 huge benefit of living in society. It's a huge benefit of trade, of living with groups and its white people move to the city. There's a huge advantage in numbers and in networks that are created when we can meet face to face. But we want to make sure that we can meet face to face without you pulling a gun and destroying everything that it builds. Now, to identify that, we have come up with a concept. And that concept is individual rights. What does a right mean? A right means that it's kind of an ethical political concept, but it's really an ethics. It basically says that you are free as an individual to use your mind and to act on your judgment in pursuit of your values, free of coercion, a force of authority. And so individual rights recognizes your freedom as an individual to use your mind in pursuit of your values. It recognizes the fact that forces the enemy of reason that says you have a right to be free of force. And how do we operationalize individual rights? I would say we need a foreign institution, right? The basic job is to prevent people from shooting each other. Its basic job is to prevent people from stealing from one another, to prevent people from violating other people's rights. That's it. And then arbitrating disputes, because sometimes it's tricky to figure out who violated whose rights, whose property line is it, who's, and that's, that's, let's call it government. It's a horrible word these days, but that's what governments should be for. That's it. It's the, it's the, it's the protect our rights and to arbitrate, arbitrate disputes. And that's all we need governments for. But you know, and we need them because you need an institution to be able to do that, to extract force from human society because forces are evil. Now property rights are derivative of the fundamental right to life. That is, if you have a right to live your life based on your judgment in pursuit of your values, property is a big way, maybe the most important way in which you do that, right? Right. It's no meaning to living your life in pursuit of your values if you don't get to keep the product that you produce, that anybody can take it from you at any point. That's what it means to live your life based on your values. So the most important derivative from the right to life is the right to property, the right to free speech, the right to liberty is another one, right? These are, these are rights that are the right, but really there's only one right. And that's the right to your life, the right to do what you want to do with your life in pursuit of your values, using your reason. And you know, you're going to do stupid things sometimes, immoral things sometimes. But as long as you're not violating other people's rights, it's none of the government's business. And the rights are not there to protect you so you can do stupid things, right? So they're to protect you so you can do smart things but because the government is not in a position to decide what's smart and what's not, it has to permit you to do anything. Right. As long as you don't violate other people's rights. Okay. So the, I've, my prior view was the sole human right was choice essentially, but I guess that you're effectively saying the same thing, the life, right? Like you own your life and then you get to choose what to do. Yes, I don't like to say own life only because ownership, ownership is something you do once you're alive. So life predates ownership, if you will. So owning your life kind of, I think, inverts the hierarchy. It says, what comes first? First, you live. Yeah, my life's mine. Nobody else is mine. And then that means my choices are mine. That means, and this is where individual rights comes my actions are mine. I have a right to act on my own behalf based on my judgment. So choices to inside your head. Action is what rights are really about rights about freedom of action. It's about the ability to act in the world out there. Thank you for listening or watching the Iran book show. If you'd like to support the show, we make it as easy as possible for you to trade with me. You get value from listening. You get value from watching. Show your appreciation. You can do that by going to Iranbookshow.com slash support by going to Patreon, subscribe star locals and just making a appropriate contribution on any one of those, any one of those channels. Also, if you'd like to see the Iran book show grow, please consider sharing our content and of course subscribe. Press that little bell button right down there on YouTube so that you get announcement when we go live. And for those of you who already subscribers and those of you who already supporters of the show, thank you. I very much appreciate it.