 Gweithio yma, dyna'r ffordd yn cael ei wneud. Mae'r ffordd yn cael ei wneud, dyna'r ffordd yn cael ei ffordd yn cael ei wneud. Mae'r ffordd yn cael eu cymhreidio, 2015, lle yna'r ffordd. Yna'r ffordd yn ystafell ar gyfer y regional a'r Latsin America. Ee'r cydweithio ar y dyfodol yma yn cymhreidio yma'r ystodol. Felly, mae'n gwybod gowr iawn y proj畜 byddai'n gwirionedd ag yr unrhad yn IDF yn gyfleio'r cyfan yn ddiolch tri a'r gilydd, yn Llatyn-Omar. Rydyn ni'n gydwch chi'n gwybod, bod yn fawr ddigwydd rydyn ni протi'r sefydlu'r panlwyster sy'n gweithio i'r unradydd, mae'n mwybod i gwasana am y ddych chi'n gweithio'r rhannu ac rhaid i'r crispwyd at gael eu ddych chi'n gweithio'r rhannu. ac yn dod i'r cwrs yng Nghymru yn gallu ein un cyflawn. Ar y ddiweddol, cyflawni i'r mynd i gael iawn o'r crosib ac oes gyda'r ysgoleth ac i'n cael ei gyda'r cyhoeddiol yn darllen i'r cyfeirwyr awtod y cyfan a'r cyffredig i fynd i addysgu ffrasil iawn i erioed i'r cyflwyno. Oherwydd, yw'r skutt ruriau amdod i'ch wedi gweld i'r Llywodraeth, ym Mhagoret Adryniach Canwys, mae cyrcaethau gyda'r ysgrifennu a'u cyfnodd ac ymgyrch iawn o'r tyniol economaeth. Margaret, byddwn i'n ddweud i'r rhai darparu sy'n cyfnodd. Mae'r ddweud yn rhan oherwydd, mae'r cyfnodd cyfnodd sydd wedi'i cyfnodd cyfnodd cyfnodd arweithio'r cyfnodd cyfnodd. Roedd yn ogylcheddyn ar-2013, felly byddwn ni'n cyd-fyrddio'r ysbyttyn cyfnodd cyfnodd cyfnodd cyfnodd. The objective was to provide actual direct recommendations and closed to involved the competitiveness gap in Latin America and the areas of skills and innovation, because these are areas which are particularly difficult for region, and where the gap is particularly big, which is based on the global competitiveness report of the World Economic Forum as well as practices we have collected from other regions. We've been working with a multi Stakeholder Steering Board and two members of the Steering Board Cymru yw'r wyf yn ymgyrch i'r ffawr. Rydym yn gweithio'n gweithio'n gwybodaeth, yn gweithio'r cyfle cyffredinol, yn cael ei gwaith o'r ffawr, i'r ymgyrch amgylchol. Mae'r cyfeirio wedi'u cyfeirio'r gweithio ar y ffwrdd yw yng nghymru o'r Lletyn y Merigau yn cael ei ffawr yn cyd-diadol o'r parysau am y gweithio ar y clywed, a'r cyffredinol bydd yn cael ei ffawr Felly, y gallu ydym yn gweithio cysylltu addysg ac rhaid bod y prudentechau nifer yng Nghyrseid Gael dros Llywodraeth y Merogi, mae yng Nghyrchio Llywodraeth oherwydd mae'r gaf o Roedden Clews i'r diwylliant oherwydd mae'n amlwg ar draws gyda pobl environmentau i'r gaf ond mae'n ochr cyllidau i'r gaf yn ddwy'r roedden caught yng nghyrch yng Nghyrch Cymru yn teimlo bydd yn roedden gael ynghyrch a'r Bibliender pan oedd Simon am fath o'r cyllidau ac a'r ffordd yma yn ystod ar y cyfnodau y kommen. Mae'r progecau wedi'u setau o 10 rinwyrs, ac mae'n ysgoliant ymddangos sy'n ymddangos ar y webb. Ac rydw i'n ddiwedd a'u sgwrs yn 6 ymgyrchu ar gyfer ymlaen. Mae rydw i'n ddod i'n ddiwedd ar y cwm yn ysgoliant, maen nhw'n ddod i'n ddoch chi'n rhan o ddod i'r cwm yn ysgoliant, sy'n ddod i'r hyn o'r hyn o'r hyn o'r cyfnod. The priority number one is to strengthen the framework conditions, to continue actually strengthening the framework conditions and here in particular in the areas of regulatory legal environments so this wants to be continued to be strengthened, access to capital for firms which remains very, very difficult for Latin America companies and competition, so the level of competition, the stronger level of competition will be valuable and will be beneficial for competitiveness and ICT. A'r ffordd o'r angen yw ymdodd ac yn hi wneud ymdau'r maen i Llanfyniaeth yma, ac yn ymdodd y wneud ymdyn nhw yn ymgyrchol i'r gael. Yn ystod, ystod ystod, mewn cyllidau ymdyn nhw yn ymdyn nhw'n ei gael, ymdyn nhw yn ymdyn nhw'n ei gael, yn ymdyn nhw'n ei gael, ac efallai i'r rai cyngorau ymdyn nhw. Yn ymdyn nhw, ymdyn nhw'n ei gael, ymdyn nhw'n ei gael. First of all, the efficiency of the existing investment is fairly low, and our recommendation in this respect is to strengthen the effectiveness of current policies and current investments by simply strengthening the capacity within the governments to evaluate policies, to evaluate ex-under and exposed in order to be able to target them better and to increase the institutional capacity within the government to be able to do this type of work because the investments and the policies would be much more efficient. The second recommendation in order to enhance the efficiency is to better align the investments to economic and social priorities. What we have seen is that some of the investments are not well aligned, in particular when we look at championing value chains, the selection is not always very transparent, and a system of better aligning the investments to those priorities would enable those investments to have an even higher impact. In addition to better channeling or better using existing investment, there's a need to increase the level of private investment in those type of programs. So in particular in skills and innovation development, and here one measure would be, for example, to help SMEs harness better existing capital. Innovative SMEs have very, very hard time in America to access capital, and the government could do a lot more to help them harness capital. One of other possibilities would be also suggestions would be to include venture capital components into collaboration, public-private collaborations, for example. Overall public-private collaboration has been an important topic and an important part of the recommendations as well. So this is our fourth priority area to strengthen public-private collaborations