 Mr. Azad. Yes sir. Will you briefly introduce yourself? Yes sir. I am Mohammad Azad. I grew up in Chennai and graduated from IIT Madras in 2018 in electrical engineering. Be a little louder. Sure. I am Azad. I grew up in Chennai and graduated in 2018 from IIT Madras in electrical engineering. I worked for about a year in the field of projection display. And since 2019, I have been preparing exclusively for Indian Forest Service. What is your experience? I have appeared but I have focused more on Indian Forest Service. What are your hobbies? Tracking in the hills around Chennai. Yes sir. I like to trek. Attending beach clean up and lake clean up. Yes sir. What is this beach clean up? So during weekends we gather in the beach. It is usually in Pesennagar beach. And we go around picking the waste, usually plastic waste as part of a volunteer group. Will you briefly tell me what is blue flag certification? Blue flag certification is an ecotourism label for beaches which is given by an organization from Europe. It is basically a standard for ecotourism which ensures beach cleanliness and facilities. Be louder. Be louder. But again, she is going down. Yes sir. So blue flag certification is a standard for beaches set by a European organization for ecotourism. It ensures that beaches meet some minimum levels of hygiene and cleanliness and have minimum facilities for tourists in an eco-friendly manner. Okay okay okay. And lake clean up? Yes sir. As part of an organization called the Environmental Foundation of India, we go around lakes in Chennai and clean them up. Which geographic bodies are called as kidneys of the ecosystem? Kidneys of the ecosystem would be wetlands. Yes, very right. The wetlands are called the kidneys of the ecosystem. Why they are called so? Because they purify the water, they absorb water like a sponge and purify them and hold them for dry seasons. And what is the international organization which satisfies these wetlands? Sir, the Ramsar Convention. Ramsar Convention? Yes sir. Where is Ramsar? Ramsar is a city in Iran where the convention was ratified. Since it gives certification regarding water bodies or whatever you call it, it must be near a very big water body. That I am not sure sir. So Ramsar is on which water body? I am not sure about that sir. Your heart of Castean Lake? Castean Lake, yes sir. Is it near that? Yes sir, it borders Iran. Okay okay okay. Glasgow, we are the conference of party 16 last year. Yes sir. Okay. What were the major discussions there? Not able to recollect it right now sir. Glasgow, COP16. Yes sir. Last October and November. You haven't properly remembered that? Yes sir. What are the major things like a global myth and place or the one world, one greed and one song, one world, one greed like that. Those are the major things. Yes sir. And zero emission by what date? India announced by 2017. Other countries, most of the countries they agreed to? Most of the countries, I think by 2050. 2050, mostly. Okay. So what was India's position there? India's position was that as a developing country we needed more space to meet our emission goals and developed countries have a historical responsibility to curb their emissions. So India should be given more time to reach net zero. Your voice is going down. Please speak louder. Speak louder because you are not properly audible to people. Yes sir. So India's position was that as a developing country India had needed more space and time to reach its net zero goal and developed countries have a historical responsibility to take more of the... They need to play a larger role in curbing emissions. So for that, for taking this position that we will not phase out more, we will slowly, slowly phase down. India was criticised as a spoiler. Do you agree with their views, with the Western views? No sir. As a developing nation, India needs time to give, to eliminate poverty and to ensure equality. India needs more... India doesn't have much options. We can't eliminate coal straight away, so we need more time. What about methane? I am sorry sir. Methane, methane also, the methane place India did not sign. I didn't get the... India did not sign the methane place. Yes sir. Why? Why did you not sign? That I am not able to recollect. Because India also emits a lot of methane from agriculture and from the livestock. So India said it is impossible for us because agriculture is our main strength. Agriculture drives our economy and the livestock also. So because of the... we are also very high up in the livestock population. Yes sir. Okay, so these are the major reasons as to why we can't stop them. Okay. So there is a difference between a rich man's emission and a poor man's emission. What is the difference? A poor man would emit more carbon dioxide per capita and his needs would be more not out of necessity. I mean a poor man would emit less emissions per capita and his needs would be to meet his basic needs. Emissions would be to meet his basic needs. While a rich man will have higher emissions and it would not be mostly out of not for necessity. In 1990s, okay, India was criticized for this, for methane emission. But India replied that our emission is for the poorest of the poor. They need it for their living. So you can't reduce it, you can't stop it. Okay. So our emission is a poor man's emission for their living. Okay. So this can't be compared to western countries' emissions. So both the emissions cannot be compared. Okay. Thank you. All right. So Mr. Alla, you're from IIT. Okay. We are sweating a lot. I'll just say it's very hot outside. Which one is this? You're doing well. You don't have to be too tensed. You are prioritized. You are 8.0. 