 be carried out by Carlo D'Amedio, a researcher at the University of Roma-Tran. And I am here because I am a collaborator of Pantonella Poccia and unfortunately she cannot join us today because she is involved in a teaching activity as a visitor teacher at UCL University. So I will introduce this webinar today for her. And I wish to introduce you the Hidden NAP at its member service. Hidden NAP is a network of academics and professionals in the field of e-learning, education and open education. And the mission of the Hidden NAP is support, networking of individual members of the association provides a highly effective meeting and communication forum and is coordinated by its own steering committee elected by a ballot of NAP members. NAP provides information for members and opportunities for professional actions. It helps members to build up a personal portfolio including the documents, resources, blogs, photos, media and so on. 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And there are different challenges from the chair using social media and organizing events like this one, so webinar, event chat and so on. Thank you, Francesca. Thank you for the professional development, especially for young researchers and for the media and for the work as a researcher at the Department of Education at the University of Roma 3. Today I'm here to talk about user modeling and its application and its problems. I will present an activity developed for the creation of profiles in the inclusive-memory project in the next five years. For each user, you'll see a personalization of experience as through the creation of the FAA user model. What is a user model? A user model, because I think that there is a problem with the microphone. Can you hear me? Can you hear me now? Better? Okay. I unplugged the microphone and I used the one inside my pitchy. So I think I restart from the beginning. I say that the ultimate goal of the process that I will describe is to customize museum experience for each user. So we want to give a personal experience based on a user model. But what is a user model? The personalization of the experience pass through the creation of the user model. And the user model is a computer representation of a person modeled through a series of features that characterize his personal data and his needs. By analyzing a model, a platform can take decision and can recommend personalized path inside the museum or personalized information for each works presence in a museum. Unfortunately, these techniques that we can find literally to have limitations in the museum environment. Why? Because it's very difficult to generate files for each individual user. And the biggest problem is that often the user are at the first experience in the museum and we have no data about them. So we try to infer this data with questionary as we will see, but we then try to find classes of user and model and their behavior. So what is the instrument that can help us in the user modeling? The personas. The personas are detailed description of imaginary people. So are like archetype of user. The personas are created within a given context after the observation of the behavior in real environment of natural person. So we have to analyze a real visitor inside the museum to create personas. What we are trying to do, as I say, is to create an archetype that have common characteristics in terms of needs. So as shown in the slide, persona provides a powerful way to communicate behaviors. Gods want needs and frustration. The goal is to construct a particular persona and represent the diversity of the observed motivation. I'm sorry, but I'm a little bit sick. We experimented all our research inside the Tito Rossini exhibition. So now we will present the experience. The Tito Rossini Spermant exhibition is located at the Department of Education University of Romania. The collection is displayed for all areas of the department and the Rossini collection was donated to the university by the artist in the 2018. We organize an experience with the students of Antonella Paocce. I'm sorry, but I have some problem with changing the slides. At the beginning of the exhibition and at the beginning of the exhibition sorry, but I click and change two times the slides. At the beginning of the exhibition did not provide cultural mediation tools except for small labels containing information like author's name, painting names and date of production. An activity was organized to try to increase the visitor's interest in the works in the department that were often ignored. Five different works of art were selected by students who participated in experimentalism museum and reading modules. For this work, the students had to provide multimedial content and above all a creative story written after following a six month university module on narrating the museum based on the digital storytelling technique. A heterogeneous and multimodal mediation tool have been created for the exhibition on multiple and personalization visits. Why we have chosen this methodology? Because collaborative and creative writing combines with the critical analysis of the literary texts and they used the figurative works of art. Furthermore, the discourse among colleagues during collaborative writing activity exposed visitors to a peer thinking process understanding that there are different ways to face this situation in real life and they can learn to reconcile different points of view and perspectives. These two points are central components of the critical thinking that is often associated with visual thinking. Watching and joining a work of art comparing different works of art artists, styles and trends those activities allow the public to develop their own thinking analysis and evaluation skills and it's really important. The six month university module was a blended learning course in educational research methodology based at the department of differential SSE dedicated to pre-serviced teachers. Various techniques has been represented for the improvement of museum experience among which the most important is the digital storytelling. Students were invited to analytical and assessment skills through the analysis of three stories written by different authors, based on the works of Tito Rossini. The techniques allow the use of the critical thinking skills to generate stories starting from a work, reproducing the memorization process most commonly used by people. It also allows visitors to actually contribute to the development of the museum by seeing the contents like stories or audio or message published in the public museum after a little review. Users were asked to produce the following materials. In the description of the work of art from the point of view of art history, then a technical commentary referring to the production of the work. Second, an audio description of the work that we linked to a QR code, also a story that was recorded in a QR code, and finally a musical track that they think is the better to associate to their story. So we produce an HTML5 page with all those materials for each works, and we create a single QR code with all this information inside, and the aim of the research is to recommend the best QR code for each class of users or personas, as we said before. Therefore, the main objective of the experimentation was to evaluate the usefulness of the additional contents that the students produced, insert through the use of the QR code, and above, to analyze the visitors to recognize some personas for the future, and develop of the adaptive path. The sample analysis consists of 515 students from the Department of Education, 13 female and 2 males, other age 36, and participants attend a session with a model name, teaching methods, and digital tools in museum heritage education, and they start with a pretest. We organize this pretest to get some information about the users that are at the first visit in the museum, because as I said, the first slide is almost impossible to recommend something to people that you don't know after all. After attending a lecture, students fill up the pretest and save the personal data in a database among their stylistic preference on the work. The questionnaire is, was organized to be anonymous and each