 I guess a really small audience actually is a really small computer. They're all set. Try out my little pointer. It's me. And really small computing. I'm going to show you different sizes of test web service. Things that I've used in development when travelling and just when conserving electricity. So, who is the right audience for this? If you as a kid rode your bicycle on a chain-broke or something popped off the brackets and you just went, wahhh! Dad, fix it! You're probably not hands-on. But if you're still there and watched and learn how to do it yourself, you're hands-on. Everybody else, forget it. When should you be looking at this sort of computing? Get someone to give you this for your birthday. If you've got a holiday, you've got a week lying on the beach, nothing to do, perfect toy. When you're grandkids, you want to show them what a computer is. Australia's got a code club for kids, ten years old. In Great Britain, they start programming at eight. So, anywhere power is expensive or it's a limited supply, low-power computing is really good and there's no fan, no noise, which is the principle reason I started looking at completely noiseless computing. What's the small size you can use? That's what I used to use. The only advantage of that is it's got a nice screen. It's the right size screen for me. It's got the battery, it's got everything built in. But what if I want a test server? Do I want to have two of these? I don't know. It used to be the smallest computer for a while, it was open source. People who were electronics hobbyists loved sticking wires into that and writing obscure applications in weird languages and all they did was change the analog signal to a digital and stuck it into the ethernet. I tried using one of those but I'd rather be fixing a chain on a bicycle while hanging off a cliff burning in the sunshine. That's horrible. That's too small. You're trying to fit programs into 20K. Raspberry Pi Model 3. If anyone steals it, it's 61 bucks. Right, so that's got connectivity. We'll talk about that in a minute. Now I'll do the advert for really small computing. If you're finding that too heavy it's a great big monster to lug around. This is what we're working with at the moment. Got a processor chip, same as that. Runs the same software. Got slightly less connectivity. I developed things on that machine. Pull the SD card out, stick it in here. Boom, works. So the big one, not very strong. Big one has four cores. Nice speed. The small one has one core and I'll show you the speed measurements later. It is slow. One gigabyte of memory. You can use any software and not worry about configuration. The smaller one I'll show you some configuration considerations. That's got four USB 2 ports. That's got one. For a lot of applications you end up having to use the USB hub and things like adding in things like that which you might as well start with a three. They both got HDMI, microSD as the system disk. This one's got Ethernet, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. That's why I use it for development because of connectivity. Then I'll switch to the other one. HDMI. This is your USB 2 port for data. It's a USB 2 port for power going in. That's a camera connection. That's your system disk. That's the processor. There's the GPIO pins. If you do want to do a direct electrical connection and you've got the soldering iron sitting around and you haven't used it for years and you want to burn your fingers and smell the fumes and all that sort of stuff you can do stuff up there. Operating system. Raspberry N is the one that everyone uses except masochists. It's based on Debbie and Jessie so it's exactly the same base as your Bantu and everything else you're using. It's got the AlexDE graphical interface because it's really lightweight. It's good support because you've got Debian and Ubuntu and everybody. There's a light version without AlexDE for people who like the command line. You can run Windows, but it's the IoT version so you can't run Word. The only thing I ever want to run in Windows is Microsoft Project application and that doesn't run on that. You can run Arch Linux if you want to start with the absolute smallest and build from scratch. You can run Ubuntu Mate. Ubuntu Mate will run on that device but it's too heavy for this one and there's all these distributions that are built to routers, media interfaces, NAS structures. There's OpenWRT and all these special distributions you can put in. 3B, that's that one. PHP 5, anything you like. For the smaller one, with half a gigabyte, you get very close to using it up fast so start with PHP 7. 3B, you can do anything to match your existing servers. For the zero, you want a lightweight web server. There's all sorts of databases people have successfully used on a 3. On the zero, there are people using MySQL with a small configuration and SQL Lite. I haven't found anybody using anything else. Is it fast enough to be useful? The microSD card, I've done a copy from a super fast SSD to a 100 megabit microSD card. I've got a speed of 20 megabytes per second. So that's about the speed that you get reading writes on the SD card. Buy a medium or high price one to get fast write speeds because all the cards have got fast read speeds but most of them have got very slow write speeds. The USB 2, everything runs off of USB 2 so you've got a speed of 26 megabytes per second for data. The processor, that's a Model 3. Plenty of speed there. It's faster than a lot of notebooks from some things. Now it's a risk chip, not an Intel chip. So some things are the same speed as Intel and some are very slow because instead of using one complex instruction to work on a string, you've got to loop through those tiny little risk instructions. So some things are slower. I'll show you a speed comparison soon. All of the models, there's five model Raspberry Pi's and they're all got the same graphics chip that can play Blu-ray. So if you're playing video, no problems. You wouldn't use it for editing video. And the Ethernet Wi-Fi run