 We are here in all of our orange and green. And look at that, all of us. Just ready to go. Yes. Lots of people from lots of places here. Greg and I wanna do a shout out though. Yeah. For our friend, Brian Nash. Hey Brian. Who did a 24-hour marathon, telethon, online-a-thon in support of Parkinson's research. Yeah. If you have your link anywhere, you can post it in the chat and we'll put it up live for people if you'd like us to. He went 24 hours and I got to be a guest. Yeah. Tomorrow, yesterday at 12 noon. Thank goodness during the day. He was halfway through and he was still awake. He was eating breakfast. Yes. When were you on, Greg? I joined, it was late. So I was just on my iPad. I couldn't log in and say hi and be vocal because that wouldn't have been appropriate at that point. No, no, not after your St. Patty's Day treat. But I was in the station. He was talking and I was typing or, you know, thumb typing on the iPad and stuff. That's fun. Yeah, it was great. He was in his last, I think it was the last hour. And then I said, I said good night. He still had 30 minutes left. He think he was asleep. Oh, wow. And I can't believe Brian's here. So hi to you, Brian and good job. Get that link up and we'll post it for you. And if anybody wants to donate to his Parkinson's researchathon, let's do that. Let's see. Oh, and they're accusing him of running out to Tim Hortons. And then there's a bunch of discussion this morning about where Tim Hortons are. There's England, the Wales. Scotland now has a few. I had a friend who came for a visit last month. I met her, went out to dinner and she said, there's now a Tim Hortons in Michigan, Edinburgh. I think she's in Edinburgh. It's, yeah, Tim Hortons has taken over the world. If you, yeah, go. I think they put something in their coffee because it's the best coffee you can taste when you're coming out from a trip. You know, I was still in the airport. Wally Turbyville says, good morning from South Carolina. And I say to him, are you from Turbyville, South Carolina? Because all the Turbyvilles I know are from Turbyville. He said, no, but he's got some cousins there. So I'm assuming I know your family, Wally Turbyville. That Mary Sleppy. Mary makes a good comment. Let's go on down. We'll find her comment in a minute. Gee, Steph says, good morning. There's Chris Federiello is here. Let's see, Mary Sleppy, this is a great comment. Go ahead, you found, you saw it first, Betsy. Yeah, she's viewed every single Saturday round up this year for the 15 for 15 challenge. Thank you, Mary. That's great. Happy with us. For the 15 for 15 challenge, that is fun. That's great. We like being a part of your challenge. Hey, Sharon Haynes from Alabama. Stephanie Hill from Guernsey, the Channel Islands. How about that? Karen Stewart, Southern California, Sharon Haynes. She's talking about Timmy's, Susie Carter, Tricia, Andrewd, Anna and Andrewd. Ooh, from Florida. Ooh, do that to me first thing in the morning now. Brian Nash says, good morning from PEI. Oh, are you in here twice, Brian? Cheryl Grogan, Mormon Sonny Cheshire, UK, Wally. You know, he's talking about his terrible cousins. Hey, Janine, cousin Janine. Cousin Janine. Lisa Gervais. Hey, look, Minnie Silva's in the house. Hey, Minnie. Debbie Root, Patricia Jackson, Sukrar. Let's see, Sandra Charlton, Terry Berks. All right, I am once on TV. Anna Root. Oh, look at Tricia, put how you pronounce her name. Anna Root, thank you so much, Tricia. Cool. Yeah, there we go. She put the E on in so we knew it was Root. Yeah, Root. That's funny. Terry says that she's from Columbus, Ohio. That's cool. Well, I'm in Ottawa, Greg is in. Up to Grove. And oops, that's he's in. Chicago. Oh, there we go, yeah. All right, good morning. Good morning, everyone. And good morning or afternoon or evening, wherever you happen to be. And if you're watching this. And whenever you are. Already been done and it's recorded. Welcome again. Hey. And if you're watching it for the third, fourth or fifth time, get a life. Oh, God bless you. Watch afterwards. Leave us a comment. We'd love to see those. Yeah. Oh, married some children. Oh, no, no, no, no. Not even how we're related. Got Karen Laurence from Detroit. Chris Fairhill says, you don't even know one on one on why we have a great question of the week this week. Why don't I start doing that? How about that? Why don't you start? Sure. How about that? All right, the question of the week is, who is your favorite? Now I'm not in my right place. Question of the week, who is one of your favorite female ancestors? So we had quite a few answers. Oh, there we go. Okay, that's, sorry. Streamyard changed the way they display stuff and I thought I'd lost my tab, but I didn't. So we have 75 answers for this week. So I'm gonna go ahead and start. I've got one save for the last one because I'm gonna show you the favorite one because I agree with it. I really like the story of Victoria De Aquino because she's my link with Italy and the Quattro Sinto. It's a long, interesting story. So I pulled up her profile. Oh, so there we are. There's not a lot of stuff on her profile and I ran into a little bit of an issue on that profile. Oh, really? Yeah. Because it's in French? It's in Italian. It's in Italian. No, that's French. Yeah. The title is, Biografia is Italian, but the words are, what can you say? Oh, look, it's both. It's both, right? I added this. I actually put this into Google Translate. So if it's messed up, those who know French and Italian or whatever do fix it. But yeah, so I added the English on there and I actually put that in my change thing that I said added translated section for Saturday Live Gas. Oh, look at that. So it really doesn't tell the long, long, long story, but she comes in and the card, Cardelac, became Lord of La Capelle and soon married at court, a young Italian woman of great beauty, Victorian di Aquino was a maid of honor to Catherine de Medici. Whoa. That's her big deal. So if you want to know who the de Medici are, that is a big deal. That's the information on that. I wonder if that's Cadelac? Yeah, I was wondering that too. All right, so back to where we were. So picking one is impossible. This one's from Chris Miller. My mom is amazing. She has been a volunteer for more organizations than I count. My dad and mom have known each other for 67 years and almost married for 65. Dad says in those 67 years, she has been a consistent volunteer for food pantries, kids organizations, clothing pantries, battered women's shelters and church charities. So blessed to have her as a mom. And he goes on and he talks about other important women in his life. We're gonna jump on over to another page. William Beers says, this is an easy one for me. My favorite female ancestor is my great aunt, Molly. She's the one who got me interested in genealogy in the first place. She is Molly Julia Beers, one of the first women to become in a certified x-ray technician attending schools in Chicago and Eastman School for x-ray technicians in Rochester, New York. Molly did the research to become a member of the Daughters of American Revolution back when it meant hours of research in libraries just to find one person, no genealogy websites. She was a superintendent of nursing both at Johnstown Memorial Hospital and Cambria Steel Hospital. And she was the past president of the Pennsylvania Nursing Association, William