 module 27 trauma reaction. When we talk about the trauma reaction we need to be understand first what trauma is. Whenever any individual is facing any distressing event his or her mind can be damaged because of the pressure which he or she is facing as a result of that stress. And that stress level is out of the ability to bear it. So when the pressure is built up on his brain then his mind can be damaged. And all this process is called trauma. Trauma can be a single related event and it can also be a sequence. And it can also be that there is only one event but it is going on continuously. So trauma can face any person at any stage in their life. Traumas in childhood usually affect any child's life. Why do they affect it? Because the trauma experienced in childhood means that if he or she has experienced any kind of injury, or if he or she has seen any kind of injury or if he or she has witnessed someone's death then these are the traumas which can affect their life. And when a child witnesses these traumas or experiences them then he or she can present different kinds of reactions to these traumas. Now what can be the different kinds of reactions? They are different. It might be anxiety or fear. Now why is anxiety and fear basically feeling? Because when he or she experiences trauma, then the fear will develop in them. And the same trauma related or the same event related which was distressed for her, whenever she sees something, when she meets some cues, then she will start feeling anxiety and she will start feeling restless. For example, if she has witnessed that there is an injury in the house, then what would be happen? As soon as the door opens, then it might be possible that she or she will start feeling anxious or the fear will develop or she will become restless. Similarly, if she or she sees a black mask, then the anxiety might also start to provoke her. Apart from this, it is also possible that the reaction of some trauma is in state of shock or emotionally numbness. Now state of shock or emotional numbness is that no person can express any kind of emotion. Whatever is distressed in their life or trauma they cannot talk about it. Usually, you must have heard that people get shocked at the time of anyone's death. Or someone witnessed an accident and after that they went to the state of shock and they couldn't tell anything. So what happens is that they cannot express their emotions. But it is also possible that they cannot participate in any pleasant event. For example, they don't want to go out. They don't want to socialize. They said that they don't feel player in daily life activities. So this is also an emotional numbness. That they are not able to express their hurtful emotions or they are not able to feel those emotions which are pleasant. Then the re-experiencing of trauma. At a certain time, trauma or that event is so stressful that they can't imagine that in reality this can happen. So to believe that thing at a certain time re-experiencing of trauma starts. That is, they start seeing the same things again and again. And they feel that things are happening. So at a certain time, anyone can re-experience the trauma to get the belief that this thing is actually happened. Then increased vigilance. Like we said earlier that fear develops at a certain time due to trauma reactions. Because of that fear, extra vigilance develops in them. And their bodies are always jet-free and restless. So as soon as a trigger is queued, they are ready to attack them immediately. So due to this, their body gets very stretched. Then avoidance. Another trauma reaction is avoidance. What is avoidance? Either they will try not to go to those places where that thing happened. Or they will try not to think about those thoughts. They will try to repress those thoughts. They will try to avoid it. And they will also try to avoid talking about it. So avoidance can also be a trauma reaction than anger. After experiencing a trauma, people usually manifest anger. When people manifest anger, people in their surroundings definitely get worried about their reaction. But why is that person aggressive? Or why is that person hostile? Because that particular person is thinking that the world is unfair. Due to which, because of that, because of the trauma, because of that, this event happened, that's why the world is unfair place to live. So due to that, that person feels anger and he is manifesting it. and hostility towards others is being reflected. When we talk about the trauma reactions, we try to understand how different age group people give trauma reactions. Or how their trauma reactions can be different from each other. For example, if a young child has experienced a trauma, then what kind of trauma reaction can be generated or what kind of trauma reaction it will exhibit. That might be a problem in attaching it to your caregivers. Similarly, it starts feeling separation anxiety. That is, its significant ones cannot be separated from them. Similarly, in eating or sleeping, its pattern is disturbed or overeating starts, or it leaves food, or hypersomnia or insomnia develops. And it becomes very easily cranky. That is, it starts fighting on small things, it starts getting irritated, it starts getting irritable. And sometimes, it happens that the children reverse towards a young age again. For example, it can happen that the bed gets wet at night, so these kinds of behaviors are exhibited in them. When we talk about school age children, when they experience trauma, it can happen that their trauma reaction can be different from the young children and it can be different from them that they present more aggressive behavior. And at some time, they become socially isolated. In addition, they become overprotective about their own safety and other people's safety. And if they play therapy with them, or play different games, traumatic events try to relive it again. Such that the children of school age can also have nightmares. In addition, they can have problems in studies and their academic performance can also be affected. If we compare adolescents as compared to these two groups, we usually see that adolescents can be anxious or depressed. Their manifestation of depression and anxiousness might be in a form of irritability. Similarly, they go towards self-destructive behavior at a certain time. As we talked about, when people start doing avoidance, it can happen that they start taking more drugs so that they don't have any kind of memory related to it. Similarly, it can happen that they become sexually very active and get involved in unprotected sex. Similarly, they can get guilt. They might feel that this is their fault or they are responsible for it so they can develop guilt or shame. In addition, as this is the time period in which their cognitions are developing, it might be possible that their negative views start developing. And at a certain time, it happens that if there is such a distressful event that they have witnessed or experienced that they can take them towards suicidality or revengeful thoughts. Thank you.