8.0. Yes, sir. What was the job? It was almost for a year. Yes, sir. My work was in the field of projection display. So Texas Instruments has its own technology. As chair question is, point up two times. Your voice goes down. Okay. My work was in the field of projection display. And Texas Instruments has its own technology for projectors. Most other companies use LCD technology. Texas Instruments has its own technology called DLP. So my work was in this field. And specifically my role was to support customers, global customers around TI's customers. In case they face any issues related to DLP products, I have to solve their issues. That was my role. Right. So you also went for trekking. Now tell me, as a student of forestry, what happened to your observation when you went for trekking? My observation, I mostly pecked around Chennai. And my observation would be that forests around this region are mostly made up of thorny shrubs. That was before I started the preparation. Most of my trekking was before I started. So that does not mean you should not do that after that? Yes, sir. But that also does not mean that once you are studying forestry, you could have related to what you have seen? Yes, sir. Tell us about IIT Madras and its outing in terms of forestry. IIT Madras was originally carved out of the Indi National Park. And it is one of the last remaining patches of dry everything forests. It is known for its blackbuck and deer population. And the adjoining Indi National Park is one of the smallest national parks in the country and it is one of the very few within the city limits. The voice is going down here. In context to, because you are not talking about the East, context to the title, how is the avenue trees? What are the types of avenue trees you suggest? Sir, I am not very sure about species which are used in Chennai. At least it should be in one or two. Tamarind and Cyndica. Correct. Tamarind and Cyndica. That is not very common in Chennai. What do you suggest? Cysigium. Ideally to prevent cyclones we would go for Priyatopites. But since Chennai is a water star region, Priyatopites would also... Sir, we speak now. Ideally we should go for Priyatopites, since they have deeper roots and can withstand, better withstand cyclones. But since Chennai is a water scarce region, that would be counterproductive in terms of reducing... It is not real, it is about the native species which have been rolling up for ages. Yes, sir. So that is the kind of answer we put along. It is not a clear introduction. What is the criticism of... You have seen this kind of forest, which is there in Chennai, creating this forest. What does that mean? Mewa. Mewa forest. What is the criticism of Mewa forest? Are there any criticism? Yes, there are criticism, but I am not... What can be the criticism? Possibly that these forests are grown very, very, very densely. What is going on? Another could be that it is not really a new technique. All right. So my second question would be, since you are into ocean cleaning. Tell us about ocean degradation. Plastic pollution is one of the... In fact, it is not a major... Considering the other major problems which ocean is facing, tell us about different ways by which ocean is getting degraded. Oil cells. Those are events. Ocean warming. Let's talk about ocean acidification and so on. Yes, sir. So due to climate change, ocean... sea water... temperature levels are rising. And this in turn means that water absorbs more CO2 and becomes more acidified. So this leads to... Coral bleaching. And marine life... How serious is coral bleaching? Coral bleaching is a major issue. How serious has it been to quantify it? All right. So the next question would be, what is static electricity and what is the application of static electricity? And do you see static electricity in nature? Static electricity is accumulated charge. It is not flowing like a current electricity. Static electricity is found in nature. For example... First answer the second part of the question. What application? Do we have any applications? Applications... All right. Third. So static electricity is found like in safe and some tech sites. Even in some natural materials that I am not able to recollect the exact materials. Lightning is a major example of static electricity. Yes, sir. But that is natural phenomena. Do you see static electricity being used by species? All right. I think that is difficult. Just last question here. From... If you look at the battery technology how it is developed. So lead ion to lithium based batteries it has taken long time. There has not been much innovations which is happening in battery technology. Compared to let's say semiconductors in the way it has developed through Moore's law and so on. What is the reason why battery technology has not developed? One major reason could be that when it comes to batteries. That is the issue now. What is the reason why innovations have not happened as much compared to semiconductor? If you look at electronics it has developed so fast. The intensity or density of transistors in the chip has multiplied. Now it has reached a contemplative level. Whereas in battery it has not done much well. Is it a fair comparison? Semiconductor, this is an exception in terms of how fast they grew. All right. Thank you. You have been doing beach clean up, right? Not recently. During college days I was involved in that but now because of preparation. What are some of the ways you find the beach? Mostly plastic ways and glass bottles. How does this beach pollution affects the environment? It affects the organisms which like olive red litters and dogs sometimes eat plastic and get affected. Olive red litters is found in Chennai or Tamil Nadu where it is found? It is found throughout from Chennai to Odisha. Which beach? In Chennai it is found in Tiruvannamalai beach. Olive red litters is found in Tiruvannamalai beach? During the hatching season sometimes you can. There is no beach in Odisha where it is found? Yes sir. What is the temperature conditions under which corals survive? Climatic conditions. Corals usually survive in moderately warm temperatures. Tropic regions. Tropic. It is not found in temperate. It is also found in temperate. Deep water corals are found in temperate regions but majority of corals are found in high temperatures. Where in India corals are found? Corals are found in almost all coastal states. Almost all coastal areas? Is it found in Gujarat coast? Yes sir. Maharashtra? Maharashtra also there is I am not able to recall the name but it is small patches of corals are found in Konarashtra coast. How lakes are found? Can you give a geographical reason? Lakes are found by many regions. Lakes which are found in glaciers melt. Another another thing would be when depressions fill up the water. What causes depression? Any form of geological movement or even