 This is Chapter 1, Part 1, of a voyage round the world in his Majesty's Frigate Pandora. This recording is recorded by Roy Schreiber of George Hamilton's A Voyage Round the World in His Majesty's Frigate Pandora, Chapter 1, Part 1. Government having resolved to bring to punishment the mutineers of His Majesty's late ship Bounty, and to survey the Straits of Endeavour, to facilitate a passage to Botany Bay, on the 10th of August 1790 appointed Captain Edward Edwards to put in commission at Chatham and to take command of the Pandora frigate of twenty-four guns and a hundred and sixty men. A great naval armament then equipping retarded our progress and prevented that particular attention to the choice of men which their lordships so much wished, as contagion here crept amongst us from infected clothing, the fatal effects of which we discovered and severely experienced in the commencement of the voyage. Everything necessary being completed, and an additional complement of naval stores received for the refitment of the bounty, dropped down to sureness, saluted Admiral Dowell Ripple, paid the same compliments to Sir Richard King in passing the downs, arrived at Portsmouth, and found their Lord Howell with the Union flag at the main, and the proudest navy that ever graced the British seas under his command. Here the officers and men received six months' pay in advance, and after receiving their final orders, got the timekeeper on board, weighed anchor, and proceeded to see, as the white cliffs of Albion receded from our view, alternate hopes and fears took possession of our minds, wafting the last kind adieu to our native soil. We pursued our voyage with a favorable breeze, but the Pandora now seemed inclined to shed her baneful influence amongst us, and a malignant fever threatened much havoc, as in a few days thirty-five men were confined to their beds, and unfortunately, Mr. Innis, the surgeon's only mate, was among the first taken ill. What rendered our situation still more distressing was the crowded state of the ship being filled to the hatchways with stores and provisions, four, like weevils, we had to eat a hold in our bread, before we had a place to lay down in. Every officer's cabin, the captain's not accepted, being filled with provisions and stores. Our sufferings were much more increased for want of room to accommodate our sick, notwithstanding every effort of the captain that humanity could suggest. In the sickly lumbered state near the latitude of Madeira, we observed a sail bearing down upon us. From her appearance and maneuvers we had every reason to believe she was a ship of war, and a rumour of a Spanish war prevailing when we left England rendered it necessary to clear the ship for action, as soon as our guns were run out, and all hands at quarters got alongside of her, when she proved his majesty's ship, Shark, sent out with orders to recall Admiral Cornish, who had sailed for the West Indies a few days before we left Spithead. This little disaster deranged us much, having at the same time bad weather attended with heavy thundersqualls. The peak of Tenerife now began to show his venerable crest, towering above the clouds, and in two days more came to an anchor in the road of Santa Cruz, but did not salute as the Commandant had not authority to return it. Immediately on our arrival we were boarded by the postmaster, by whom we learnt they had been in much apprehension of a disagreeable visit from the English, and were happy to hear that matters were amicably settled between the courts of Madrid and St. James's. With respect to sight, nothing can be more beautifully picturesque than the town of Santa Cruz. It stands in the center of a spacious bay, on a gentle eclivity surrounded by retiring hills, and the noble promontory of the peak rising majestically behind it dignifies the scene beyond description, being continually diversified with every vicissitude of the surrounding atmosphere emerging and retiring through the fleecy clouds from the bottom of the mountain to its summit. All of the circumjacent hills on the margin of the beach are tufted with little forts and barbette batteries forming an esplanade round the bay affording a most agreeable landscape, the houses being all painted white, pretty regularly built, and standing on a rising ground rises one street above another, and heightens the scene from the water to which the governor's garden contributes much to beautify the town. In the center of the principal square is a well-built fountain continually playing, which in a warm climate has a desirable cooling effect. There is but one church which contains a few indifferent paintings. The inhabitants are civil but reserved, and the inquisition being on the island spreads a gloomy distrust on the countenance of the people. The troops are miserably clothed, and poverty and superstition lured it wide. The wines of this place, from the late improvement in the vines, are equal to the second kind of Madeira, and I cannot pass over this subject without much honorable mention of the candor of Mr. Rooney, our wine merchant. Here we completed our water from an aqueduct admirably constructed for the convenience of shipping, and after receiving on board lemons, oranges, pomegranates, and bananas, and every variety of fruits and other refreshments with which this island most plentifully abounds proceeded again on our voyage. The fever that prevailed on our leaving England came now pretty general, and almost every man had it in turn, and as we approached the line many of the convalescence had a relapse, but the lords of the admiralty, previous to our sailing, had supplied us with such unbounded liberality in everything necessary for the preservation of Siemens' health, that I may venture to say many lives were saved from their bounty, and I should be wanting to my duty to their lordships, as well as the community. Was I to pass over in silence the uncommon good effects we experienced from supplying the sick and convalescent with tea and sugar? This being the first time it was ever introduced into His Majesty's service, but it is an article in life that has crept in such universal use in all orders of society that it needs no comment of mine to recommend it. It may, however, easily conceived that it will be sought with much avidity by those whose element consists chiefly of animal food, and that always salt, and often of the worst kind. Their bread, too, is generally mixed with oatmeal, and of a hot, drying nature. Scarcity of water is a calamity to which seafaring people are always subject, and it is an established fact that a pint of tea will satiate thirst more than a quart of water. But when sickness takes place, a loathing of all animal food follows. Even tea becomes their sole existence, and that which can be conveyed to them as natural food will be taken with pleasure, when any slip-slop, given as drink, will be rejected with disgust. Suffice it to say that quartermasters and real good semen have ever observed to be regular in cooking their little pot of tea or coffee, and in America semen going on long voyages always make it an article in their agreement to be supplied with tea and sugar. The air now becoming intolerably hot, and to evacuate the foul air from below where the people slept, had recourse to Mr. White's new ventilator, but found little benefit from it. Not from any fault of the machine, but from the crowded state of the ship it was impossible to throw a current of air into those spaces where it was most wanted. And by the addition of a flexible leather tube, like a water engine, it might be rendered of utmost importance to the surface, as in tenders' press holes, and in line of battleships at sea, when the lower deck-ports cannot be opened. Where often the jail fever and all the calamities that attend human nature in crowded situations are engendered, that might be entirely obviated by Mr. White's ingenious machine. I should beg to