 my friends welcome to my channel and welcome to the fourth video in the research methodology series for UGC net paper one. Firstly I would like to wholeheartedly apologize for the delay in this video because I was busy making videos for all the topics that you people were sending and I almost forgot that I have left this particular series in the middle. So yesterday when I decided that okay I am going to you know shoot a video on this particular topic I could not actually recall what was the last topic I have taught you in this particular series. So I had to actually go back to my YouTube video and watch it to understand that okay this is where I left last time so I am going to talk about the next topic in the series. So yeah that was about it and I am really happy that we are back again with this particular series and the whole intention behind this series is to make paper one extremely simple for you so that even if you are not getting time to prepare for paper one at least by watching these videos half or I would say 75% of your paper one preparation would happen very smoothly you just need to take out some time for practicing the concepts at least we are going to sort it out in this particular video series. So in the past video we have understood what is sampling we've also understood what is hypothesis types of hypothesis variables types of variables now what we are left with is research ethics now before understanding what is research ethics it is important to understand what is ethics in general so ethics are basically a set of moral codes that govern our behavior for example we all go to shopping malls and we all go to departmental stores now there are various moments where we can put something in our pocket and steal right but we don't do it why because there's a moral code which restricts us to get into such kind of behavior similar to that is research ethics research ethics are moral principles that govern the research process now we all know that research is a very very lengthy long process now in this particular process there are episodes where you can do something so that you don't have to put in the hard work you can also get out of the way and try to you know manipulate the information so all those sets of principles the do's and the don'ts that you should keep in mind while doing a research forms the research ethics let's quickly look at certain do's and don'ts so that you get an idea of what research ethics look like so if you look at some do's one of the most important do's is to maintain objectivity in the research that means you should not put your personal biases in place while you are doing the research let's suppose there's an American who is doing a research on IQ level of people in America and people in India now that person might have an idea about the IQ level of people in India and he might feel that people in India are really not very intelligent and they are not they don't have a great IQ now while he is doing the research if he tries to put his judgments in between the research and not look at the fact that would be wrong right because we know we Indians are really cold right so that's objectivity which is the first do another important thing is to maintain the confidentiality so that suppose you're doing a research which is on a very very sensitive topic virginity or sexual harassment or domestic violence now you should make sure that the information that you've collected from people should be safe with you you should not leak the information to anybody because that can cause a really big harm to that person another important do of research ethic is to take approval from the people before taking data you can't like really go and collect data from people you should tell them the real reason why you are collecting data and once they approve only then you should collect the data from these people similar to do is are certain don'ts which you should keep in mind now one of the most important don'ts is the three cardinal sins of research the first one is falsification second is fabrication and third is plagiarism these are the three sins that you should always keep yourself away from now you might be confused that what is plagiarism how is it different from falsification there are various other things in research methodology that will confuse you like the difference between workshop seminar conference symposium then the difference in the style APA style MLA style now what is MLA APA these are different writing styles so we always quote right whatever information we have taken from some other sources we quote we have taken this information from this in this book this page number so there are different ways you can quote one is APA style that is American psychological association unka a signature style that you can use or you can use the MLA style which is the most common one so what is the difference between these now these are really really tricky areas from where you get a lot of questions and you need to be very specific and very clear about the distinction between them right now it is not possible for me to talk into detail and you know take this lecture ahead so I would like you to just simply go to my either website that is courses dot or you can even download our app from Google Play Store our Pitta Karwa learning app and you will get the entire course on research methodology which consists of video lectures just like this they have a set of PDF notes for ready reference and a set of mock test so that you can assess your level of preparation you can definitely go to my website and check out the topics that we cover in each of the units and if you like you can really go and enroll yourself you will get detailed lectures on all these topics and in that particular video series I have ensured that each and every confusion is cleared by me so I have made sure that I clear the difference between a seminar and a workshop and how both of them are different from symposium or how they are different from a conference so all these my new details which are asked in net exam are covered in that particular course the course details are available on the application Google Play application as well as on the website also if you want you can contact on the number displayed there my team is going to get in touch with you and will explain you clearly what all things you are going to get in the course and how you can enroll yourself in another really interesting thing from which you get a lot of questions is the thesis writing format now thesis writing format is important for a researcher to know because it is only by knowing the format you will be able to put your findings in a particular manner like I've done my research in two years but now it's time to finally draft whatever I have learned and whatever I have observed in our particular format so that I can present it to the world and the world can use it and can get benefited out of it that particular format is the thesis writing format so there is a particular way in which a thesis is written the first page of the thesis is the title page where you are going to write your title the name of your guide then comes certificate where you are given a certificate that you have done this research in a very objective way keeping in mind all the research ethics then is an acknowledgement page where you show your gratitude to all the people who have helped you in your entire research then comes a page of abstract where you draft your abstract which is a 75 to 120 words long summary of your entire research you're going to basically talk about the topic of your research and what all you have done in that particular research just like before reading a 200 page book we read the summary at the back so that we know whether we are interested or not similarly anybody who wants to read your research is going to first go through the abstract and then if that person finds it's appropriate we'll go ahead and read the entire research post your abstract comes a page which is called table of content now this is basically index where you're going to talk about the pages chapters that are there in your thesis and you write the page numbers where they will be located after table of content is the main body of the research which is going to contain chapters now chapters can vary from 5 to 7 to 10 and each in each of those chapters you talk about a particular topic and finally post that you have a list of tables and figures so throughout the research you would be using certain tables you would be tabulating your data you would be using certain graphics so a list of those graphics pictures and tables is towards the end in this particular page then comes a page list of abbreviations abbreviations are basically short form so whenever you've used any short form you put that here and finally we have two other important pages bibliography and appendix now I'm not going to tell you what they are because I want you to take the effort to Google it understand it and then put that in the comment section below let's see who comments first so you should tell me the difference between bibliography and appendix in the comment section below and let's see how why is my audiences so with that note we come to an end of this particular topic where we have discussed in detail different different topics and subtopics related to research methodology we began by talking about what is research what is the objective of research and gradually we covered variables hypothesis sampling if you've not watched any of these videos don't get confused I have all of them in place in a separate playlist on my YouTube channel you can watch all these videos in sequence to follow and finally you can prepare your own notes and sit for this exam confidently that's it for this video lecture I'll come up very soon with the next video till the time we meet next happy learning keep loving literature and stay tuned to our pata karwa.com