 Global mean hemoglobin levels have increased slightly since 1995, from 125gL to 126gL in non-pregnant women, from 112gL to 114gL in pregnant women, and from 109gL to 111gL in children. This has resulted in a decrease in anemia prevalence in all three groups, from 33%, 43%, and 47% in 1995 to 29%, 38%, and 43% in 2011 respectively. The greatest improvement has occurred in South Asia and Central and West Africa, where the prevalence of anemia has dropped significantly over the past two decades. This article was authored by Gretchen A. Stevens, DSC, Meryl M. Finucane, Ph.D., Luz Maria de Regel, DSC, and others.