recommend wheels to be substituted for legs to it, for it's easier conveyance from one part of the ship to another, and that he would sacrifice beauty to strength as a slight mahogany gym crack is not well calculated to the severity of heat we were exposed to in climates where it is most wanted. There were now many water-spouts about the ship at which we fired several guns. The thermometer fluctuated between 79 and 80, and without anything worthy of remark in the common occurrences of things at sea on the 28th of December saw the land of the Brazils, and in two days saluted the fort at Rio de Janeiro with fifteen guns, which was immediately returned. On our coming to anchor an officer came to acquaint the captain, that a party of soldiers should be sent on board of us, agreeable to their custom, which was preemptorily denied as inadmissible with the dignity of the British flag, nor would Captain Edwards go on shore to pay his respects to the viceroy, till that etiquette was settled that his boat should not be boarded. After the usual complements were paid the viceroy, his suit of carriages were ordered to attend the British officers, and M. Lefante, the surgeon-general who spoke English with ease and fluency, showed us every mark of politeness and attention on the occasion. In carrying us through the principal streets, then visited the public gardens built by the late viceroy, and laid out with much taste and expense. All the extremity of the garden is a fine terrace which commands a view of the water, and is frequented by people of fashion as their grand-mall. At each end of the terrace there is an octagonal room built superbly furnished, where marandas are sometimes given. On the panels are painted the various productions and commerce of South America, represented in the diamond fishery, the process of indigo trade, the rice grounds and harvest, sugar plantations, South Sea whale fishery, and etc. These are interspersed with views of the country, and the quadrupeds that inhabit those parts. The ceiling contained all variety. The one of fish, the other of fowl of that continent. The compartments of the ceiling of the one room were enriched with shell work, with all the variegated shells of that country, and in the compartments are delineated all the variety of fish that the coast of South America produces. The other compartment is enriched with feathers, so inimitable the fowl blended, as to produce the happiest effect. In this ceiling is painted all birds and fowls of the country, in all their splendid elegance of plumage. The sofas and furniture are rich in the extreme, and in this elegant recess an idle traveler may have an agreeable lounge. And at one view comprehend the whole natural history of this vast continent. In the center of the terrace there is a jet of water in the form of a large palm tree, made of copper, which at pleasure may be made to spout water from the extremity of all the leaves. This tree stands on a well-disposed grotto, which rises from the gravel walk below the level of the terrace, and terminates the view of the principal walk. Near the foot of the grotto two large alligators, made of copper, are continually discharging water into a handsome basin of white marble filled with gold and silver fishes. There are fine orangeries, and lofty-covered arbors in different parts of the garden, capable of containing a thousand people. Here the Cyprian nymphs hold their nocturnal revels, but intrigue is attended with great danger, as the stiletto is in general use, an assassination frequent, the men being of a jealous, sanguinary turn, and the women fond of gallantry, who never appear in public, unveiled. When Bougainville, the French circumnavigator, called here, his chaplain was assassinated in a fray of that kind. But since that accident orders were given that a commissioned officer should attend all foreign officers, and a soldier the privates, and all strangers on landing are conducted to the main guard for their escort. This answers a double purpose, as they are much afraid of strangers smuggling or carrying money out of the country. Under the mask of personal protection every motion is watched and scrutinized, nor can you purchase anything of a merchant till he has settled with the officer of police, how much he shall exact for his goods. So you have always the satisfaction of being robbed as the act directs. The trade of this country is much cramped by the improper policy of the mother country, for although it abounds in everything that the earth produces, wealth is far from being diffusive, and a spirit of revolt seems to prevail amongst them. But they are rather premature here, in the business, a conspiracy being detected whilst we were there, many of the first people in the country thrown into dungeons, and a strong guard put over them, and all intercourse denied them, in order to check that spirit of rebellion among the colonists, a regiment of black slaves is now embodied, who will be very ready to bear arms against their oppressive masters. But should a revolution in South America take place, which sooner or later must eventually happen, some of our South Sea discoveries would then prove an advantageous situation for a little British colony. All public works are done here by slaves and chains, who perform a kind of plaintive melancholy dirge in recitative to soothe their unavailing toil, which, with the accompaniment of the clanking of their irons, is the real voice of woe, and attunes the soul to sympathy and compassion more than the most elaborate piece of music. The troops are remarkably well clothed and in fine order, both infantry and cavalry. Their horses are small, but spirited, and tournaments frequently performed as the favorite amusement of the inhabitants at which the cavaliers display a wonderful share of address. The town is large, built of stone, and the streets very regular. There are several handsome churches, monasteries, and nunneries, and contains about forty thousand inhabitants. But like the old town of Edinburgh, each floor contains a distinct family, and, of course, liable to some inconveniences, cleanliness, being none of its most shining virtues. The officers of the army showed us uncommon kindness, and made us some presence of red-bird skins for the savages we were going amongst. I cannot in words bestow sufficient panjarek on the laudable exertions of my worthy messmates, lieutenants Corner and Hayward, for their unremitting zeal in procuring and nurturing such plants as might be useful at O. Tahiti or the islands we might discover. We now took leave of our friends here, and it was with some regret, as it was bidding adieu to civilized life for a very indeterminate space of time. Lieutenant Hayward, having finished his astronomical observations on shore, came on board with the timekeeper and instruments, and again proceeded on our voyage on the morning of January 8, 1791. In running down the coast of the Brazils saw several spermaceti whales and vessels employed in that fishery. Could it have been accomplished in the month of January? It was intended to make in supply of water at New Year's Harbour. But the season was too far advanced. The weather now became cold, and the health of the people mended apace. That's the Straits of Magellan, and on the 31st of January saw Cape San Juan, Staten Island, and New Year's Island. Thermometer was at forty-eight degrees. We were fortunate enough to weather the tempestuous regions of Cape Horn without anything remarkable happening, although late in the season. The weather, as we advanced, became now exceedingly pleasant, and many good things with which we were supplied began to have a wonderful good effect on the strength of our convalescence. I beg here the readers' indulgence for a small digression on the health of the seaman, as it is a subject of much national importance. And those voyages, the only test of what is found to succeed best, my duty leads me to attempt