Beers, that's his mom, Molly Julia Beers. That's his favorite ancestor. Let's move on to the next one. Let's see, this is from Deborah Dumont. My great grandmother, Libby Cohen Milksy had a sister, Anne, who was my great aunt. She was known as Annie Lundendary to hide her Jewish ancestry. Oh, wow. There you go. The first woman to ride a bicycle around the world. How long did it take, does it say? What's that? How long did it take? You know, lots of articles, movement in the Women's Liberation Movement in the late 1900s. It doesn't say that. Gert Pants, which allowed women to ride bicycle. Doesn't really say, we can check on her profile. Let's see. Somebody say her last name. Kopschowski. There you go. Let's see. Cohen, aka Lundendary, aka Bly. She's from Latvia, Russia. Let's see. She passed away in 1947. She did it in the late 1800s. I guess we could look it up. Somebody in the chat can look that up. Yeah, the mic on my keyboard is right by the, yeah. If I start typing to Google things. Yep, no. It'll bang your ears. We don't like it when you do that. No, no. Let's see. That was a fun one. That's neat. I gotta catch up to where I am. There we go. Let's see. The next one, oh, has a picture. Where's Sarah? Picture. Okay. Are you switching tabs? Oh, I am. There we go. Thank you very much. No problem. I got used to that. There are many I could choose from, but one that certainly stood out and contributed to the history of women and how they fought and changed the landscape of our times. My great aunt, Esther Emilia Lauren, 1917 Esther applied in London for emergency passport to the United Kingdom and France as a US Army nurse. This is 1917. In 1920, the Army Reorganization Act came into effect. Nurses were granted officer status with relative rank from second lieutenant to major, but not full rights and privileges. So that's a pretty cool picture too. Yeah, that's fun. I like that one. Let's see, let me change my tab. My favorite answer, sir, this is from Jim Butka. June, excellent. Is June here yet? Yeah, she's here. Is she? Okay. Look at this. Mindy's being our fashionista today. Yeah, that's right. Yeah, I had to get this, St. Patrick's Day plus the wiki tree. And hey, Lynn. Greg say hi, Lynn. Hi, Lynn. I told him we'd say hi. Yeah. That was fun. Lynn is Mindy's other half and it was great to run into him and meet him at Rootstuck. And he actually wore the best, brightest wiki tree I'm sure I've ever seen. Now I want one. My favorite female ancestor, this is from June Butka. Shirley P. Stearns. She's a humiliation of her female ancestors before her. She was a strong independent woman knew how to cook, clean and work the farm, fixed cars, care for her family. Her grace and faith are why I honor her during her long battle with lymphatic cancer. She's taught grace and hold onto her faith when faced with adversity. That is a lesson she passed on to me. I love this story and I'm gonna show you the picture. She spent her final months cutting quilt squares for each of her grandchildren. Now my grandmother, mama, mama of Campbell used to send birthday cards to all of her grandchildren. And after she died, I got Chris birthday card still that she had written out before she passed. Isn't that fun? No. Yeah. So I know how that feels. So June's, she spent her final months quilting quilt squares for each of her grandchildren to give on their wedding day. She also crocheted quilt squares and attached Bible verses to give the attendees at her funeral. She dealt with the pain by working on her projects, planning her funeral arrangements and listening to her gospel music on CD. She taught her family how to be heaven bound. Just fill in there, heaven found with grace and composure. I say heaven bound because that's what she was working on there. And here is a picture. Let me find her. There we go. There she is. Looks like she's going to pull a name out of a bowl there to give a prize. We can't see the picture, thanks. Yeah. Oh, sorry. I got to remember to switch that tab. Yeah. There she is. Oh. Isn't that sweet? And look at the dogs on the quilt pattern. Oh man. Wow. There we go. Is that a dog in her lap as well there? Yes. Isn't it? Yes. Okay, so in Sarah's honor, there's the dog of the week. There's the dog of the week, Sarah. Okay, so let's go on to the next one. Where was I? William Beers, June Butka. Almost done here. Wow. All right, so I never got to meet any of the women. Oh, here it is. It's the one before. This is from Sophia Glover. Probably the Mioris. Waniwani Napu'i and Katrina Mora Mora. And I looked to see if I could find them and here is Katrina Mora Mora's profile. So some of these, the profiles I'm pulling up need a little bit of work, but goodness gracious. And then there was also this one and that is Waniwani is whatever. So these are a majority from New Zealand, the South Stewart Islands and such. That was pretty cool to have. And the favorite answer of the week was voted by Sophia Glover, who just answered that question. And it is, it's hard to ignore the one who powdered my butt only to set it on fire in the years it followed. It's hard not to include my mom's mom who died almost 30 years before I was born giving birth to my uncle. Then there is my first mystery grandma that connected me to the tree, to wiki tree. Or maybe it was the grandmas I share with George Washington. I forget all their names. Maybe it is the one I haven't yet to find. I have yet to find. Maybe one that had a grandma or grandpa by mistake and never contributed to their upbringing either by force or by choice by the lowest common denominator. They all sacrificed and contributed equally in the making of this thing called me. And that is from Kay Smith. Thank you, Kay. I like your answers often. So thank you very much for that. And got the best answer this week. And I agree with that. So that is the question of the week. And we have a, Lisa, Lisa looked up how long it took in the London Dairy, like 15 months. Wow. Yeah. Weeks under the allotted time. The allotted time. Wow. Wow. Amazing. Thanks, Lisa. Thanks, Lisa. That's great. All right. So over to you. Okay. Great. So the profiles of the week are all about mathematicians because of course this week on Tuesday it was March 14th, which was Pi Day. Yay. Oh, Meg says, what's she doing? 