 The current drug discovery process involves identifying potential targets, followed by lead discovery and optimization, preclinical validation and clinical trials. High throughput screening, HTS, of small molecule libraries is often used to identify leads, but these screens are typically conducted using cells grown in two dimensions, 2D, on plastic surfaces, which may not accurately represent the environment of cells found in tissues. Three-dimensional, 3D, cell culture techniques have been developed to more closely mimic the in vivo environment and are increasingly being used in drug discovery. These techniques offer advantages over 2D culturing, such as improved precision in drug discovery, increased sensitivity to drug responses and the ability to study drug resistance and drug repositioning. However, there are still many challenges associated with implementing 3D cell cultures into the drug discovery pipeline.