 this week I believe there's a major meeting in Europe that will give the latest projections on global warming and the rise of sea level. That could prove to be the greatest challenge of it for eerie for plant breeding for rice science in general because as you know rice is the majority of rice is found in the large low-lying river deltas of Asia. The Ganges, the Brahmaputra, the Irrawaddy, the the the Mekong, the Gadare, all those big deltas are you know in some cases only a few inches above sea level. I mean so I think right now the minimum minimum prediction for sea level rise I was reading that they're expecting and this is the most conservative projection you can make 38 inches by the middle of this century I believe is the timing. 38 inches will obliterate places like Bangladesh, places like West Bengal, the Mekong Delta. It's huge so what will happen slowly or maybe not so slowly is brackish water will get pushed up the the the rivers and affect the growth of the rice and you get less and less fresh water coming down because the glaciers are melting in the Himalayas at a rate that people can't believe so you're going to get you're going to get a scarcity of fresh water and in the rising sea level it pushes in the brackish water and that's going to push the cultivation of rice way back in a gradual or maybe not so gradual manner so salinity tolerance might offer some help you know there are areas of the world like you go to Sulawesi you could find the buyer varieties that are tolerant of brackish water and you know are tolerant of the tides coming and going it may be building on the genetic capacity of those materials and you know identifying new sources of salinity tolerance and drought tolerance may offer some hope through plant breeding and other contributions of other scientists but but I think the global warming and the resulting rise in sea level and remember that 38 inches is the minimum others are predicting more faster and that portends a real crisis in rice cultivation.