in the region. And in the first place, you know, this is related to the level of trust between the two sectors as well, which can continue to be built, to be increased. First of all, and there are three recommendations with respect to building stronger public-private collaborations. They are very, very concrete and very much focus on innovation and skills. First of all, to create a standardized catalogue of research competencies, so that these are mainly public institutions, so that the private sector can indeed access more easily this information and identify the opportunities that are produced by the public sector through the research capacity that's existing. This could be then complemented also by research and skills development funding schemes in order to make it even more impactful, and such schemes could be integrated into the catalogue, so that the commercialization time is much shorter and that the private sector can commercialize the breakthrough ideas much, much faster. Then there is also a need, and there is a very strong public-private component in this area, to have a stronger focus on cross-sectoral vocational education. Vocational education is actually well regarded, fairly well regarded. There's a good performance of vocational students in Latin America, but there's still a significant skills gap, so companies are not able to find the right resources in terms of vocational education, and here a very close collaboration in order to really adjust the skills to the needs of the business community would be beneficial. The fifth area of priority would be to foster inter-regional cooperation, and here two very concrete also suggestions are one is to establish a regional multi-annual research and innovation fund, so a longer-term research and innovation fund to allow also faster commercialization across the entire region of research projects, so this is one recommendation, and the second recommendation in this area is to simply establish an exchange program for students and for researchers in Latin America in order to increase the pool of researchers and also increase the allocation between the different countries. Then our last priority area, and this is more of a cross-cutting area, this more than how do we implement this recommendation, is really to employ a flexible implementation approach, so a flexible implementation approach meaning that we start rather small and then build those recommendations out increasingly in order to be able to adjust and to be really on target all the time, and also to give the opportunity especially at the regional level to other countries to opt in into the programs in order to keep it beneficial for the entire region. I'll stop here and give back to Oliver. Thank you, Margaret. Next speaker, John Levis, the Global Chief Innovation Officer and Regional Managing Director for the Americas region at Deloitte. John, you've been a project advisor on this initiative. Please share with us to date some of your key findings and the key recommendations that resonate for you and your firm. Sure, and first I want to thank the World Economic Forum and the Steering Board for allowing Deloitte to participate and sponsor this program. I think our involvement has been truly beneficial for us, and hopefully we've brought value to the process. The whole notion of competitiveness in Latin America is one of keen interest literally around the world, and we know that leaders want to move past just discussing the issue that exists there to real action, and we think this opportunity does, excuse me, this report provides us with exactly that opportunity, and the timing is absolutely right. Innovation is increasingly at the heart of what happens to grow businesses and to grow economies. Without it, economies just flatten out, and we see that in various locations around the world. So, being able to translate an understanding of the gaps that we've seen into tangible actions and recommendations I think is paramount here. Throughout the analysis I think we've found that one of the very important keys is the cooperation of the private and public sectors in these recommendations, both in the work to identify the issues as they've been done and then in implementing tangible steps to close those gaps. And all of the recommendations touch on that, but there's one in particular that I want to highlight that gets right at the core of it, and that is recommendation four, which calls for the increase of investment by the private sector into closing the skills and innovation gaps that exist in Latin America. And I think it's incumbent upon the private sector to do that for a couple of reasons. One, the opportunity is significant, and as a private sector motivated by the things that were motivated by, being able to encourage greater cooperation amongst public and private sector and to encourage institutions to make the right decisions around how to prioritise education, how to prioritise policies around infrastructure is absolutely necessary. Small to medium businesses, which need that innovation growth, need to come and be fuelled by what happens and the investments made by large organisations, and the economy sort of generates itself through that way. And we've seen that through our work in other parts of the world, in Australia and in Europe and increasingly in the things that Deloitte has been able to do in Latin America. And for one example about that is the work we've been doing with the social progress imperative. And in doing that, identifying exactly the right way to measure social progress, it's the social progress index, it was pioneered in a way to truly measure the growth in the society, not just