however unequal to the task. It may be remarked that the sauerkraut kept during the voyage in the highest perfection, and was often eaten as a salad with vinegar, in preference to recent cut vegetables from shore. A cast of this grand anti-scorbutic was kept open for the crew to eat as much as they pleased, and I will venture to affirm that it will answer every purpose that can be expected from the vegetable kingdom. The essence of malt afforded a most delightful beverage, and, with the addition of a little hops, in the warmest climates, made as good strong beer as we could in England. We were likewise supplied with malt in grain, but should prefer the essence, as it is liable to decay and stows in much less room, which is a very valuable consideration in long voyages. Cocoa we found great benefits from. It is much relished by the men, stows in little room, and affords great nourishment. At the close of the war in 1783 in the West Indies, men that had been the whole war on salt provisions, from a liberal use of cocoa, got fat and strong, and in the Agamemnon we found we had five hundred men who served most of the war on salt provisions. But after the cocoa was introduced, we had not a sick man on board till the day she was paid off. And it was the only article of nourishment in sea-vittling. For what can in reason be expected from beef or pork after it has been salted a year or two? Wheat we found answer extremely well, rough ground, in a mill, occasionally as we wanted it. And, with the addition of a little brown sugar, it made a pleasant nourishing diet, of which the men were extremely fond. At great advantage attending it, that it does not require half the quantity of water that peas do. Soft bread was found extremely beneficial to the sick and convalescent. And we availed ourselves of every opportunity of baking for half the compliment at a time. As the flour keeps so much longer sound than biscuit, it may be needless to remark its superior advantages. Besides, it is not liable to be damaged by water or otherwise. So much as bread, as a crust forms outside, which protects the rest. In point of stowage it is likewise preferable. As the fate of every expedition of this kind depends on the exertion of the subordinate departments of office, the thanks of every individual in the Pandora is due to Mr. Cherry for his uncommon attention to viddling. The dividing the people into three watchers had a double good effect, as it gave them longer time to sleep and dry themselves before they turned in. And as most of our crew consisted of landsmen, a fewer people being on deck at a time rendered it necessary to exert themselves more in learning their duty. The air now became temperate, mild and agreeable, but unfortunately we sprung a leak in the after part of the ship which reached the bread room and damaged much of it, as one thousand five hundred and fifteen pounds were thrown overboard, and a great deal much injured that we kept for the feeding of the cattle. Many blue petrels were seen flying about, and on the fourth of March saw Easter Island. We now set the forge to work, and the armorers were busily employed in making knives and ironwork to trade with the savages. On the sixteenth we discovered a lagoon island of about three or four miles extant. It was well wooded, but had no inhabitants, and was named Ducey's Island in honor of Lord Ducey. On the seventeenth we discovered another island, about five or six miles long, with a great many trees on it, but was not inhabited, and this was called Lord Hood's Island. On the nineteenth we discovered an island of the same description as the former, which was named Karrisfood's Island in honor of Lord Karrisfood. On the twenty-second we passed Mytia, and on the morning of the twenty-third of March anchored in Matevi Bay, in the island of Otehidi. In the dawn of morning a native immediately on seeing us paddled off in his canoe, and came on board, who showed expressions of joy to a degree of madness on embracing and saluting us, by whom we learned that several of the mutineers were on the island, but that Mr. Christian, and nine men, had left Otehidi long since on the bounty, and amused the natives by telling them Captain Bly had gone to settle Waitutaki, and that Captain Cook was living there. Language cannot express his surprise on Lieutenant Hayward being introduced to him, who had purposely been concealed. At eleven in the forenoon the launch and the pinnance was dispatched with Lieutenant's corner and Hayward, and twenty-six men to the northwest part of the island in quest of the mutineers. Immediately on our arrival Joseph Coleman, the armorer of the bounty, came on board, and a little after the two midshipmen belonging to the bounty. At three Richard Skinner came off, and on the twenty-fifth the boats returned after chasing the mutineers on shore and taking possession of their boat. As they had taken to the heights and claimed the protection of Temurara, a great chief of Peiapara, who was the proper king of Otehidi, the present family of Oteu being usurpers, and who intended, had we not arrived, with the assistance of the bounty people, to have disputed the point with Oteu. On the twenty-seventh he sent the pinnance with the present of a bottle of rum to King Oteu, who was with his two queens at Taya Aurobu, requesting the honour of his company. But the bottle of rum removed all scruples, and the next day the royal family paid us a visit. In his suite came Odidi, a chief particularly noted by Captain Cook. On the first visit they made it a point of honour of accepting no present, but they made sufficient amends for that by introducing a numerous train of dependents afterwards to obtain presents. The king, a tall, handsome-looking man about six-foot-three inches high, good-natured, and affable in his manners, his principal queen, Idia, is a robust-looking, coarse woman about thirty, and was extremely solicitous in learning and adopting our customs, and on hearing our English ladies drank tea became very fond of it. The other queen, or concubine, Aridi, is a pretty young creature, about sixteen years of age. They all sleep, three sleep together, and live in the most perfect harmony. A detachment of men, immediately ordered, under the command of Lieutenant Corner, to march across the country, and, if possible, to get between the mountains and the mutineers. This gentleman was extremely well calculated for an expedition of this kind, having, in the earlier part of his life, borough commission in the land's service, and the next morning they landed at Point Venus, attended by the principal chiefs as conductors, and in number of common people to assist in carrying ammunition over the heights. What rendered their assistance more necessary was their having to cross a rapid cataract, or river, which came down from the mountains and formed so many curves. They had deforted sixteen times in the course of their journey, which gave evident proofs of the superior strength of the natives over the English seamen. The former went over with ease, where the sailors could not stand the rapidity of the torrent without their help. They were, however, forced to send to the ship for ropes and tackle, to gain some heights which were otherwise inaccessible. On the party coming to rest, the Lieutenant expressed a wish to one of the natives for something to eat, who told him that he might be supplied with plenty of vitals, ready-dressed. He immediately ran to a temple, or place of worship, where meat was regularly served to their god, and came running with a roasted pig that had been presented that day. This striking instance of impiety rather startled the Lieutenant, which the other easily got over by saying there was more left than the god could eat. It was with much difficulty they could restrain the natives from committing deprivations on the cover grounds of the upper districts, as they were on the eve of a war with them respecting the