 Bioactive glasses have been used for decades to treat bone defects but more recently they have become an emerging area of research for bone tissue engineering applications. This paper reviews the latest advances in bioactive glass and glass ceramic scaffold technology focusing on their fabrication methods, mechanical properties and potential for use in bone tissue engineering. The authors also discussed the role of bioactive glasses in stimulating cell growth and vascularization, as well as their ability to release calcium and phosphate ions which can promote bone formation. Finally, the authors identify areas of future research that could further advance the development of bioactive glass-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. This article was authored by Aldo Arbaccaccini and Lutz Christian Gerhardt.