in terms of financial terms, but how the growth in financial terms is benefitting society as a whole. And by creating national network of partners in Latin America, we've been able to help specifically in countries like Brazil the implementation of SPI and making that a way in which nations can measure their innovation, measure their progress in closing the gaps that we've talked about. And so just in conclusion from my side, I'm looking forward to this report, its publication. I think that it tackles exactly the right issues around skills gaps and education gaps as well as the infrastructure gaps around innovation and the recommendations I feel are extremely tangible, ones that can be actioned upon quickly with results that I think can be equally quick. Thank you, John. And I would just say that this report, the press release related to it is now available on our website, weforum.org, it's available in three languages, English, Portuguese and Spanish. Any media watching this live on our webcast platform can go to our website and download that release. Get some more information. Now I'm going to move right on to Diego Milano Vega, the Minister of Information Technologies and Communication of Colombia. Please, sir, give us some insights from the public sector. What resonance does this have and which of these recommendations do you think are particularly relevant and you will be able to act on in 2015? First of all, I'd like to thank the World Economic Forum for the report, it's been a great job. Unfortunately, it is not done yet, I mean, this is just one step, but it is a fantastic step that really is giving us some light on how to move in terms of increasing the competitiveness of Latin America. Look at Latin American economies have lived out of commodities for many, many years. We export oil, coal, copper, you know, kind of commodities, but that's not sustainable. We have to move to other areas. We have to transform our economies in more competitive economies and innovation is key to do that. And the report, you know, gives us two elements, two important elements. You have to innovate, that's key. And the government has to support that innovation. And a key element there, the private sector is the one that has to innovate. And the government should support that. In the case of Colombia, you know, we apply this idiom, which is, you know, put your money where you put your mouth. We are going in that direction, so President Santos said we have to transform our economy. We are going to invest in innovation. How? We are exporting a lot of commodities. 10% of all the money we get from those exports goes to innovation funds. So we are investing a lot of money in innovation. And we have to make sure that that innovation tackles not only basic research and development but also productivity in business, especially SMEs. But also the other issue of the report is key here, which is talent. Without people we can't do anything. So I'm really glad to see for the first time in Latin America a gap analysis on talent. What kind of talent we need to transform the competitiveness of Latin America is of great value, the results of this report, because now we can focus together the public and the private sector on creating that talent on transforming our education system, on improving our vocational education to make sure that we have the right manpower to increase productivity. And in order to do that there is one key element that we have to build, trust. Trust between the public and the private sector because these tasks have to be done by the two parts and also trust with the academia, trust with the universities. So there are three players, the public sector, the private sector and the universities and we have to build trust. Thank you. Last but not least, Alejandro Ramirez, chief executive officer of Sinopolis in Mexico, formerly a young global leader of the World Economic Forum. We just heard the minister say that it's the government's must support the private sector in innovation. Give us your take from the private sector. Thank you very much and I also want to commend the World Economic Forum and the team, including the Lloyds for what I think is a very deep and very pragmatic report. I think overall I like very much that it decided to focus on the skills and innovation gap because as we all know there are different pillars of productivity and the pillar that is the weakest in Latin America is precisely skills and innovation and I think we're generalising Latin America in many countries but I think if we look at it as a region one thing that we can say is that our educational systems have failed to produce enough trained students with the right skills, with enough skills and I think something where the private sector can actually come in and help and contribute is having a closer link with universities and institutions of research and higher education institutions in general so that we make sure that what they are teaching are the right skills and mostly the relevant skills that we need to actually pass that phase of producing commodities as Minister Molano was saying and become societies that are the engines of growth are manufacturers and services so I think another area where the private sector can actually add value is in enhancing vocational education and training programs and providing internships and apprenticeships. I think that's also something that is very relevant to close the gap between what the universities are teaching and what the private sector needs as trained workers. Another thing we can do is collaborate more with public research institutions in fact in doing joint research and development. I think that's