hereditary right of the crown. The party now arrived at the resident of a great chief, who received them with much hospitality and kindness, and after refreshing them with plenty of meat and drink, carried the officer to visit the moray of the dead chief, his father. Mr. Corner, judging it necessary, by every mark of attention, to gain the good graces of this great man, ordered his party to draw up and fire three volleys over the deceased, who was brought out in his best clothes on the occasion. But the burning cartridge from one of the muskets, unfortunately, set fire to the paper clothes of the dead chief. This unlucky disaster threw the son into the greatest perplexity, as agreeable to their laws, should the corpse of his father be stolen away or otherwise destroyed, he forfeits his title and estate, and it descends to the next air. The end of Chapter One, Part One, of the voyage round the world of His Majesty's Frigate Pandora, by George Hamilton. Chapter One, Part Two, there was at the same time a party embarked by water under the command of Lieutenant Hayward, who took with him some of the principal chiefs, amongst whom was Odidi, before mentioned by Captain Cook, went on a voyage with him, but fell into disrepute amongst them, from affirming he had seen water in a solid form alluding to ice. He also took with him one brown, an Englishman, that had been left unsure by an American vessel that had called here for being troublesome on board. But otherwise a keen, penetrating, active fellow, who rendered many eminent services both in this expedition and in the subsequent part of the voyage. He had lived upwards of twelve months amongst the natives, adapted perfectly their manners and customs, even to eating of raw fish and dipping his roast pork into a coconut shell of salt water, according to their manner, as a substitute for salt. He likewise avoided all intercourse and communication with bounty people, by which means necessity forced him to gain a pretty competent knowledge of their language, and from a natural complexion that was much darker than any of the natives. Captain Edwards had taken every possible means of gaming, the friendship of Temerara, the great prince of the upper district, by sending him very liberal presence, which effectively bought him to our interest. The mutineers were now cut off from every hope of recourse. The natives were harassing them from behind, and Mr. Hayward and his party advancing in front, under cover of night, they had taken shelter in a hut in the woods, but were discovered by brown, who creeping up to the place where they were asleep, distinguished them from the natives by feeling their toes, as people unaccustomed to wear shoes are easily discovered from the spread of their toes. The next day Mr. Hayward attacked them, but they grounded their arms without opposition. Their hands were bound behind their back, and sent down to the boat under a strong guard. During the whole business there was only two natives killed, one was shot in the dusk of the evening, two nights before the people surrendered by one of the sentinels, who had his musket twice beaten out of his hands, from the natives pelting our party with large stones. But the instant he was shot some of his friends rushed in and carried off the corpse. The other native was shot by the mutineers. When attacked by the natives, they took to a river, a stone being thrown by one of the natives at the wife or woman of one of the mutineers, enraged him so much that he immediately shot the offender. A prison was built for their accommodation on the quarter-deck, that they might be secure and apart from the ship's company, and that it might have every advantage of a free circulation of air which rendered it the most desirable place on the ship. Orders were likewise given that they should be vittled in every respect, in the same as the ship's company, both meat and liquor, and all the extra indulgences with which we were so liberally supplied, notwithstanding the established laws of the service which restricts prisoners to two-thirds allowance. But Captain Edwards, very humanely commiserated with their unhappy and inevitable length of confinement, Oropay, the king's brother, a discerning sensible and intelligent chief, discovered a conspiracy amongst the natives on shore to cut our cables, should it come to blow hard from the sea. This was more to be dreaded as many of the prisoners were married to the most respectable chief's daughters in the district opposite to where we lay at anchor, in particular one who took the name of Stuart, a man of great possessions in landed property, near Matavivi Bay, a gentleman of that name belonging to the bounty having married his daughter, and he, as friend and father-in-law, agreeable to their custom, took his name, O to the king, his two brothers, and all the principal chiefs, appeared extremely anxious for our safety, and after the prisoners were on board, kept watch during the night, were always keeping a sharp look out upon our cables and continually spraying the sentinels to be careful in their duty. The prisoners' wives visited the ship daily and brought their children who were permitted to be carried to their unhappy fathers. To see poor captives and irons weeping over their tender offspring was too moving a scene for any feeling-heart. Their wives brought them ample supplies of every delicacy that the country afforded while we lay there, and behaved with the greatest fidelity and affection to them. The next day the king, his two queens and retinue, came on board to pay us a formal visit, preceded by a band of music. The ladies had about sixty or seventy yards of otehidi cloth wrapped around them, and were so bulky and unwieldy, with it, that we were obliged to hoist them aboard like horned cattle, hogs, coconuts, bananas, a rich sort of peach, and a variety of ready-dressed puddings and vittles composed their present to the captain. As soon as they were on board the captain disencumbered the ladies by rolling their linen around his middle, an indispensable ceremony here in receiving a present of cloth, and Medua, wife of Ori Pie, the king's brother, took a great liking to the captain's laced coat, which he immediately put on her with much gallantry, and that beautiful princess seemed much elated with her new finery. I cannot omit a circumstance of this lady's attachment to dress. There was a custom which had prevailed for a long time to present the god with all red feathers that could be procured. But thinking she would become red feathers full as well as his godship, immediately employed all her domestics making them up into fly-flaps, and personal adornments to prevent the altar making a monopoly of the good things in this as well as other countries. A grand hierba was, next day ordered for our entertainment ashore on Point Venus, and on our landing we were preceded by a band of music, and led to where the king and his levy were in waiting to receive us. The course was soon cleared by the chiefs, and the entertainment began by two men who vied with each other in filthy and lascivious attitudes and frightful distortions of their mouths. These having performed their part, two ladies, pretty fancifully dressed as described in Captain Cook's voyages, were introduced after a little ceremony. Something resembling a turkey-cock's tail, stuck on their rumps in a fan-kind of fashion, about five feet in diameter, had a good effect while the ladies kept their faces to us. But when, in a bending attitude, they presented their rumps to show the wonderful agility of their loins, the effect is better conceived than described. After half an hour's hard exercise the deer-creatures had roused themselves to a perfect furor, and the peace concluded by the ladies exposing that which is better felt than seen, and in that state of nature walked from the bottom of the theatre to the top where we were sitting on the grass, till they approached just