1, 2, 3, oh, 3.14, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 3, 9, 8. Anyways, that goes on and on. Of course, Pi is an irrational number. And so the digits go on forever and ever. But, but most often we play March 14th, which is like 3.14 ish is what they, we've designated as Pi Day. So we often celebrate that. Blueberry Pi. What's that? Blueberry Pi. Yes. Did you have Blueberry Pi on Pi Day, Megs? No. No, it was my son Zach's birthday. So. Oh, nice. I usually have whatever he chooses. Yes. Yes. Well, I didn't actually have, we didn't actually have Pi on Pi Day, but the next day we had Pizza Pi. And that's actually when we had the family over and I made Shamrock Shakespeare once. So it's sort of in a combination of mathematics and Irish celebrations all week. Hence my get up and what not. So, but anyways, this is a great group of profiles this week. Celebrating lots of great mathematicians. So let us start off with Augusta Ada Lovelace. Augusta Ada Lovelace was born on the 10th of December, 1815 in London, England. She's actually the daughter of Lord Byron, the poet. This is Texas closest. Oh, very cool. Yeah. She's my cousin, distant cousin, 17th cousin, six times removed. Ooh. I know. But yeah, her father was the famous poet Lord Byron. And she was born just not quite a year after her parents got married. But her father in early 1816, so the next year, her father left for Europe, leaving Ada in the custody of her mother. And I think this is funny because her not wanting her to become a poet like her father, Ada's mother decided to make sure she was well versed in mathematics and science. So she hired tutor to teach her. I guess Lord Byron might have been a bit of a near dwell when it comes to family life. I'm not sure. I'm just guessing from that. So she even had, she had a famous mathematician as one of her tutors. She became fascinated with flight. And when she was young, she said she wanted to write a book on flyology. She called it. So a bit of a child prodigy there. In 1833, she met Charles Babbage, who you might be familiar with as basically the first designer of a computer. He designed what was called the difference engine, which was basically a calculator back in 1833, so before calculators were a thing. Though he had the plans for it, it was never actually completed and he never actually finished building it. And he also designed something called the analytical engine, which is basically the world's first computer or the schematic for the computer. So he designed the computer and Ada basically designed some programs for that computer. So that's why she's known as the first programmer. Anyway, she got married, had some children. And so here it is. She's just often described as the first computer programmer because when she was working on, she was working on helping to edit a piece of work. And her notes to sort of elaborate on the work that she was doing the editing, she basically designed a program to demonstrate the math that was being explained there. In the notes, so. And the programming was actually done on a version of punch cards. So before we had computer disks and even tapes for writing, for storing programs, people used to use punch cards, back in the 50s, 60s and 70s. But the century before, that same technology was originally used on looms to actually create patterns. So they put punches and then the looms would, the holes in the punches would determine which threads would be woven in. And so she used that same technology to actually program this original computer. So it was very cool. And player pianos. And player pianos, yeah, same sort of principle, exactly. So, very cool. There's actually a computer programming language called EDA that was named after Ada Lovelace. Nice. There's some really striking images on that profile. Yeah, so there she is playing piano because she is a musician. Look at that, yeah. She has a, her, the end of her life was a little sad. She was a gambling addict. And then her health wasn't good and she was prescribed a lot of them, which you know is, you know, it's not so good. So, so bad to said. And she died at the same age as her father, which is a way too young age of 36 years old. Oh my goodness. I know, isn't that crazy? Yeah. Terrible. Yeah. So, she may not, she didn't follow his line of work in terms of poetry, but she did follow his short time span, sadly. Anyways, the next one, hopefully this will be a little cheerier. Robert Stong, burned the 23rd of August, 1936 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Are there Oklahoma cities in other states? I know there are Kansas cities that are not in Kansas, but are there Oklahoma cities that are not in Oklahoma? I don't think so. Okay. That would be weird, but who knows? Well, I thought it was weird that there's Kansas cities that aren't in Kansas. So, yeah. It was right on the border, right on the river, isn't it? Oh, is that? Kansas City, Missouri and Kansas City, Kansas? Oh, okay. Anyways, let me just move on after I do it. He was a mathematician at the university, in Virginia, and he proved the Hatori-Stong theorem. So, he might, and then talks about here in his profile, about graduating from the University of Oklahoma with a degree in mathematics and physics, and then a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Chicago. Did you go to the University of Chicago, Betsy? No, no, I went to, I worked there for a while, but I went to Brown. That's where I was at. I was a math major there. Yay! I'm impressed. Brown, wow. Thank you. Yeah. And then Robert did his postdoctoral fellowship at Oxford University in the system of mathematics there. He authored numerous articles on topology, and that is what his famous theorem, so he's the stong in the Hatori-Stong theorem, and which is all about topology. So, topology, so I looked it up on, so the Hatori-Stong theorem. In algebraic topology, it was proven by Robert Stong and Akio Hatori. He's an isomorphism between the stable homotopy of a tom spectrum and the primitive elements of a k-homology, which of course, are a bunch of words that don't make any sense to most people, and I studied, I did study algebra and some topology in my mathematics undergrad, but, and I'd heard of this name, the name before, but I didn't study this theorem. But to help you out, understand a little bit, let me just share this Wikipedia. So, I'm homotopy. Are we ever gonna use this in real life? Oh! Have a hole, have a hole! Basically, it's that, so the idea is that it maps one thing onto another so that there's a definite, you can transform something that looks like one thing into another shape, okay? So, here's an example, like just a 2D example. So, the two paths there, you see, there's the dotted path at the top, which is a gentle curve, and this other one, which is a more radical curve, but one can transform it together, you can see by the animation there. So, that's- And all of the people who use the type of graphics, like GEMP and stuff like that, you know what this is, transforming the path. Yeah, that's exactly it, yeah. So, any morphing, any type of morphing or animation uses this sort of process. But a cooler, even a cooler example, is that when you apply the same thing into 3D, you get something like this, where a donut is essentially the same thing as a coffee cup. It just, if you just, it just can morph because it has basically that same, anyways, same sort of shape, right? You just sort of- Donut, we've been talking about Tim Horton, so maybe- Yeah, I know. There we go. Donuts and coffee cups, they're natural. Anyways, so that is the application of that. So, there we go. That is, I'm gonna say that's the end of your math lessons for today, but I can't guarantee I won't go into new nothing. No, no. No, no. Okay, our next profile of the week, look at it, it's not even half past yet. So I've got, I'm doing well for time. Brain calisthenics, thanks Mary, I like that. So Alan Matheson Turing was born on the 23rd of June, 1912 in Meda Vale, London, England. He's the son of Julius Matheson Turing and Ethel Sarastoni. Passed away way too young again at the age of 41 on the 7th of June, 1954. So he's the founder, he's a famous mathematician and computer scientist, cryptographer, founder of computer, he's recognized as a founder of computer science and one of his most famous and most important works was actually during World War II. He was the one who helped break the enigma code. Yes, he did. Yeah. And did he really die because