 The article reviews the main circadian mechanisms regulating carbohydrate metabolism and their role in maintaining energy homeostasis. It discusses how the molecular genetic structure of the circadian system is involved in this process. Additionally, it examines gender differences in the circadian regulation of energy and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as its changes in different age periods. Furthermore, it explores the mechanisms of glucose utilization, reactivity of pancreatic islets and peripheral insulin sensitivity shifts at different times of the day in people with normal body weight, android and guinoid types of obesity, both in women and men. Finally, it looks into protective factors of energy metabolism circadian regulation structure preventing the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in individuals with so-called metabolically healthy obesity type. This article was authored by M. U. Sorokin, B. B. Pinkesov and V. G. Seliatitskya. We are article.tv, links in the description below.