 Children with persistent speech sound disorder, PSD, at age 8 were found to be at greater risk of experiencing social, emotional and behavioral difficulties, SEBD, later in life. These difficulties included peer problems, emotionality and risk-taking behaviors such as alcohol use and smoking. However, there was no evidence of increased risk of antisocial behavior or depression. This article was authored by Vaughan Wren, Emma Pagnamenta, Faith Orchard and others.