he put poison in an apple and bit into it? Yeah. And is it really an homage to him from apples that their apple has a bite out of it? Oh, I did not. That's what I've heard. I don't know if it's true. That is very cool. And I'm talking to two Apple users, so come on guys. Oh, that is very cool. I don't know. I'd love that to be the, that makes sense to me. Yeah. I can see. Look at your apple. Take a look at it. There's a bite out of your apple. I can visualize it. I don't need to say it at all. Yeah, that's very cool. Yeah, so the German enigma machine was the one that encrypted all of their messages that they sent out to the U-boots and whatnot. The Germans, yeah. The Germans did, yes. And those messages were intercepted because they just went over radio waves. So anyone could hear them, but because they're encrypted, no one could understand what they meant. But Turing was able to build a machine that could decrypt that, those messages. And so that helped them in the end to win the war. And there's this picture of this giant machine, which is basically the machine that he built. It was, they called it a bomb, bomb with an E at the end. And there was a Polish version of it earlier, but he improved version of that. So that was very cool. He actually was made an order of the, got the Order of the British Empire from King George VI in 1945, right after the war. But that had to remain a secret for many years because of course of national security. Ah, okay, makes sense. Then he went on to design the automatic computing engine, presented a paper on writing the details of a stored program computer. So basically that you could write programs and they could be stored on a computer. One of the things that he's most famous for is something called a Turing test. And basically that is a test because one of the things he theorized was about artificial intelligence. Way before it became a thing. And his idea was that a computer could be designed or could be considered intelligent if it passed what was known as the Turing test. That if a human interrogator could not tell the computer apart from a human. So given a series of conversations, if they couldn't tell that they were talking to a computer instead of talking to a human being, then the computer would have been considered to have passed the Turing test and though- I wonder what he would have thought of chat GPT. I know, yeah. I think it's getting closer there. But the other thing, I've got a prop here. This is my Turing hat. Now I'm not gonna put it on my head because as Meg's pointed out before the show began, I don't know how to wear hats. I'm just, I'm not a baseball cap guy. I just never wore them growing up. That is a cool hat. But it's a cool hat. So Turing, when I taught high school computer science, we taught a number of different languages. But one of the languages we taught was called Turing. And this is the, their company colors were orange because I was a computer science teacher and I taught other teachers how to teach it. I got some hats. And that is a Turing hat for cycling. It is a Turing hat for cycling. I'm not a fan of that. It's a double entendre. I had, I, because I was a teacher, I was able to get a few extras. So when our kids were little, I had one for each of them. Which they did wear cause they knew how to wear hats. So whenever we were out anywhere, I could, we could always spot them. Perfect. So anyways, that's my little aside on that. Donald Knuth Knuth was born in the 30s and is still living. Hence he doesn't have a debt date. He has a computer scientist, a mathematician and professor emeritus at Stanford University called the father of the analysis of algorithms. Son of Irvin Henry Knuth and Louise Marie Boning. You attended Case Western Reserve Institute and the California Institute of Technology. Mathematician and computer science employed at the computer science department at Stanford. His textbook, he was a textbook author of the art of computer programming and major contributions to the analysis of algorithms and the design of programming languages. So one of the things, so in terms of the analysis of algorithms, and this is one thing I did study and anyone who's in computer science does study it is that you can write programs to do anything and most programs are either a series of sequential steps or loops where you repeat the same calculation over and over again and then is statements. So depending on the on a calculation you can either do this or you can do that or you can do something else. So those are logic statements. So those are the three basic structures. See I do math. Yes, Megs does a lot of math. She's an applied mathematician because she's an engineer. So pure mathematicians don't like to get her hands dirty like they don't like to get her hands dirty but Megs isn't afraid to do the real heavy work. Yeah, I was pure math. Yeah. My senior project was on fractals and the department would not recognize it because it wasn't pure enough. It was too... Oh no. It was too chaotic. It was too chaotic. So Greg, I have a question for you. Yes. How many people do you think are musicians in this group? In this group? No, in this group we know all three of us are. All three of us are, yeah. The group that we're looking at. Oh. Well, we saw, Ada was at the piano there. I bet you a lot, many of them are but it's not all written on their profiles though. That would be an interesting thing to find out because there's definitely a high correlation between math and music. For sure. Well, I have a surprise for you. You do? Let's see if I can get it up. Hold on, there we go. Patty Waldron, one of my favorite wiki-triers that I got to spend time with in Dublin when I spoke at Genetic Genealogy Ireland, he sent me an email and he said, Mags, I bet Greg doesn't know this. So just to show you, he posted in GDG, you didn't see it. I did not. So he had to email me and he actually knows Donald Knuth. Oh no, Chrissy. Oh no. Met him at Trinity College Dublin because he got to do some visiting there. He and his colleague and mentor Tim Murphy interested, introduced him to text in his student days. That's his expert computing language kind of thing. And so he's talking about how he did genealogy on this in this format and introduced Donald Knuth to it for genealogy. He made him run across campus and get some of his printouts and bring it back. No way. And I think Patty finally gave up and caught up, not caught up, but got out of the math mode and came over to wiki-tree and realized the error of his ways for so many years thinking he could do it on his own. But he has some interesting stuff here. So if you go and look for Donald Knuth in the, or Knuth in the questions, you will find Patty's post here. But there's something more interesting about this. Yes. Let me click over. He's an organist. Wow. How cool is that? Oh look at that. And this is the organ of Don and Jill Knuth. At their home? At their home. 812 pipes. Three of visions. Look at that. Wow. Oh and it even tells you the stops on it. Oh, that is so cool. So Patty wanted me to make sure that you understood you had something very much so in common with this fella. That is very cool. Thank you so much, Patty. Oh, that is very cool. Very cool. Patty, this was before the show we were talking about the succession, right? Yeah. So someone had suggested to me that, because I had talked