student is associated with a code that we generate using an algorithm that say the code is made by the initials of your mother's name, answer name, followed by the last two digits of your year of birth, followed by the initial of your parental grandfather, and the two digits of your birth of male. The visit was left free, so as not to affect the visitor experience, the only clue that we provide to them is to use the mobile device on the QR code. So because we fear that maybe if we didn't give this clue, they can go over the works with the QR code and we can't collect data. The students visit the Tito Rossini experience and fill the second questionnaire, the post-test, in which they are invited to express their preference on painting and mediation tools. Participants reported contrasting opinion regarding the exhibition. Generally, participants reported generally interest for the exhibition and appreciate the multimodality mode, so they like the audio and the music associated to the works. Some correlation among users preference are be found and we identify some personal traits and some fruition styles for our persona. The participants group was composed by people with a master degree for the 47.46.7% and a bachelor degree for the 15.3%. Almost half of them are professional in the field of the cultural heritage and the 14% are students in the same field. So we can say that the sample was made by the industry experts and we exclude noise in the data caused by the lack of knowledge of the visitors and that's very important for us. In the following contents table it was shown that in our sample it is possible to detect the tendency between hydro-extroversion and preference for realistic art. For instance, then out of 15 participants who prefer realistic Mona Lisa and the realistic Mona Lisa is one of the questions of the pretest. We asked the students to choose between three versions of the Mona Lisa, one realistic, one Lego, Lego like the game, so a Mona Lisa made by Lego and a modern Mona Lisa we can say and we find this correlation between students that prefer the realistic Mona Lisa and the fact that they are quite or very extroverts. On the other hand low extroversion seems to be more related with a romantic art and contemporary art. In addition we explored the possible relation between extroversion dimension and the preference for a specific fruition modality. Two people with higher extroversion tend to prefer the visit of the exhibition without the support of the multimedia technologies such as how the description of the painting, short stories or music struck. On the other hand people with lower level of extroversion seems to prefer multimodality. More specifically they appreciate combining the fruition of the painting while they are listing a story or a narration. After all almost all the visitors didn't like the music associated to the painting and this can be caused by the fact that the music is influenced by the styles and the people who choose the music have a probably different good styles of music in mind so we can't find really a reason for this data. The final analysis of this data led us to the identification of five personas and we create five paths for these kind of personas. First we identify young people, they are interested in interactive contents, video, music and for them they prepare the pages for the work code with many digital contexts and less text. Second we identify visitors with special needs, visual impurity, physical or mental impurities and for them we try to produce a path that they can physically done because they can do stares and for mental impurities we organize contents like child we can say, so simple contents like video and only a story about the works not a long description with technical language. Third we identify visitors with linguistics or cultural barriers like people that cannot read very well or people that cannot speak the language Italian or English very well and for them we try to create pages with images and with simple language explanation of the works and finally we find the last two personas that are adult men and adult women that they look at different kind of art and we prepare two different paths, one in the Villa Giulia Etruscan Museum that is focused on the war and how in the past the world changed the world and the second path for the women is focused on the role of the woman in all the society so from the Etruscan past through Greece arrived to the mother time. For each of these people we prepare a path as I said and the next step for our research is to experiment with the web app the adaptive path inside a real museum experience because we use our department to generate the personas but now we want to know how they perform in a real life experience I think that we have time to speak about something else I would also like to mention a second project that we experienced two days ago in our department in this case we use the same collection of this work but we applied gamification and augmented reality techniques to increase visitor satisfaction and stimulate their critical thinking skills it was developed an app for android device and we choose android because all the plugins are open free open source and in future we we think we will develop the app for ios too and this app is a treasure hunt we call treasure hunt in the museum visitors are asked to install the app and read the instructions on the first start simple instruction a visit was then organized through five previously selected words by filming the picture with the camera on the device the user received information from the virtual 3d model mila we call the virtual assistant that asked them a series of questions for each work and these questions are useful for stimulating the critical thinking for each question in the main menu of the app a part of a final question will appear when they finally answer all the five questions they can read the last question and they can finally get the price the the final message of the app and we collect today or yesterday i'm talking about that with francesca before this webinar and the students are really really engaging and appreciate the style of visit so in future we will try to merge these two kind of approach maybe changing the use of the QR code with the augmented reality that seems to get more engaging the visitors so i think i finish my presentation thank you for the attention and if you have any question you can ask me and i will answer you thank you you thank you carlo for your presentation it's very interesting as you presented thank you carlo for a lot of projects if there are any questions we can start to reflect upon them or maybe we can also continue the conversation during the web hidden chapter this this day there is a question from maria rosaria to carlo it's a way to go over the limits of the the lack of data so personas are archetype of user and really useful in this kind of modeling because when visitors enter in museum we don't know anything about it is and we want to recommend something to him so using a simple questionary like we have done in our experience we can give a first path to visitors using a personas that is the container of needs so the question is a provision for recognize these needs and select the right path after the intelligent the artificial intelligence behind the app will recognize the real needs of the visitors and change the class of user so it's possible that at my first visit i am see like a young a young guy and the second time the app after observed me in my first visit recognize that i would prefer the world path like an adult man or maybe i'm more near the women ideas so i can be redirect to the women path but the personas is only a name to call an old concept in informatics that is the archetype of user this i think it's okay if you need some other information you can ask me chat thank you Maria Rosalia as Francesca said if there are not any questions we can follow we can go on with this conversation in the head and chat tonight i will prepare five questions and we can talk about these questions all together remember to search the hashtag hidden chat at tonight hope to see you all in the hidden chat tonight sure thank you all oh sure i will send up right now thank you all