 한국의 전통메디션 클리닉을 통해 5,000년의 한국의 이야기는 사망과 감염을 사용하고 있는 various mixtures of plants and animals to treat or prevent diseases based on actual trial and error type clinical testing. 이 수준과 경험이 한 번도 적용된 동의 보감으로 405년 전 한국 doctor의 이름, 허준. 이 책은 전부의 다고나스틱, 인턴, 엑스터널, 여러 사례들, including soup therapy, and acupuncture, which you are aware of. In other parts of the world, when you have a headache or fever, you would normally take aspirin, Tylenol, or Advil. These drugs have been approved and used based on the scientific proven mechanism of action. That reduces the precursors responsible for such symptoms. In Korean medicine, headaches are classified into many different types. So for example, if you have a headache with back pain, without dry mouth, you will be prescribed with 천국다조산. Never mind about the pronunciation. If you have a headache with severe tiredness, you will be given another mixture of plants to treat, and so on. When you get those mixture of plants, what you do is you boil them together to extract the active compounds. You squeeze the soup out of it and then drink it, the black soup, for a certain period. One major problem is this black soup contains of course active compounds to cure the disease, but also those compounds unwanted that cause your liver and kidney toxicity. Then how can you isolate only those active compounds out of this and use that mixture as the approach to the disease in a new way? That's multi-compound, multi-target approach to address this human complex system. So that is the concept of multi-compound, multi-target approach that's useful for single target, single-compound approach. You are looking at old mouse with normal diet. You are looking at old mouse additionally fed with a plant mixture containing beta-lapachon. As you can see, this mouse taking the plant mixture become much healthier and stronger because it increased muscular and your brain function through the compound called beta-lapachon. Why? Why these natural compounds are better than synthetic chemicals to treat diseases? We have intensively analyzed all those known compounds in the natural product and found that these compounds have higher similarity especially structural similarity to human metabolize. You are looking at one of the compounds in the middle that is from Jin Zeng similar to the metabolized in steroid metabolism, for example. One of the key philosophy in traditional oriental medicine is so-called synergistic combination of king, minister, assistant and ambassador compounds. King compound is major drug. Minister increases the efficacy. Assistant reduces the side effects and ambassador delivers the drug to the right side. This concept actually has been proven by modern systems biology because king represents two major drug and then minister represents a complementary drug and then assistant corresponds to neutralizing drug so reduce toxicity and then ambassador is corresponding to the delivery function and enhancing pharmacokinetics. So we have intensively analyzed all those known compounds from natural plants extract and then we looked at the synergistic combinations and you don't have to pay attention to these complex chemical structures but in short we found such a synergistic combination actually exists to treat diseases better. So the old book has not only the wisdom but scientifically proven mechanisms. Now once you identify these active compounds what are you gonna do? You need to over-produce them. So we use microorganisms. So for example, we were able to engineer our gut bacteria called E. coli and then now they are producing in dilubin which is a great anti-cancer agent which should have been extracted from plants but now we produce through E. coli. Human life expectancy increased to 73 years. Number of people who are over 65 years old is about 580 million. Annual healthcare spending around the world this year will be about 8 trillion dollars. What are you gonna do about it? I think it's more important to prevent disease make people stay healthy rather than treating disease alone. You are looking at Korean dinner table. By the way, you don't eat like this every day. But this represents the best example of balanced diet or balanced nutrition is a typical example of multi-compound, multi-target approach to make you stay healthy. So medicine, nutrition, even cosmetics share the same line. The question out of this knowledge in many different medicinal plants can we really identify or how can we more rapidly identify those active compounds? Once we identify them can we really engineer microorganism to over-produce these individual chemicals that are functional? Also, last question would be how can we reform our current healthcare system or management system to link nutrition and medicine together so that we can make our life much healthier in this aging society? Thank you very much.