 Ready? Okay, good day everybody. This is Dr. Sanjay Sanyal, Professor, Department Chair. We are going to demonstrate the brake complexes in the axilla. So what you see in front of you, this is the supine cadaver. This is the right side. The camera person is on the right side and I'm also denoting from the right side. We have completely dissected out all the fat and fascia and the lymph nodes from the axilla. Therefore, we can see the cleaned up axilla and we can see the axillary artery here. And we can see the axillary vein which I have already demonstrated in a previous video. We have retracted it by means of threads just to push it out of the way so that we can show the branches of the brake complexes. So let's start from the top. This is the lateral cord of the brake complexes. This is the posterior cord of the brake complexes and this is the medial cord of the brake complexes. So we have three cords of the brake complexes. Lateral cord, posterior cord, medial cord. Now why are they called lateral, posterior and medial? Because that is the relationship of these with respect to the axillary artery. But that we have already retracted medially. Now let's trace the lateral cord. The first prime that we can see from the lateral cord is this one here. This is the lateral pectoral nerve. When this cadaver was intact, this lateral pectoral nerve was piercing through the caustic orthopedic membrane here and it was supplying the pectoralis major muscle which we have cut and reflected this side. The lateral cord continues and we can see it is giving a branch here. In this cadaver there is quite a bit of anatomical variation. This branch is the musculocutaneous nerve. This is the musculocutaneous nerve which supplies the muscles in the arm which we shall see later. Then we have this segment here. This is the lateral root of the medial nerve. And we can see a small segment here. This is the medial root of the medial nerve. And the two of them are uniting to form the medial nerve here. This is the mighty big medial nerve which runs in the arm and it supplies all the structures in the forearm and the hand. Now to continue, let's go to the posterior cord because that is clearly visible in front of us. The posterior cord is quite large and I have retracted it to show the posterior cord. This is the posterior cord and we can see it is giving a branch right here. This is the axillary nerve. This is the axillary nerve which runs through the quadrangular space and we can see, if we trace it closely, we can see it is running through the quadrangular space and I am going to retract this and we can see this is the axillary nerve. This is the axillary nerve. It runs through the quadrangular space and it is accompanied by the posterior circumflexumeral artery. So in inferior dislocation of the shoulder and in fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus, this axillary nerve can be injured and there can be deltoid paralysis. To continue with the posterior cord, the rest of the posterior cord continues and we can see this is the radial nerve and the radial nerve continues. It goes into the arm and here it is accompanied by the profunda brachii artery and this is the profunda brachii artery and it will go to the back of the arm. So this is the radial nerve, all arising from the posterior cord. Also arising from the posterior cord, I will retract this to show you these nerves. We can see this nerve here. This is the thoracodorsal nerve and we can see it is supplying the latsymus dorsi. Then we can see this nerve, this one. This is also arising from the posterior cord. This supplies the t-rease major and it also supplies the subscapularis, which is this muscle here. So we can see these two nerves arising from the posterior cord. We cannot see the upper subscapular nerve because it is located rather high up in this cadaver. To continue, let's come to the medial cord now. This is the medial cord as I mentioned. We can see the medial cord is giving several branches and we can see the three branches here. First of all, this one here. This is the ulnar nerve. This ulnar nerve, it runs on the medial side and it will go behind the medial intramuscular septum. The next one that we can see is this one here. This is the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Further posteriorly, we can see this one here. This is the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm. And also arising from the medial cord, we can see this branch here. This is the medial pectoral nerve. Again, when this cadaver was intact, this medial pectoral nerve was visible. It was running anteriorly. It pierced through the pectoralis minor. It supplied the pectoralis minor. And then it supplied the pectoralis major from its deep aspects. This is the medial pectoral nerve. The reason why these nerves are called lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve, now we can see clearly why. The lateral pectoral nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachal plexus. That's why it is called lateral pectoral. And the medial pectoral nerve arises from the medial cord of the brachal plexus. And that's hence the name. Not visible in this cadaver, but in actual life, the medial cord and the lateral pectoral nerves, they have a communication which runs like this in front of the brachal plexus. So these are all the branches of the brachal plexus that we can see in this particular dissection. The lateral cord, posterior cord, medial cord, muscular quaterious nerve, medial nerve, ulnar nerve and radial nerve. So these are the main important structures. And before I conclude, just for the sake of completion, I want to show you this is the axillary artery. And in this particular cadaver, again we have a great anatomical variation. The axillary artery is giving this major branch here. This is the profunda brachiae artery, which is running down and it is giving the anterior and the posterior circumflex humoral artery. And it's also giving rise to the subscapular artery, which is dividing into a thoracodorsal artery and a circumflex scapular artery. And the rest of the axillary arteries then continuing down and becomes the brachial artery. So that's all for now in the dissection of the axilla. Thank you very much for watching. Camera person is my student, Destiny Bala. All of you have a nice day. If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Please like and subscribe. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out.