أبي طالب و أبو بكر و أكان أبو بكر سبابا أبو بكر و السباب means he would always use foul language means he would always use foul language this was one of his qualities he would always use foul language this is an ابن عساكر في تاريخ دمشق go and look it up you will see this in الخصائص الكبر he says that this event that Abu Bakr and Aqeel they would curse one another he was foul language with one another this was in the presence of Rasulullah Rasulullah saw them heard them and among his matters أخلاق in Sunni sources was that he would drink wine now historians here they disagree was this before the forbidden of alcohol or after because in Islam alcohol was not forbidden from the first day it was forbidden later on so when Abu Bakr drank wine it was forbidden or after they disagree but they all agree that he did drink wine even after converting to Islam ابن حجر in his book he says he said before it was forbidden before it was forbidden before it was forbidden before it was forbidden before it was forbidden Abu Bakr died on the 23rd of Jama'at Al-Ula on the year 13 after Hijrah when he died Omar prayed on his body how did he die and I conclude with this how did he die did he die a natural death or was he assassinated was he poisoned most historians say that he died a natural death however he mentioned that Omar ibn Al-Khatab was poisoned Abu Bakr and Al-Harith ibn Kelda we were eating food together all of a sudden Al-Harith felt that this food is poisoned so he told Abu Bakr stop eating they both stop eating he told them I know this poison this poison will kill us exactly one year you and me will die exactly in a year from now and then he says they died him Abu Bakr and Al-Harith ibn Kelda died on the same exact day Abu Bakr was poisoned but by whom now Sunni historians don't say this they don't even emphasize that Abu Bakr was killed or poisoned they usually say that he died they never say that he was poisoned why because this raises questions who killed Abu Bakr who poisoned him who had interests in getting rid of Abu Bakr who came after him who benefited the most from his death let's analyze and I'll let you take this home with you and analyze this and think about this if Abu Bakr was killed and poisoned who most likely killed him and poisoned him who benefited from his death