about, I've had some amazing math teachers. I had an amazing math teacher, a high school math teacher, who was the only Canadian who was the president of National Council of Teachers and Mathematics, which is a vast North American Mathematics Teachers Association. And then I had also an incredible university math prof. And someone suggested that, on WikiTree, the succession charts that you see, for kings and queens, the previous one and the previous one and whatnot, suggested that I do something like that for a student of math of this person who was a student of math of that person. So Patty, you could do that with Donald Knuth. You could say. Well, he says that he only met him once, but the fact that the man made him on campus to get his stuff, I know something. That's pretty cool. That's pretty cool. Yeah. Very cool. Well, thanks for sharing that, Patty. And thanks, Matt. Thanks for sharing that. Ah, excellent, Mary. Yes. There's definitely- Hey, didn't mean to send you off your rocker on that. Oh, that's okay. I'm off my rocker often. Anyways, yeah. So there we go. There you go, Donald. So he, I was going to talk about the analysis of algorithms. So, but anyways, that's one of the things- Instead we talked about his organ. Okay. Moving on to Criola Catherine Coleman, Johnson. Born Criola Catherine Johnson. Coleman, Coleman's maiden name. Daughter of Joshua McKinley Coleman and Joylett Roberta Lowell. Most famous American physicist, aerospace technologist and mathematicians whose calculations as a human computer were an essential component of the success of the United States Aeronautics and Space Program. So many of you might be familiar with Catherine Johnson because if you've watched the movie Hidden Figures, she was one of the three women who were highlighted in that movie. And she lived to be, yes, with the 101. She just passed away a few years ago. 24th of February, 2020. So she was still alive when that movie came out. I think she was the only one of the three that was still alive at that time. But she was, yeah, in late January, she and her family were still living in White Sulphur, West Virginia. She was the youngest of four children. There was no high school for black students in her county. So her family lived, they divided their time between their home and then to a place called Institute, West Virginia, where there was a high school located on the campus of West Virginia State College. And so that their children could continue their education. And then she attained her Bachelor of Science in Mathematics in French at the West Virginia State College, Summa Cum Laude, and became one of the first, one of the three first African-Americans and the very first African-American woman to attend graduate school at the same location, the same place, West Virginia University. She got married in 1940 and had three daughters, who all became mathematicians and teachers. That's great. And then she joined NASA in 1958. Or she joined, actually, she joined before it became NASA. It was the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. And then it became NASA and she was working there as a versus a computer and then as a aerospace technologist. So I find it interesting, they called the work that she did, they called her a computer because she would do these calculations, I think, mostly in her head. And then people relied on those calculations. She worked as a member of NASA's tracking teams, responsible for early orbital missions. And her calculations were critical for determining the orbits of the spacecraft. And somewhere there, where is it here? Yeah, one of the officials called on Johnson to verify the computer's numbers. Glenn asked for her specifically and refused to fly unless she verified the calculations. Isn't that cool? That is, Glenn's awesome. I think that is just the coolest thing, yeah. Anyways, this is a really well done profile. And then there's the movie was in 2016 that it came out, Hidden Figures tells the story. So Patty Waldron is checking up on the rumor. Oh. It says that the Sun newspaper isn't necessarily a great source, but it quotes Rob Jenoff who designed the Apple logo saying that it was designed with a bite so it wouldn't be confused with a cherry. But I like the Alan Turing rumor. I like the Alan Turing one better. It's very poetic. Yes, yes. Both could be true. They could be. Anyways, Captain Johnson. And then the other profile of the week was also highlighted in that movie is Mary Eliza Winston who married Levi Jackson. So Mary Eliza Jackson. An African-American mathematician and aerospace engineer became NASA's first black female engineer for work as a human computer like Captain Johnson. For NASA was later depicted in the film, Hidden Figures. And after she passed away, she was posthumously received the Congressional Gold Medal and NASA named their headquarters building after her in her honor. Did you know that? No. No, that's pretty impressive. Yes. Her siblings were raised by her parents in Elisabeth City, in Virginia. She graduated with a degree in mathematics and physical science in 1942, married in 44. She worked as a teacher, a bookkeeper, clerk, prior to being recruited by NASA. And then she began working as a research mathematician, also referred to as a computer, which is really wild. What is that medallion? That it's too, I can't see. That's her Congressional Gold Medal that she was awarded posthumously. I see. Yeah. Beautiful. Yeah, very neat. She died on February 11th, 2005 at age 83. So, but before her, like so she had a great career, but in work for several NASA divisions, authored 12 technical papers and she received the most senior title within the engineering department. But then, and this is wild, impressive, wildly impressive to me, she voluntarily took a demotion so that she could serve in the equal opportunity field and assist women in obtaining careers in science engineering and mathematics at NASA. She shouldn't have had to take a demotion to do that. She should have been able to do that and still keep her rank or pay or whatever. But impressive that she, I mean, obviously that's important work and she recognized that. Nice. Yeah, very cool. Martha Rosalie Lofton, daughter of William Lofton and LaVinia Day, born on the 11th of September 1890 in Washington, D.C. She is known, was an American mathematician and educator and the first African-American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics, which she earned from the Catholic University of America in 1943. First child and only daughter of William Lofton who was a dentist and a financier and her mother was a kindergarten teacher. She was a valedictorian of her high school in 1907, graduated from the University of D.C. with a distinction in a degree in education in 1909, went on to earn an undergraduate mathematics major and psychology minor from Smith College, got married in 1917, and then earned a master's degree in education from the University of Chicago. Chicago's showing up a lot here, Betsy. Yeah. Yeah. Well. And then. And then in 1943, she gained her PhD from the Catholic University of America with a dissertation, which provides by Aubrey Landry entitled, the determination of sets of independent conditions characterizing certain special cases of symmetric correspondences. So she was in her fifties when she got her doctorate. Yeah. That's impressive. That is, yeah. Very