 This research paper examined the use of additive manufacturing, AM, for producing porous titanium structures for bone tissue engineering. The authors used design of experiments, DO, to optimize the surface treatment process after AM production. They found that the concentration of the surface treatment solution was the most important factor affecting the surface roughness of the porous structure. Additionally, they determined optimal processing conditions for AM production and post AM surface treatment. These results could be used to produce, customize 3D porous structures with controlled surface roughness and overall morphology, which would allow for more controlled evaluation of the effect of surface roughness on various functional properties. This article was authored by Martin Vafers, Matthew Spears, Jan Schroeten and others.