something that has started in some countries in Mexico and Chile. You see some private public partnerships in doing R&D and another critical component is actually supporting small and medium enterprises because we must say that not all of the productive sectors in Latin America are as equally unproductive or have this productivity gap. I mean there are some sectors in for instance the Mexican economy that are very highly productive and very well integrated into the North American economy like the automotive sector and the electronic sector but then you have some sectors that are very far behind with very low productivity especially the small and medium enterprises. So something that we're seeing for instance the Mexican Council on Business, Consejo Mexicano de Negosius is actually having a big program to try to link with the small and medium enterprises as suppliers of the larger conglomerates and to integrate them into the value chain. Finally something that I think is critical and it is related to recommendation number two on enhancing policy effectiveness. Something that the private sector can do and must do is become a watchdog for the effectiveness of educational policies. I mean I think the Achilles heel of Latin America is the low quality of public education and also I must say private education. I mean in general if you look at standardized tests like the peace examination of the OECD, Latin American countries rank very low compared to other countries of similar income level and in fact if all of Latin American countries including Chile and Uruguay which are the best performing ones around 40% of the students rank zero or one in the math and science examination so and going up to you know I mean we all do pretty bad but if you look at the rank in Latin America is the best performing ones is Chile, Uruguay, then Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Peru so we're all doing very bad and if you look at the number of 15-year-olds that rank excellent in levels five and six in this examination other than Chile and Uruguay that have a two and three percent the rest of Latin America less than one percent of 15-year-olds rank in excellence so how can we produce you know engineers, high quality scientists when we don't have the raw material which is well educated you know elementary and secondary school graduates so I think something that many businessmen in several countries are doing is actually getting involved in public policy which I think is very important you know there's the example of mexicanos primary in Mexico you have todos por educación en brasil and what they do is actually you know applied research they also socialize the knowledge that they have to to actually pass the message that we're actually not getting good quality education because surprisingly many parents don't know then public policy proposals and advocacy and lobbying and I think that is critical you know for you know recommendation two of enhancing policy effectiveness thank you very much indeed we've we've gone across their whole suite of recommendations and ideas and and insights there from from freeing up money from qualities to to channel directly into into education how can we get a multiplier effect there lots of priorities we don't have very long and we are a swiss organisation that prides itself in its timing so we must finish on time but much this is a long-term report let's focus a little bit on the short term I just like each of you if if you if you will to just give us a very very brief outline of your top priority in 2015 for bridging this skills innovation gap from your own unique perspectives if you could have one priority we've we've gone through quite a few well I'll just say that in my case because I'm Mexican and I do participate in a NGO of businessman that has been active pushing the the educational reform for the past eight years now that the education reform was passed by the Mexican Congress or priorities the implementation of the reform because there's a great resistance of the teacher unions in three Mexican states and we we're there to watch that the reform is implemented you know in Colombia the same same case education education education we need to to create the workforce with the right skills um and so we have to define what those skills are and and and the systems on how we can really educate people with those skills and it would be easy for me to say those two things and I think I think we would but I'd also add that there's a great opportunity for countries in Latin America to learn from each other not all of the challenges have to be solved in every country and the good things are being done in Colombia you know could easily be replicated in Mexico and the best things done in Chile it could be helped in be helpful in in Panama that's the spirit of innovation find someone's really good idea make it a little bit better and then make it your own and then someone else will do the same thing so greater collaboration across the region will I think also be a priority and I would say you know the greater the improving the capacity within the within the within the public sector to to implement policies and to to to enhance the value of investments would be very important because on anything else we do is going to be influenced by this capacity so we will have a greater impact even thank you very much indeed well fascinating I wish you all the best with the ongoing continuation of this initiative thank you very much for joining us today thank you to our audience watching here live and online we'll be right back in under just under three minutes for our next press conference thank you very much thank you