 Intrauterine growth restriction, IUGR, is a condition whereby an unborn baby's growth is restricted during pregnancy. This can lead to a variety of issues both at birth and later in life. At birth, these babies may experience perinatal asphyxia, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and polycythemia. Long-term effects can include growth retardation, neurodevelopmentally delays, and developmental origins of health and disease. Antinatally, IUGR can be diagnosed through ultrasound scans, while postnatally it can be identified by measuring the baby's length and head circumference. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of the condition, but often involve nutritional supplementation and close monitoring of the baby's progress. This article was authored by Deepak Sharma, Swetha Shastri, and Pradeep Sharma.