impressive. She taught in public schools for 47 years, became the first woman to chair the D.C. Board of Education. So on which she served through 67. And she, she argued discriminatory. She was an outspoken critic of the track system, which she argued discriminated against African-American students. And that's interesting. Cause that was in, whether that would have been when she was the chair of the board. So back in 67, in education, people are still arguing about that. And the track system being that, you know, at a certain point in your career, often like grade eight, you choose to go, you know, to this stream or this stream to go into high school or whatever, right? Sometimes it's called general and advanced, or sometimes it's called college. Technical college, yeah. Actual vocational, like there's lots of different names for it. And the concept, you know, often, you know, in people who are arguing on favoritiveness is that then you, you're more suited to the types of courses for your destination and your, your ability so that you feel better about how you're doing in school because you're not doing stuff that's either too hard or too easy and whatnot. We had the track system. Oh yeah. And sort of- And now my high school, now they go with the schools that are forgotten what they call them, but my high school is now the math and science high school. So magnet schools. Yeah, magnet schools, there you go. Yeah. So, I mean, there's a lot on paper. And in theory, there's lots of value to that. If you, you know, if you're going into the right stream, that's best for you. The problem with that though, is that for some people, the way that you get channeled or pegged isn't fair. I mean, it isn't fair in that, you know, by, you know, grade eight maybe too soon for someone to really know what they want. And depending on a whole pile of background, you know, former teachers or your home life or whatever, you're just not doing your potential. So what you see as your potential in grade eight or what your teacher sees as your potential in grade eight, may not really be a fair assessment. And so lots of people get channeled to lower streams that, you know, shouldn't, you know, who have potential for greater, greater good. And in Ontario, in fact, the most recent changes in the curriculum are trying to address that. Grade nine mathematics and some other subjects now are de-streamed so that though that channeling or that separating doesn't happen till, you know, at least the next year, which of course is makes it more difficult. R started in ninth grade. What's that? R started in ninth grade, the tracks. But I mean, that brings other challenges because you have, you got such a wide, as a teacher, you've got such a wide range to deal with and stuff. So there's arguments on both sides, but the problem that, that, that let me, Martha argued against is that there's a disproportionate, it's disproportionately unfair for students who come from challenging homes and black and native backgrounds. Cause I mean, in many cases, the tests are written by, you know, European backgrounds and they assume certain knowledges and, you know, things that are easy. And also I was just gonna say, students from those backgrounds might have parents working multiple jobs, advocate for them and, you know, they get, they have doors shut to them. Yeah, that's right. Yeah, so impressive that, you know, she was a pioneer in that thinking. And of course that those arguments are still going on in education and there's still things, but Mary's got a point. There's so many different types of intelligence out there and the school systems are not always the best, though many are trying and there are people are certainly trying to get better and better at recognizing that. And I certainly tried, but, and I know Betsy tries, I'm sure. Anyways, moving on. How, okay, I just, We just heard a whole soliloquy on. I'm sorry. Okay, Greg, we love you. Oh, good. It was good from the heart, it was passionate. It was, it was very passionate. Yeah, there we go. I'm flying a little bit here, I've got tears. Okay, Johan Carl Friedrich Gauss. Okay, he's one of my favorite mathematicians because there's a cool story about him that did not show up in the Wikitru profile. But anyways, he's born on the 30th of April, 1777 in Branach-Speig Heiliger-Röhrmische Reich, the Holy Roman Empire. And he was a German mathematician, astronomer, physicist who contributed significantly to many fields of mathematics, science, including number theory, algebra, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, mechanics, agoleptro statics, astronomy, matrix theory, and optics. So he's done a lot. His work, Gauss' is huge in terms of mathematics and algebra and what he's done. And there's a really, it's a good, it's a good profile, it gives, you know, all the sort of the biographical stuff about him and whatnot, his father had a bunch of jobs, his mother was a literate, but she did never, she didn't record the date of his birth, but she did remember that he was born on a Wednesday, eight days before the Feast of the Ascension. So just knowing that, you can go to the calendar, you can figure exactly where it went when he was born. So that's kind of cool. Are you checking your pulse, Betsy? You're still alive. I am still alive, though, I'm just... So the story about Gauss is that he was, and it's not in the profile here, so maybe there's not an actual source for it and this may be one of those stories that has been mythicized or mythologized throughout the years, but was that he was a very pretentious student and would finish his work early and was a real pain in the butt for his teachers. So one of his teachers thought, well, this guy is driving me nuts and I wanna give him something to do, like some busy work to, you know, to so that he would get out of my hair. So the teacher said, okay, okay, Johann, I want you to add up all the numbers from one to 100 and I don't wanna hear from you until you've got the answer. So he thought he was giving him, you know, like he thought he had half an hour of quiet time. Well, he had signed this test. A minute later, Gauss had the answer. And of course, the reason, and the answer he gave is used in a number of different calculations for which he's named, but basically what he did is he took the numbers from one to 100, wrote them down here and then wrote the same numbers in the opposite order, so 100 to one. And if you notice, every one will have, there'll be a one and then a 100 and then there'll be two and 99 and then three and 98 and each of those pairs adds up to 101 and you add them all up and you've got 100 of them because you knew that you counted 100, so 100 times 101, but you've got two of the set, you just have to divide it in half to get the actual number. So he did it very quickly because he was smart. Do we know what age he was supposed to have been when he did that? What's that? Do we know what age he was supposed to have been when he did that? He was supposed to, it was in grade school, so. Oh, wow. Yeah. Anyways, that's my favorite story about Gauss. And there's lots of things named after him, including a math contest for grade, I think grade nine students. And next we have Albert Einstein. Albert Einstein, of course, famous born on Pi Day itself, the 14th of March. And I'm sure everyone is familiar with his theoretical