 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in Dentistry and more. Today we have a topic from Public Health Dentistry that is COPRA or also known as Consumer Protection Act. Sometimes it is known as CPA, Consumer Protection Act. This is consumer and protection effort act. So before moving on we need to understand who is a consumer. So consumer can be any individual or households that use goods and services generated within the economy or someone who acquires goods or services for direct use or ownership. Should be direct use or ownership rather than for resale or use in production and manufacturing. Okay, not for resale or production and manufacturing. So that is a concept. Consumer, you should use the goods and services directly or for ownership, not for resale or production and manufacturing. Just for an example, your father buys apple for you and you consume them. So father and son or daughter. So father buys an apple so the son or daughter consume the apple. So the father as well as the daughter are treated as consumers. The same thing applies to hiring a taxi to go to your workplace or go to your school or college. Okay, so that is a concept of consumer. So this example will give you a very clear idea because the apple is bought by father and consumed by the son or daughter. Okay, so they are consumers, both father and son or daughter, they are consumers. They are using it for direct use or ownership, not for resale or any production or manufacturing. That is a concept of consumer. So why we need Cobra or consumer protection hat? Why we need to protect the consumers? Because there are times where we might face overpricing. We can see during the seasonal time or festival season overpricing of the goods or there will be bargaining not by the consumers. The sellers lobby, they bargain and they will keep the prices very high and there are many loss. There were many loss like Indian contract act, sale of goods act, essential commodities act. They are very complicated act for a common man to deal with. So in order to avoid all these, the Cobra resists any common man can easily apply or easily go to the court for the redressel. And this law compared to the other laws such as Indian contract act or sale of goods act or essential commodities act helps the person to be less expensive, less time consuming and avoid the regular visit to court. So these are the reasons for the enactment of Cobra Act. So moving on, Cobra Act came into existence in 1986. So that is the landmark year for the consumers. So we directly jump to the three tyre systems. Okay, before that the objective is to protect the consumers from abuse to provide a venue for grievance to ensure a better quality of living by improving the quality of consumer products and services. So those are the objectives of this CPA. Now we have three tyre system where a consumer can file the case. So this table helps you to understand the Cobra in a comprehensive way. That is the consumer dispute redressal agencies at three levels. That is one is at the district level, then the state level and national level. Okay, so the first one is a district level that is up to 20 lakhs. That is a problem. So the disputes of the consumer which is ranging up to 20 lakhs will be dealt at the district level. So in the district level court there will be a district judge and two other members and among them one must be a woman. That is for the district level. Whereas the state level it will be dealt for the problems which is ranging from 20 lakhs to 1 crore. And this court will be having a high court judge before in district level there will be a district judge. Now we have a high court judge with two extra members. Now we have national level that is national consumer dispute redressal commission that is how it is called. So it deals cases which is ranging more than 1 crore. So in the committee or in the court there must be a person who has been a supreme court judge and there should be minimum four other members. So this is how it goes up to 20 lakhs, 20 lakhs to 1 crore, more than 1 crore. There should be a district judge, high court judge and supreme court judge. So this is the comprehensive way to understand the three level system of corpora. That was all about corpora act. It is a commonly asked short note in public health industry. So this much information would be enough to get you 2.5 marks in three or 3.5 marks out of five. Basically corpora is a very big chapter. There are various things which is coming under corpora. What is happening at district level, state level, what if the court rejects the petition at district level. He can file appeal to state or appeal to national level. So there are various things coming under but not addressed all those things. I just want you to understand the basic framework at three levels and who is the consumer. And the basic its introduction in 1986 and why it is came into existence all those things. So I will come up with a new topic in the industry. Thank you.