by us, and when we complimented them in bowing with all the honours of war. These accomplishments are so much prized amongst them that girls come from the interior part of the country to the court residence for improvement in the Kieva, just as country-gentlemen send their daughters to London boarding-stools. This may well be called the serithia of the southern hemisphere, not only the beauty and elegance of the women, but their being so deeply versed in and so passionately fond of the Illusian mysteries, and what poetic fiction has painted of Eden or Arcadia is here realized, where the earth without tillage produces both food and clothing, the trees loaded with the richest fruit, the carpet of nature spread with the most odouriferous flowers, and the fair ones ever willing to fill your arms with love. It affords a happy instance of contradicting an opinion propagated by philosophers of a less bountiful soil, who maintain that every virtuous or charitable act a man commits is for selfish or interested views. Here human nature appears in more amiable colours, and the soul of man, free from the gripping hand of want, acts with a liberality and bounty that does honour to his God. A native of this country divides everything in common with his friends, and the extent of the word friend by them is only bounded by the universe, and was he reduced to his last morsel of bread? He cheerfully haves it with him, the next that comes has the same claim, if he wants it, and so in succession to the last mouthful he has, rank makes no difference in hospitality, for the king and the beggar relieve each other in common. The English are allowed by the rest of the world, and I believe with some degree of justice, to be a generous charitable people. But the Otehishans could not help bestowing the most contemptuous word in their language upon us, which is Piri Piri, or Stingy. In becoming the Teo, or friend of a man, it is expected you pay him a compliment by cherishing his wife. But being ignorant of that ceremony, I very innocently gave high offence to Maitura Ora, the king of York Island. To whom I was introduced as his friend, a shyness took place on the side of his majesty, from my neglect of his wife, but through the medium of brown the interpreter he put me in mind of my duty, and on my promising my endeavors matters were for that time made up. It was, to me, however, a very serious inauguration. I was, in the first place, not a young man, and had been on shore a whole week. The lady was a woman of rank, being the sister to Oteu, the king of Otehidi, and had in her youth, in beautiful, and named Peggy Oteu. She is the right-hand dancing figure, so elegantly delineated in Cook's voyages. Peggy had seen much service, and bore away many honorable scars in the field of Venus. However, his majesty's service must be done, and Maitura and I were again friends. He was a domesticated man, and passionately fond of his wife and children, but now became pensive and melancholy, dreading the child should be pie-balled, though the lady was six months advanced in pregnancy before we came to the island. The force of friendship amongst those good creatures will be more fully understood, from the following circumstance. Churchill, the principal ringleader of the mutineers on his landing, became the Teo or friend of a great chief in the upper district. Sometime after the chief happening to die without issue, his title in a state agreeable to the law of Teo-ship devolved on Churchill, who, having some dispute with one Thompson of the bounty, was shot by him. The natives immediately rose, and revenged the death of Churchill, their chief, by killing Thompson, whose skull was afterwards shown us, and which bore evident marks of fracture. Odidi, although perfectly devoted to our interest, on being appointed one of the guides in the expedition against the mutineers, expressed great horror at the act he was going to commit and betraying his friend, being Teo, the one of them. There was much less addiction to thieving than when Captain Cook visited them, and when things were stolen by applying to the magistrate of the district, the goods were immediately returned, for like every other well-regulated police, the thief and the justice were one gang. As we slightly punished the offenders by cutting off their hair, a beautiful young creature, who lived at the observatory with one of our young gentlemen, slipped out of bed from him one night, and stole all his linen. She was punished for the theft by shaving one of her eyebrows and half the hair off her head. She immediately run into the woods, and used to come once or twice a day to the tent to request looking at herself in the glass that the grotesque figure she cut with one side entirely bald made her shriek out and run into the woods to shun society. With respect to agriculture, in a soil where nature has done so much little is left to human industry, but had there been occasion of it, abilities would not be wanting. It is much to be lamented that the endeavors of the philanthropic surjosef banks were frustrated by the raising of everything which he cooked so much pains to rear amongst them, a few shattucks accepted. Tobacco and cotton have escaped their ravage, and they are much mortified that they cannot eradicate it from their grounds, but wore a hand-loom on a simple construction as used by the natives of Java introduced amongst them. They could soon turn their cotton to good account. An instance of their ingenuity and imitative power in matting was a thing perfectly unknown amongst them till Captain Cook introduced it from Anamuka, one of the friendly isles, but in that branch of manufacture they now far surpass the original. They have likewise abundance of fine sugar canes growing spontaneously all over the island, from which rum and sugar might be extracted. Indeed, an attempt was made by Coleman, the armorer of the bounty, who made a still, and succeeded, but dreading the effects of intoxication both amongst themselves and the natives, very wisely put an end to his labours by breaking the still. Captain Bly has likewise planted Indian corn, from which much may be expected. On our landing, as soon as public business of more importance would permit, our gentlemen were indefacatable in laying out a piece of garden-ground and ditching it round, lemons, oranges, limes, pineapples, plants of the coffee tree, with all the lesser class of things as onions, lettuces, peas, cabbage, and everything necessary for culinary purposes were planted. In order that they might not meet the same fate of the things planted by Sir Joseph Banks, Captain Edwards made use of every stratagem to make the chiefs fond of the oranges and limes by dipping them in sugar to cover the acid before it was presented to them to eat. Messers Corning and Hayward were equally zealous in using the most persuasive arguments with the chiefs to take care of our garden and rear and propagate the plants when we were gone, to all of which they lent a deaf ear, and treated the subject with much levity, saying that they might be very good to us, but that they were already panathlete supplied with everything wished or wanted, and had not occasioned for more, but the lieutenants representing that if on our return they should supply us with plenty of such articles as we left with them, they might exchange them for hatchets, knives, and red cloth, they seem more favorably inclined to our project, and I had no doubt that some after-navigators will reap the benefit of their industry. The breadfruit, although the most delicate and nourishing of food upon earth, is with people like them liable to inconveniences, for in such a group or archipelago of islands whose inhabitants are in various gradations of refinement, from the gentle and polished Otehishin to the savage and cannibal Fiji, a war amongst them is often attended with devastation as well as famine. By cutting round the bark of the breadfruit