physicist, famous for a theory of relativity, the mass energy equivalence formula, which E equals MC squared made important contributions to quantum mechanics, changed the previously valid Newtonian worldview relative in quantum mechanics from the base of modern physics. So lots of things, good, very good profile here. And so I recommend you reading it. One of the things, so a couple of things, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in physics in 1922, but initially he was up for it in 1921, but they couldn't figure out, they couldn't really prove the thing that he had discovered, the committee couldn't figure out how to prove it. So like they can't give an award for a prize in physics if they can't actually validate that the thing is true. So they couldn't validate the theory of relativity. So they gave him the Nobel Prize in 1922 for on one of his previous dissertations on optics. Cause that's something they could figure out. But they made a sort of a side comment about the other one. Then he actually did come, he is a Jewish background. So in 1933, he left Germany. He actually, what's the word? Emigrated? Yeah, he emigrated to America and he declined, it's not declined, your German citizenship, renounced his German citizenship, which then a few years later, the Nazi government canceled it or annulled it anyways. So it's sort of a, you can't quit, I'm firing you, but you can't fire me, I quit sort of thing. Then became an American citizen. And when Israel became a state, I didn't realize this. He was offered to become the first president of Israel, but he refused. So that was interesting. So, very impressive. His son, Albert, lived in my home city of Greenville, South Carolina. Really? They were in and out of Greenville a lot. So that was, yeah. That is neat. Neat. Okay. It's a small world. It is a small world. Play the music. Do-do-do-do, after all. John Charles Fields, PhD, is our Canadian entry. Do-do-do-do-do-do. He was born in 1963 in Hamilton, in Canada West, before Canada officially became a country in 67. Son of John Fields and Henrietta Bose. Canadian mathematician, he was a university professor and he founder of the International Medal for Mathematics Research, known as the Fields Medal. It is regarded as one of the highest honors as a mathematician can receive, and it's been described as the Nobel Prize of Mathematics. So it's given out and only three or four max can be given out in a year. And it's for someone who's done impressive work in mathematics research. And the other criteria is you have to be 40 or less. So it... We have to be a youngster. You have to be a youngster to do it. So I'm no longer qualified. Not that I have done any level of mathematics worthy of this sort of thing. But anyways, the University of Toronto is where he graduated from. And there's actually a Fields Institute that's based out of the University of Toronto, in his name. And in fact, the Math Association that I worked with and have been associated with, the Ontario Association for Mathematics Education, we have one member of our board who always goes to and is affiliated with the Fields Institute. So very cool, very impressive person who's done lots of stuff for mathematics. Music was a great joy to him. There he goes. He played violin and loved dancing. But in his habits of life, he was abstinious avoiding tea, coffee, alcohol and condiments. And he did not smoke. Interesting. I didn't know that about him. You knew that? I did not. You did not know about that, yeah. That's interesting. And then the last mathematician is again a cousin of mine, 14th cousin, 13th time she's been. Mother Apple. Another Apple. Yes, Isaac Newton. Born on Christmas Day, 1642, in Wolfsworth by Colster or Lincolnshire, England. So the son of another Isaac Newton and Hannah Escoff. Do not alter the birth and death dates, says the research notes. And do you know why that is? The Gregorian chant calendar. Exactly, the Gregorian chant calendar. Do not alter these dates. Actually, it's funny you say that because the high school math teacher that I told you that was amazing. Before he became, well, he was always a math teacher, but he was actually a Catholic priest at one point. And then he left the priesthood and actually found another mathematician and then they got married. But he was already, he'd already left the priesthood before he met her. Anyways, in grade nine, when he was teaching factoring, he would, one of the things you have to do is you always look for the common factor. And so that we would remember that, he would always sing it in Gregorian chant. He goes, look for the common factor. And every time he talked about that rule, he would go from just plain speaking into Gregorian chant. So that it was embedded in our brains and we couldn't forget that. But anyways, yes, that's exactly it. The Julian calendar came in. Yes. And so those birth dates or the dates before, but there was actually a decree that you weren't supposed to do the calculation. Just leave them as they are. I wanna point out that our good friend, Hilary Gatsby just arrived for our regular start time in England and our clocks had changed. We're sorry Hilary, and we're gonna appreciate you re-watching this later. That's right, yeah. So he went to school. He attended Grantham Grammar School. And those who liked the Downton Abbey, that's where Grantham. Oh, sure. Yeah. Lord Grantham. Lord Grantham, yeah. Lord Grantham didn't live in that house. Well, no, I guess. No, he lived in a different house. Yeah, but it's still that area. The name is familiar. He went to Trinity College, graduated, though apparently he wasn't an exceptional student and he discovered the gravitational effect, of course, Newton and gravity and all that. He became a teacher, became the Lucatian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge in 69. He later invented calculus. Invented calculus. That's pretty cool. Pretty impressive. Evil man. Oh, I love calculus and algebra. Greg, yeah, calculus, no. Yeah. And he also discovered the laws of motion, theories of gravitation, the philosophy on naturalist Principia Mathematica, was his book on Principia, for short, considered one of the single greatest contributions in the history of science and laid the foundations for classical mechanics. So lots of cool stuff. And I think that's about all I'm going to say about that. I don't believe you. I think you're gonna, I think you should talk to us more about math. No, I think I've done enough. I got a little excited today. Those were great. Thank you, Greg. So we're just about halfway through March. I thought you was gonna say halfway through the live cast. Yeah. We haven't looked at photos of the week or of the month. And the theme for photos this month is sports. So we have just five photos. So I encourage you to look in your albums and your boxes or wherever you keep your photo treasures and look for photos that show sport. But the ones we do have are fantastic. This is from M. Ross and it's his father-in-law, Bob Dodds and Avid Fisherman. And there are actually a lot of Canadian photos in this bunch. So I'm gonna ask Mags or Greg to help with this pronunciation, Bob Cajun. Thank you. Oh, Bob Cajun. Yes, yes. So that's where this photo is taken. There are other pictures of him on other occasions with his catch seems like he knew what he was doing. He's got quite a few