 Back in 1963, 1964, a number of bone combs that look exactly like blades tattooers have used up before the electric needle was invented was found at a site on Tongitapu out in Tonga. They're usually finding tattoos implements are extremely rare. Tattoos are specialists usually one person or two people so there's not many to start with so there's all the different things that make them very interesting and very rare. They're made of bone these ones we found that two of them were made on human bone so it's not just that they're boring but also that two are made on human bone and then we because we found them all together we knew that they were a kit and that's also exceptionally rare. We found that they were 2,700 years old which makes them the oldest in Oceania and probably the oldest coin so the oldest blades in the world. We looked at them under the microscope to see if we could find any marks left behind from the types of tools and we found that they were being cut out of the parent bone so if they're out of human bone or a bird bone they've cut them out first with the stone tool and then they've ground them down to make a bevel using another stone like something abrasive and then they've used either a very sharp flake maybe out of something like obsidian or most probably a sharp shell to make the comb. You can see here all the ink is still on the blade so you could go all the black ink still on that sand part that would have been you know driven down into the skin. They seem to be exactly the same design as up to very very recently like you know a hundred years ago or even still used today so if people get traditional Pacific tattoos it's exactly the same tool so it's as if when they once they innovated them or created them almost 3,000 years ago they're like this works really well and then they haven't changed anything stayed the same.