tree a whole country may be laid to waste for four or five years, young trees not bearing in less time. Crops such as Indian corn, English wheat, and peas that have been left amongst them can in time of war be stored in granaries on the top of their almost inaccessible mountains. While speaking of the breadfruit tree, I cannot exemplify my subject from what happened to an island contiguous to Tahiti, whose coast abounded with fine fish, and the Otehishins, being themselves too lazy to catch them, destroyed all the breadfruit trees on this little island, by which act of policy they were obliged to send over boats with fish regularly to market to be supplied with bread in barter from Otehiti. To this island they likewise send their wives, thinking they become fair by living on fish and low diet, they also send boys for the same reason whom they keep for abominable purposes. As to religion of this country, it is difficult for me to define it. Their tenets, although equally ignorant of heathen mythology or theological intricacies, seem to partake of both, and like other nations, in early stages of society are rendered subservient to political purposes as by the machinery of deification. The person of the king is sacred and inviolable. Notwithstanding the king to be a broad-shouldered strapping fellow, three sturdy stadions or lords-in-waiting are kept for the particular amusement of the queen when his majesty is in his cups. Yet the royal issue is always declared to be sprung from the immortal gods, and their heir apparent, during his minority, is put under the tuition of the high priest. Their god is supposed to be omnipresent, and is worshiped in spirit, idolatry, not being known amongst them. The sacred mysteries are only known to the priests and augurs. The king, princes, and great chiefs, the common people only serving as victims or to fill up the pageantry of the religious procession. One of our gentlemen expressing a wish to the high priest of carrying from amongst them that God, whose altars craved so much human blood, he, like a true priest, had his subterfuge ready, by saying there were more of the same family in other islands from whence they could easily be supplied. On all great occasions each district sends a male victim, and the island containing forty districts it may be presumed the mortality is great. Between the sacrifices and the ravages of war, a preponderating number of females must have taken place, to counteract which, a law passed, that every other female child should be put to death at birth, and the husband, always officiating as okar she to his wife, the child is destroyed as soon as the sex discovered. The absurdity of this inhuman law is now pretty evident. Women are become more scarce, and set a higher value on their charms, which occasions many desperate battles amongst them. Some with fractured skulls are sent on board of us, which had been got an amorous phrase of that kind. It may be naturally supposed that people of such gentle natures make no conspicuous figure in the theatre of war. Their war canoes are very large, on which a platform is placed capable of containing from a hundred and fifty to two hundred men. But their taste in decorating the prow of their men of war plainly indicates that they are more versed in the fields of Venus than Mars. Every man of war, having a figurehead of the God, Priapus, with a preposterous insignia of his order, the sight of which never fails to excite great glee and good humor amongst the ladies. It is customary with those nations at war that the Treaty of Peace be confirmed by the conquerors sending a certain number of their women to cohabit with the nation that is vanquished in order to conciliate their affection by a bond more lasting than wax and parchment. It was the unhappy lot of Otehiti to be overcome by a nation whose women were too masculine for them. They being accustomed to the amorous dalliance of their own beautiful females were averse to familiar intercourse with strangers. The ladies returned with all the rage of disappointed women, and the war was renewed in all its horrors. They were well acquainted with the bow and arrow, but used it as an amusement. The only missive weapons they use are the sling and the spear. They have now amongst them about twenty stand of arms and two hundred rounds of powder and ball. They can take a musket to pieces and put it up again, are good marksmen, take proper care of their arms and ammunition, and are highly sensible of the superior advantage it gives them over the neighboring nations. In preparing and printing their cloth the women display a great sheer of ingenuity and good taste. Many of their figures were exactly patterns which prevailed as fashionable when we left England, both striped and figured. They print their figured cloth by dipping the leaves in dye-stuffs of different colors and placing them as their fancy directs. Their cloth is of a different texture of fineness. Some the stuff of the same nature in quality as the slightest Indian paper, to a kind as durable as some of our cottons, but they will not bear water, and of course become troublesome and expensive. They are generally made up in bales, running about two yards broad and twenty or thirty yards long. We had some thousands of yards of its scent on board as presents. Their sumptory laws at first sight may appear severe toward the fair sex, who are not permitted to eat butcher meat, nor to eat at all in the presence of their husbands. It certainly does not convey the most delicate ideas to a mind impressed with much sensibility to see a fine woman devouring a piece of beef, and those voluptuaries who may be said to exist only by their women would naturally endeavor to remove the possibility of presupposing a disgusting idea in that object in which their happiness centers. Every woman, the queen and the royal family, accepted. On the approach of the king is denuded down to the waste, and continues so whilst his majesty is in sight. Should the king enter a woman's house it is immediately pulled down. The king is never permitted to help himself with meat or drink, which makes him a very troublesome visitor, as he is never quiet while a bottle is in sight till he has had the last drop of it. Their houses are well adapted to tempered climate they inhabit, and generally consist of three chambers, the interior one of which the chief retires to after he has drunk his cava. A profound silence is observed during his repose, for should they be suddenly awakened it produces violent vomiting and a train of uneasy sensations. Otherwise, if undisturbed, it proves a safe anodyne, creates amorous dreams and a powerful excitement to venery. In the adjoining chamber his fair spouse awaits, with eager expectation to avail herself of the happy moment when her lord should awake, which is by slow degrees, and he is roused from a lesion by her gentle offices, intenderly embracing every part of his body until his ideal scenes of bliss are realized. And when fully sated with this luscious banquet, they retire to the bath to gather fresh vigor for renewal of similar joys. In this mazy round of chaste dissipation the hours glide on, and the evening is spent in dancing to the music of pan's pipe, the flute, and the heave-a-drum. They then go to the bath again, and the festivity of the evening is concluded with a repast of fruit and young coconut milk. The whole village indiscriminately join the feast, and the demon of rank and precedence with their appendages, malevolence, and envy has never yet disturbed their happy board. Happy would it have been for those people had they never been visited by Europeans, for to our shame at bespoken disease and gunpowder is all the benefit they have ever received from us in return for their hospitality and kindness. The ravages of venereal disease is evident from the mutilated objects so frequent amongst them, where death has not drawn a charitable veil over their