there. And this is from Alexis. Her cousin, her first cousin is up at the top of the pyramid, number 63, Jeff Marvin. She says that one of the happiest times of his life were his football days in high school. Sadly, the next year he was drafted and sent to Vietnam where he was wounded twice. Very, very handsome. Looks like he would have been a great football player. Yeah. This is a postcard from Pat Miller. Am I right? Yes, Pat Miller. So no relation to her, but she just has a great collection of postcards and the photo is called The Sports of Children reminding us that what was called sport changes from century to century. Nice. Very sweet little, I like her bathing costume. Her bathing costume. Well, that's what year it was. Does it say? Well, maybe Pat could tell us. Yeah. Okay. We have, John Thompson gave us these three shots of aquaplaning. And so people were talking about water skiing, but then like if you look closely, it's a board, not skiing. And so there was a lot of, this is where did this come from? It's from... BC. Yes. Oh, okay. Okanagan. Okanagan. Okanagan, right? British Columbia. And it's from his father's album. How fun. Yeah. We call that knee boarding now and you kneel on it. Oh, and people do flips in the air and the board says because of centrifugal force. Back to mathing, Harry. Oh, okay. Not for me, but. Oh. And then our last one is from Brian Ash. And this is his grandfather's brother. Nice. Beth Anderson. And Brian, I have to say, I love how all of your male ancestors have these very, very cool middle names, nicknames, gumps. Oh yeah, gumps. Hitler, Rodney, so much personality. Oh, that's great. And there's, Brian tells a great story in, by the way, you should go into this post and upvote all the photos. And there's stories in the thread underneath this about the one pair. He got all his teeth. Does he? Looks like. Yeah. Yeah. He played too hard. Well, he had, he had quite a history in a career in hockey. And there's a great story about how the family had one pair of skates, which the boys would fight over and their mother, mother settled it by giving one skate to each boy. So they got, they learned how to play hockey. That is a Canadian story. Every family has that story in Canada. So. That's great. Yeah. Brian. And then a quick, quick tip of the week. So I will go to hang on one second. I will go to wiki tree. I'll share this tab instead. Here is one of the reasons that I love the wiki tree browser extension. And it's quick and it's easy. I don't know if you've noticed that when you install the browser extension, you all of a sudden have this new menu heading called my menu. And if you click on it, you get this whole big thing. Sorry if you're seeing a pop up. Okay. And the first few times I was intent on whatever I was trying to go and I just got rid of it. And then finally one day when I had some time, I was looking at this and I realized I could create my own custom dropdown menu. Yeah. To get the places you go to. Yes. Yeah. So I have here, here's what I've created. These are like my top 10 things that I do most often. If there's anything over here, this is like the collection of everything in the other pull down menu. Supposing I want to do DNA. I saw that. Boom. You just click on it. You add it. If I want to take something off, I click on it over there and it disappears. Although I do want projects, so I'll have to add that back later. So this is really made my life easier on WikiTree. Lisa says that they have not made a browser extension for Safari yet and that is probably correct. I'm not doubting that in the least. Well, they're working on it. They are working on it. They are working on it. And Jamie is, I mean, that's one of her top priorities that she's working on over the next however long it takes, but there's a whole pile of extra hoops you have to jump through to get it published on Safari because it has to go through Apple and has to be compiled on a Mac and there's other things. So it's not as easy as on a Chrome based browser. Oh my gosh, that Apple stuff. I know, but it's coming. It is coming. It's definitely important and it is in the pipeline. So. All right, that's, I jacked you, sorry. That's okay. That's okay. I just wanted to say, I kept this up to show one more thing. If you want to reorder, like, you know, customizing, yes, click and drag if I move projects up. Nice. There we go. I was clicking and dragging after my St. Patty's Day evening last night. I'm clicking and dragging this morning a bit. Okay. So last thing that we're going to talk about this morning is what's going on on WikiTree right now. Well, the North of Ireland Family History Society is the challenge of the week that's going on. It'll wrap up Thursday, I think. All I know is that they have been kicking butt. Okay, kicking butt. There's also the post for what's happening around WikiTree. Thank you so much, everyone. I love this every week. We can slide right down to the weekend chat. And here we are, the roundup, and going to WikiTree Browser Extension, Global Features on YouTube. That's an addition to what you just saw from Ms. Betsy. Ms. Betsy. German Stammage? Not sure what we've got going on with that. Maybe I should click that and see. Stamptish. German for regulars table, our regular meetups of German speaking WikiTriers. Therefore, the rest of this page will be in German. So cool for that. Wouldn't that? Did you guys actually see that? Sorry. There we go. Therefore, the rest, I love it. I know. You warned. There'll be German records later. So Friday night date night, coming up on the 24th, U.S. Black Heritage Week weekend sprint is the 24th to the 26th. Friday night bingo with the Greeders project, the 31st, and then the 31st as well. Friday night bingo with the Adoption Angels project. One's at 6 p.m. and one's at 12 p.m. There we go. So month-long challenges of biobuilders, PGM needs biography category, connect the Titanic passengers, connect the U.S. Black Heritage Project Notables, the Jedi or the Getty, and the Greeders sorcerers. They also go to February so they've got stuff up from last month. You know, Brian and I yesterday talking in his athon, he was talking about the Atlantic, which was the sister ship to the Titanic and the Atlantic also sunk. And it might be fun, not fun. Well, and I'd be nice to work on that as a project as well. I don't know if that's good. And we have a new member Zooms up. Yeah, this is a free space page that I just started. Steve Greenwood and I started working up. So nice. And that's about it. Let's run over to, gotta move stuff around. We gotta go over here to the social media page. So if you've got social media in your wheelhouse, you can certainly go down here and share some of the upcoming stuff. The meet our members is coming up with, that's nice. And then of course you can share the live cast and the 12 photos were continuing those of sport and the 52 ancestors is lucky. So we love seeing you every Saturday. Yes. We love being here. We love seeing you and we appreciate you being here. So have fun, which tree on? We'll see you next week. Same time, same place. Have a great week, Hillary. We're gonna be an hour early just to let you know. So if you have something going on, you could think about us. Unless their time changes this next week. Oh, they change on the 26th. All right. Okay, good. We'll see you soon. Ciao. Bye everyone. Bye.