off the USB internally. So Ethernet's 100 megabits, not gigabit. And the Wi-Fi is also limited in speed. This is a comparison. I took Aput 2.1 file. It's 12.7 megabytes. I did an extract. On my notebook, it was just under four seconds. On the Pi 3, 37 seconds. On the 0, it was 198 seconds. So if you're going to install stuff, you do that on the Pi 3, you set it all up. Then you stick the card on the 0 with all that sort of stuff already done. The Pi 3 has got an ARM V8 chip, which is 64-bit. And if you run it in 64-bit mode, you get speeds up to twice 32-bit mode. But because the other Raspberry models are 32-bit, they use 32-bit software everywhere, so in a few years they might change cost. There's no fan-wasting electricity. There's very low electricity used. When you're travelling, there's no internet connection cost, so I can sit down at the beach and I can have my notebook and I can have my web server plugged in. No excess baggage charges. Who's going to charge you extra for something that small? Electricity cost per day. It's a spend ascent on the 0. And it's almost ascent a day for the Model 3. Purchase cost, $61 for that one. $13 for the little one. Micro SD cards are the same. This requires a full-size power supply. The other one can run off a USB port. This has got all of this included. If you start configuring the zero up, it can be more expensive than buying a 3 with all the ingredients. I did a project where I needed to reproduce that and I tried to reproduce it on a zero. It was $100 for this. It was $125 for that by the time I added all the extras. So I used one of these. But for a lot of projects, you don't need anything added on, it's useful. The people running weather stations, robots, you stick one of these in your robot. A mirror display. Instead of buying a mirror, you get one-way glass. It's reflecting back at you as a mirror. You put an LCD display behind it. You put your little pie popping up messages. And while you're shaving, you can read stock reports and things like that. You're not actually dragging your blade at that time. The price plummets. Astronauts are using running experiments in the space station for young kids in Great Britain. And they're also using it to monitor their health, doing experiments on health monitoring. People are monitoring beehives, chicken houses, whole houses. You stick one of them somewhere in your house and in each room you stick one of them and you can monitor all sorts of things. Plug the camera in the end. Read number plates. High-altitude balloons. People stick those in because they're so lightweight. So get a Raspberry Pi 3B for your development. You can plug it in everything. And then you just pull a card out the end, that little slot there, plug it into here. Done. That's the fastest card I've used and that's four times faster than what the SD thing will use. So in Sandish you buy anything that's got a U1 speed or a U3. And there's some pretty cheap ones around. You need a 2.5 amp supply for that one. USB 3 port heaps of power there. The full Raspberry is a 4K image. Downloads zipped up to 1.4 gigabytes. You can remove about 2 gigabytes of junk, which I used to do when I was using 8 gigabyte cards. Now I'm using 16 gigabyte cards. I don't bother. And then you just install whatever you want for your development. Everything you put on your notebook. You can put it up here. So that's the stuff I used to remove for small cards. With a static address in one of these, you can plug it straight into your computer. And when you're developing on this and you're going to move to a zero and you're going to plug something in like an ethernet adapter, plug it in here first and check that you've got a working driver because you can have problems with the driver. And when you're doing a development stage, make sure you've got all your drivers working. Friend use. There's not a lot of differences you make. You choose your power supply, depending on what you're going to plug in. If I'm building something like a network attached to storage, I'll get a... This is my whole data sensor when I travel. So here it's pretty hot like that. I can plug that into the Pi, connect the data, I can take a cable out of there and plug it into the power socket on the Pi and it runs the Pi and then I can plug in a few disks. Because this one has enough power coming out the ethernet ports to run one disk, but not more than one disk. So power is a consideration. And looking security. Okay, for something like a weather station, the data doesn't have to be secure. The only consideration is that the device is connected into your network and it could be an entry point. I'm normally working with a local network that doesn't matter if someone hacks in because everything's in the same... Everything's in a closed space so I control access to space. The slight difference with a normal computer is no bias when it starts up on the SD card. It's got a little fat partition. It's got a tiny little bit of code in the computer. It starts up the graphics process. It's got that partition which you can't secure and that loads the bias boot code which then goes and reads your X4 partition. Because of that you can't have disk level of partition. But once it's gone through that initial boot process you can use all normal Linux at security. And Debian Buntu Linux Mint, which I use, and Raspin are all got the same base. So pretty much any page applies to any of those can be applied to Raspin. The only thing to make sure of the page says Debian Jesse because there's a lot of pages out there for Debian Weasley. And some of the network configuration of that is different. So you use it as Pi, the password is Raspin. You might want to chain something there. You can use remote desktop or command line access from another computer. I've found having a whole desktop, it's so fast, most of all use a whole desktop. I use X11 VNC so you can actually, it's one of the remote desktop software that actually lets us see the active screen. It doesn't start up another session. And in my setup, what