misery by putting a period to their existence. A disease of the consumptive kind has of late made great havoc amongst them. This they call the British disease, as they have only had it since their intercourse with the English. In this complaint they are avoided by society from a supposition of its being contagious, and in every old outhouse you will find miserable objects for want of medical assistance abandoned to their wretched fate. From what we could learn, it generally terminates fatally in 10 or 12 months, but I am led to believe that in many cases it originates from the venereal disease. The voice of humanity, honor, and justice calls upon us as a nation to remedy those evils by sending some intelligent surgeon to live amongst them. They are at present panting for the pruning hand of civilization and the arts. Love and adore us as beings of superior nature, but gently abrade us with having left them in the same abject state they were in when first discovered. We had buoyed many of them with the hopes of carrying them to England with us in order to secure their fidelity and honesty, especially those who were the most useful in our domestic concerns, but on explaining to them that even bread was not to be obtained in England without labor, they lost hopes of their favorite voyage. Large presents were now brought us for our sea store and notwithstanding Mr. Bentham, our purser, having most liberally supplied the ship with four pounds of fresh pork per man each day, that made no apparent scarcity. Besides salting some thousand weight and a prodigious number of goats, fowls, and other things, could we have made it convenient to have stayed another week? Some cows were promised to have been sent from a neighboring island. Captain Cook had left them. A horse, a mare, a cow, a calf, and a bull, but from some mistake they killed the horse instead of one of the cows and found it very tough, disagreeable eating, by which means they were disgusted with all horned cattle and drew an unfavorable conclusion that their meat was all of the same texture. Had some pains been taken with them to get the better of a dislike they have to milk and explain to them how variously it might be employed as food, I have no doubt they would have paid more attention to the horned cattle. They used to persist in saying that milk was urine, but on pointing to a woman that was suckling a child and pushing their own argument, they seemed convinced of their error. We have left them with a goose and a gander which they take much delight in. Idea, the queen, endeavored to conquer that absurd dislike and at last became fond of milk in her tea. A painting of Captain Cook, done in oil by Weber, which had been delivered to Captain Edwards on his first landing, was now returned to them. It is held by them in the greatest veneration and I should not be surprised if one day or other divine honors should be paid it. They still believe Captain Cook is living and they're seeing Mr. Bentham, our purser, whom they perfectly recollect as having been on the voyage with him and spoke their language, will confirm them in that opinion. The harbor was surveyed by Mr. George Passmore, the master and able and experienced officer. Our officers here, as at Rio de Janeiro, showed the most manly and philanthropic disposition by giving up their cabins and sacrificing every comfort and convenience for the good of mankind in accommodating boxes with plants of breadfruit trees that the laudable intentions of government might not be frustrated from the loss of his majesty ship Bounty. We now completed our water from an excellent spring out of a rock close to the water's edge at Orafe. King Otu, his queen, Adia, came on board and were importunate in their solicitations of Captain Edwards requesting him to take them to England with him. A reedy the concubine likewise requested the same favor, but she more generously begged that they might all three go together. But Orafe and the other chiefs remonstrated against his going as they were on the eve of a war. We were now perfectly ready for sea and as Captain Cook's picture is presented to all strangers, it is customary for navigators to write their observations on the back of it. And so our arrival and departure were notified upon it. The ship was filled with coconuts and fruit and as many pigs, goats, and fowls as the decks and the boats could hold. The dismal day of our departure now arrived and I believe was the first time that an Englishman got up his anchor at the remotest part of the globe with a heavy heart to go home to his own country. Every canoe almost in the island was hovering round the ship and they began to mourn as is customary for the death of a near relation. They bared their bodies, cut their heads with shells, smeared their breasts and shoulders with warm blood as it streamed down and as the blood ceased flowing they renewed their wounds in their head attended with a dismal yell. O too now took leave of us and with tears trickling down his cheeks begged to be remanded to King George. The tender was put in commission and the command given to Mr. Oliver, the master's mate. Mr. Renard, a midshipman, James, Dodds, quartermaster and six privates were put on board of her. She was decked beautifully built in the size of a grave's end boat. The end of Chapter 1, Part 2, of A Voyage Round the World by George Hamilton. This is Chapter 2 of George Hamilton's A Voyage Round the World in His Majesty's Frigate Pandora. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain, read by Roy Schreiber. George Hamilton's A Voyage Round the World in His Majesty's Frigate Pandora. Chapter 2, with a pleasant breeze on the evening of the 8th of May, we passed Emië, or York Island, contiguous to and in sight of Otehidi. It is governed by Matuora, brother-in-law, to Otu. It is a pleasant romantic-looking spot, with very high hills upon it and about 12 miles in circumference. They are lately attacked by some neighbouring power and Matuora requested the lend of a musket from his friend and a lie. When peace was restored, Otu sent for his musket. Matuora represented that as a man, from a sense of honour, he wished to return it. But as king, the love he bore his subjects prevented him from complying with the request. That single musket and a few cartridges gives him no small degree of consequence and are retained in the royal dower of his wife. Next morning, we reached Hyuha Hini and sent boats on shore in Owarabae. As Odidi, the chief, requested to go with us to Waitutaki, he went on shore with officers in search for intelligence of the mutineers, but they returned without success. Here we learn the fate of Omae, the native of Otuhidi, whom Captain Cook brought from England. On his return here, he had wealth enough to obtain every fine woman on the island, and at last fell martyr to Venus, having finished his career by venereal disease two years after his landing. His house and gardener still standing, but his musket occasioned a war after his death and was found in the possession of a native. Of Ulaiti, his servant was on board us, but had not retained a single article of his property. On the 10th, we examined Ulaiti and Otuha, interchanged presence with the natives and landed in Shamanimin's Bay, but got no information. Next, we examined Bula Bula on the 11th, and Teita, who, the king, honored us with a visit. The people of this island are of a more warlike disposition than any other of the society islands. An account of that national ferocity of character are much caressed by the Tahitians and neighboring islands. They are sensible of their preeminence and boast of their country in whatever island you meet them. They are tattooed in a peculiar manner, and whether they may have spread their conquests or other nations imitated them, I could not learn. But a prodigious number in the islands we afterwards visited were tattooed in their fashion. What was more singular, we saw some of