sometimes human causes like mining causes depression. Mining is an anthropogenic factor. What causes I am asking the geographical factors? Okay, leave it. How eschewries are found? Eschewries are found when coastal water and fresh water meet fresh water. What is the ecological importance in eschewries? Eschewries have higher biological diversity than the surrounding regions. Name some of the eschewries in India. Can you name some of the eschewries? We have Pulikata eschewery in India. Pulikata lake is an eschewery. I think there is an eschewery in India. You have been appointed as a DFO in a district. There is a forest fire in your district. What are your preliminary steps that you will take? The first step I will take would be to limit the forest fire to a specific region. How? In surrounding areas close to the fire so that the fire is limited to a specific region and does not spread across the forest. Fire is spreading very rapidly. How can you limit it? How can you limit it? Another option would be to start a counter fire in the opposite direction. That would be a risky move. Don't you think of firstly evacuating the people? Yes, definitely. The people would be Hello How do you prefer civil service? I specifically prefer forest service because I felt that corporate job wouldn't be fulfilling for me and I wanted to I wanted a career where I could spend more time outdoors So I felt No sir I am electrical engineering Electrical engineering for this exam. Asad means independence in Persian Do you keep reasonable restrictions? Yes sir because reasonable restrictions are necessary for national security reasons and There are so many ads I would say any fundamental right has to have some reasonable restrictions in order to prevent misuse What is America's I would say has a more liberal culture of free speech whereas Indian culture has in terms of Indian culture we have free speech with certain limitations So Is it first term of transcription? Sir, I am not aware of the first amendment in America So Is it defined? No sir, it is vaguely defined Sir, I would say it is more of something we should something we should determine by judgment In case of any conflict I think it has to be interpreted by the judiciary Speak loudly Yes sir I think it is something that has to be decided by individual judgment In case of any conflict I think it will be decided by the judiciary Sir, it is related Yes sir Yes sir In that case I think we have to abide by the decision of the judiciary Forget that sir Is it not the duty of the judiciary? Is it not the duty of the judiciary? I should be different or want to say Yes sir, definitely I believe while in the constitution it is vaguely defined I think legislature can pass laws to define such things and reduce the pregnancy Is it the thing we people have to I think civil servants can be more sensitive in handling such issues and take a people centric approach What will you do if an update against me comes to you What will you hire a man or think it is about the economic crisis in the car and what will you say I said it is the position about friendship with the neighbors Yes sir It is not defined What complaint comes to you What action is there? Sir What has been written is actually true and nothing knows the kind of distortion and I would not take any action It may be true but it affects the relationship with India with Sri Lanka and as I said so many people are right it is it affects the relationship Sir as long as it is actually true I would not take any action but I would it is something which has to be handled diplomatically with Sri Lanka by our diplomats If you agree to solve a very creative space for experiments and research in Sri Lanka it is simple for the public Sir can you ask the question again Every clash or every attack or every assault on creativity or trade among experts space for experiments and research in Sri Lanka it is simple for the public I think in a democracy we need more voices and we should allow more voices to be expressed more opinions to be heard Online member Hi Azad So Azad my first question is In fact India and Denmark had signed a bunch of agreements in the last week So one of it is called dream packed Are you aware of what agreements were signed and what they mean by dream packed and Are you aware of what Arabu Tamil is Arabu Tamil It is something to do with Arabic and Tamil Does it strike Does anything strike your mind So In the last week we have seen this issue of banning certain food items excluding certain food items in the priyani festival in the food festival in the Ambo district What is your opinion on that The specific issue was pork and beef priyani have been excluded from the menu by the district magistrate and the commission on scheduled cast has called it untouchability and then summoned the district magistrate Question is used accustomed to pork and beef I believe that is a form of imposition of food habits on them So Do you know what BEPS means based erosion profit sharing Can you please explain Basically companies shift their headquarters from one country to another in order to avoid paying taxes to make revenues So they shift their headquarters to a country where the income taxes are lower Can you think of any examples in the recent past in the context of BEPS Companies like Google and Facebook move their headquarters in Ireland because taxes are lower there which resulted in loss of taxes for other countries in the EU Thank you Please give your feedback My feedback Feedback In fact chairman sir was repeating it again and also honorable panel members before me also were saying it which is your voice needs to be louder and a lot more modulated I think that's my humble submission and on the second point which is you are trying to become you know a forest service officer and it makes sense to keep in touch or keep abreast with current affairs especially because the Scandinavian countries and the agreements that you sign the green pack etc In fact within this green pack health is also treated as a part of the green partnership which means India has agreed to join the international centre for microbial resistance and Denmark has said that it will help us with global digital health partnerships So please keep abreast with current affairs on