I'm doing for something like the Xero, I'm setting up to provide web services to a central place. And that central place does the security, the interfacing to the internet. So I wouldn't worry about security on there, but I would put security when it gets up to there. For a ministering Raspin, there's very little to do. The only updates, when you go from... The only big updates that change the system is when you go from next year or a year after, you go from Debbie and Jesse to Debbie and Stretch, you'll probably have to do a reinstall. That's about the only real work. And your normal Drupal stuff on here, that's just a normal Linux computer. The boot process is slightly different, and they change the network startup going from Weezy to Jesse, so make sure you read documentation for the current version. The boot, the very first petition is fat, and you can't do anything to make that secure. The fat petition updates are called Firmware Updates. You won't see many of them. In terms of content, you're doing content on a Drupal webpage, that's normal Drupal stuff, but in a pie, your data coming in from electronics is data as far as the pie goes. So all those little connections across there, converting something from analog to digital, some of these pins are analog, some are digital, some are input, some are output, and you can potentially have someone do the equivalent of denial of service attack by zapping a high voltage or something through one of the wires. So if you've got wires going outside your office through other buildings, people could go, yes, it's a source of attack. I don't have any wires running outside of my property, so I haven't looked at that, but you might want to put in static protection and some lightning protection. For programming, down at the level where you're using these little pins and stuff, almost every single example is in Python, so you learn Python. Read Magpie, that's a free magazine. Every month, the Raspberry Foundation put out a magazine, you can buy the printed copy or you can download the PDF version for free. There's articles about the Space Station and their use of Pi. You also get the occasional book, that's 100 pages on C. Now, the beginner's age, I know after drinks last night, some of you might not quite reach that level yet, but with a few Baraka, should be right. So at that age, they're teaching people higher level languages and then a couple years later, they progress to Python and they start programming robots and stuff. The very first level languages, they've got one for music and they've got one for maths. And then, as soon as people get comfortable with the computer, a couple of days later, they can code in Python. Now, before we go to questions, I'm going to show you a couple of things outside of here and I'm deaf, so you'll have to yell at your questions. So back in Rasben, Satellating Drupal. It's so slow on this that I didn't finish it, whereas on this, it's same as on a notebook. So for this, full Drupal, ministerial whole building, on this level, you would probably use it for local administration. You wouldn't be putting content out onto an intranet, but you would use it for monitoring something and putting up through web services. You could be feeding a block that shows the current temperature of your nuclear reactor in the basement. And then, this thing's got a page with all the monitoring systems and each block is supplied by one of these. By. Okay, questions? Leave your office. Just normal computer. But on the zero, you'll see a slow start-up time. This is why I don't do development on zero. I'd rather it go... What else could we do with it? It's not an intranet connected, so... Anyway, if you look up MagPy, you'll see all these wonderful articles. It's up to Edition 48. The zero came out about six months ago, so the last six months have been focusing on the zero. Or maybe 12 months ago. The Pi 3 came out about two or three years ago. Lots of articles about that. And there's models in between there. The Model 2, as all of that, but it doesn't have Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. So there's lots of articles on the Model 2. The Model 2 has two processes, two cores instead of four. That's a bit slow. So your whole range of models for different functions. And... I don't think there's anything else I can show you up here. It's got all the things you see on Linux. Configuration application has got one place in Linux Mint. There's all these different little applications for displays and stuff. This has got everything in one place. That's where the... Are you running the light? The light... What's at the server you're running on? The server. Engine access. Set up the zero. Prior to this, everything I did was with patching because there was server running with patching. I wrote the variable here. This, I thought, I have to use engine X. So I'll just use engine X. I'm starting to use engine X. Just things. The stuff I'm knowing now is just as easy as patching. PHP 7, I'll switch off switch. Everything with PHP 7. I haven't tested database speed on zero. The sort of thing I would be doing is just logging. And then aggregate the logging for, say, ten minutes. And then read it the last ten minutes out of the table and shoot it off to answer, say, an AJAX call. That's about the interface speeds all right. But when you click to start an application... Oh, yeah. That's the CPU usage. During start application startup, it's 100%. Whereas on the other machine, you can have something like a email reading in the background while you're starting up. That's the sound input. The sound. There is a little sound connection. But I think I'll use sound through USB. What's in there? Don't get all that sort of stuff. Shut it down. I think the session out of this... Oh, just hope you bet. Raspberry Pi and Alpha Pi. I'll show you my next word already if you want. I mean, I'll upload something like that. The change that I have to replace I see three areas of Raspberry Pi. That's progress. That's a good result. Yeah. Thank you.