environmental issues and they also spoke about green shipping so all these six agreements that have been signed with Denmark are very important especially in the context of technology transfer and you know partnerships on these lines and I'm the same thing right I've been in Ambur the festival etc I mean these are very current affairs issues I mean Arab and Tamil I don't really expect you to sort of know it also it's more of you know a culture aspect and just for trivia sake if I were to sort of tell you Arab and Tamil is Tamil written in Arabic script so it is a part of the syncretic traditions that are followed in Tamil Nadu and there is a version called Arab Malayalam also in Kerala that has been followed so this is how right from Moplas in Kerala or let's say the Labbais or all these Tamil in Tamil Nadu have have a very rooted native culture so yeah I mean this is just for your information but otherwise stay abreast with current affairs you know the questions that you are answering are answering well but it needs to be a lot more modulated thank you on the very best thank you very much alright so Mr. Azad you have to speak loudly and you have more than a month to prepare so go out and speak loudly because your voice is very low it will not help because you will not be evaluated and you will not be given responsible positions if you are not able to make yourself clear right and also there is a lot of preparation needed in terms of your knowledge base also because whatever is asked is asked from the DAS the whole ocean issue started because we mention about ocean and lake so what all questions can you anticipate right and about climate change is something which is very important issue we should be having basic knowledge and forest tree trees because trekking what are the trees do you observe and so on so Chennai had this cyclone so what are the avenue trees you have done forest trees should be able to come out with one hand after one or two two or three trees nobody is bothered but you are not able to bring one tree is a serious and also when you are talking about trekking and shrubs and you could have started off with your IIT Metras campus itself and surrounding because that is a very vibrant place right because you are not interacting it seems that you are very defensive you need to be more open you take initiative that is what I am asking you could bring more knowledge to it and try to lead us to that kind of initiative you are just answering question and stopping like I was asking trekking but you said stop the enthrony and that's it but you have to take initiative sir but I also saw certain trees and so on and this interaction is limited right and you have to be proactive alright Mohammad Thay there is a lot of improvements which have been done you are not looking at the entire pattern at first point and you are looking at the person who is asking the question and you have to raise your voice if you are not raising your voice it is likely to become to be you are not at all smiling ok and one thing is if you are asking the questionnaire you have to ask me please one instance you can you repeat it it is not the way that you see and to companies pay income tax or some other tax may be corporate tax you mention income tax right so don't make those kind of you have to do a lot do a lot of whereas speaking speaking in the broader manner raise your confidence and even if you are not knowing that please do not be just say politely and truly that sir I am not even if this was the simplest question but see this forest fires I was not interested you all mention those words corals lakes how lakes are formed you were getting depression because of the technology and the cost so so prepare list of questions from your task which can be possible and then prepare answers but otherwise like make a note of this correction because you have got a good academic you have to in order to become a civil servant you have to be confident and raise your voice be more right thank you sir see I told you first three times that you have to raise your voice ok so then I discontinued because then what impression I have I have an impression that he doesn't listen to me he doesn't listen to me our job is to improve you ok so raise your voice because it is a conversation you must be audible other persons who are sitting there they are all older persons ok so you must be properly audible to them ok it is a conversation and you must be properly heard ok then about this ramshad site etc find out where is the ramshad where the matrix record where is the matrix that you must find out because that takes care of this ramshad site so you know how you have got injured some of them are deteriorating so kind of somewhere in the middle of the lake there was something complex somewhere just find out where so some little more if you speak in a no voice your voice was almost about whispering ok so you raise it because you are communicating so your communication is not complete in a good audible voice that would give an impression as if you don't have confidence and confidence is the main thing in your interview ok and you told about musikulia musikulia that beach in what connection deliberately turtles deliberately in Odisha there is another place which is more famous that is Gauhir Mathai it became first famous Gauhir Mathai you mentioned Gauhir Mathai you mentioned it? Gauhir Mathai, 40 years back that was the first place because we at that time saw the shipwrecks going and sinking some of them so that was the first place ok this musikulia is a small river near Borampur it just flows into the bay of Gauhir Mathai so there in the mouth of it this olive riddle they go on based ok there are many other places also then you mentioned all you mentioned Gauhir Mathai yes during there are certain scenes when we conduct turtle walks and they are being cut the legs because of some temperature of the place water temperature that is why they come from thousands of kilometers away and they are eggs and then they go back and they talk about light pollution context volume particularly LED lights ok so click but your knowledge is good improve it and but voice was to be improved voice was to be improved it was talking about voice ok thank you thank you very much