them with their glands penis entirely tattooed and our men being tattooed in the arms, legs and breasts, places of much less sensation, were often lame for weeks from the excruciating torture of the operation. Teita, who likewise informed us that there were no white men on Tubei, a small island to the northward of Bula Bula, and under his jurisdiction, nor upon Maruha, another island in sight to the westward of Bula Bula. He also mentioned another island, Mopeha. Here Oditi went on shore, but getting drunk in meeting some of his old friends, he fell asleep and lost his passage. On the 12th we left Moraha and on the 13th lost sight of the society islands. Here one of the prisoners begged to speak with the captain and gave information of Mr. Christian's intended route. We now shaped our chorus to fall into the eastward of Waitutaki, an island discovered by Captain Bly, and on the 19th we made the island. We sent the boat on shore covered by the tender to examine it, but found it a thing impossible for the bounty to have been there, and the natives said that they had seen no white people. They were very shy and we could not coax them on board. One of them recollected having seen Lieutenant Hayward on board the bounty. Here we purchased from the natives a spear of the most exquisite workmanship. It was nine feet long and cut in the form of a gothic spire, all its ornaments being executed in a kind of alto-redevo, which from the slow progress they made with stone tools must have been the labor of a whole man's life. Here nature begins to assume a rudder aspect and the silken bands of love gives way to the rustic garniture of war. The natives of either sex wear no clothing, but a girdle of stain leaves around their middle and the men gorget of the exact shape and size as at present worn by officers in our service. It is made of the pearl oyster shell. The center is black and the transparent part of the shell is left as an edge or border to it, which gives it a very fine effect. It is slung round their neck with a band of human hair or the fibers of a coconut shell, of admirable texture and a rose worked at each corner of the gorget, the same as the military great coat of the present day. We now began to discover that the ladies of Ohtahidi had left us with many warm tokens of their affection. Instructions were given to the commander of the tender to be particular in guarding against surprise and a rendezvous established in case of separation. And on Sunday, the 22nd of May, made Palmerston's islands. The tender signal was made to cover the boats in landing and some natives were seen rowing across the lagoon at a considerable distance. Soon after their landing, Lieutenant Corner and his party discovered a yard and some spars marked bounty and the broad arrow upon them. When this intelligence was communicated to the ship, a signal was made to the party on shore to advance with great circumspection and to guard against surprise. Mr. Rickards, the master's mate, went in the cutter and made a circuit of the island. Lieutenant's Corner and Haywood landed on different aisles with cork jackets, but the surf running very high all round rendered it exceedingly dangerous and in many places impracticable. Had they not been expert swimmers in duty of this kind, they must have certainly been drowned as they had not only themselves and the party to take care of but the arms and ammunition to land dry. About four o'clock in the afternoon, Mr. Seval, the midshipman came on board in the Jolly Boat and brought with him several very curious stained canoes representing the figures of men, fishes, and beasts. He had committed some mistake in the orders he was sent to execute and was ordered to return immediately to rectify it, but the boat did not come back again. A few minutes after she left the ship, the weather became thick and hazy and began to blow fresh so that even with the assistance of glasses, they could not see whether she made the shore or not. It continued to blow during the night so as to prevent the party on shore from coming on board. They had been employed during the day in searching all the islands with particular attention, having every reason to suspect that the mutineers were there from finding the bounties, yard, and spars. But at last wore out with fatigue in marching and swimming through so many reefs and having no vitals the whole day. In the evening they began to forage for something to eat. The gigantic cockle was the only thing that presented. Of the shell of one they made a kettle to boil some junks of it in it. It may be necessary here to remark for the information of those who are not acquainted with it that there are some of them larger than three men can carry. Of this coarse fare and some coconuts they made shift with the assistance of a good appetite to make a tolerable hearty supper. They then set the watch and went to sleep. They had thrown a large coconut on the fire before they lay down and forgot it. But in the middle of the night the milk of the coconut became so expanded with the heat that it burst with a great explosion. Their minds had been so much engaged in the course of the day with the enterprise they were employed in expecting muskets to be fired at them from every bush that they all jumped up, seized their arms and were some time before they could undeceive themselves that they were really not attacked. In the morning the boats returned and we were much concerned to hear that they had seen nothing of the Jolly Boat. The tender received a fresh supply of provisions and ammunition. At the same time they had orders to cruise in a certain direction to look for the Jolly Boat. And Palmerston's aisles were pointed as the rendezvous to meet again. Lieutenant Corner now came on board in a canoe not much bigger than a butcher's tray. The cutter was sent a second time to search the reefs but returned without success. We then run down with the ship in the direction of the wind had blown a preceding day in hopes of finding the boat. But after a whole day's run to Leeward and working up again by traverses to the aisles saw nothing of her. The tender, woven sight in the evening and we again searched the aisles without success. All further hopes of seeing her were given up and we proceeded on our voyage. It may be difficult to surmise what has been the fate of these unfortunate men. They had a piece of salt beef thrown into the boat to them on leaving the ship and it rained a good deal that night and the following day which might satiate their thirst. It is by these accidents the divine ruler of the universe has peopled the southern hemisphere. Here are innumerable islands in perpetual growth. The coral, a marine vegetable with which the South seas in every part abounds is continually shooting up from the bottom to the surface which at first forms lagoon islands and the water in the center is evaporated by the heat of the sun till at last a terra firma is completed. In this state it would forever remain a barren sand had not divine providence given birth to the coconut tree whose fruit is so protected with a hard shell that after floating about for a 12th month in the sea it will vegetate, take root and grow in those salt marshes, lagoons, incipient aisles or whatever you please to call them. Their roots serve to bind the surface of the coral and the annual shedding of their leaves in time creates a soil which produces a verdu or undergrowth. This affords a favorite resting place to sea fowls and the whole feathered race who in their dung drop the seeds of shrubs, fruits and plants by which means all variety of the vegetable kingdom is disseminated. At last the variegated landscape rises to view and when the divine architect has finished his work it becomes then a residence for man. From the various accidents incident to man in the early stages of society their wants and the restless spirit inherent in their natures they are tempted to dare the elements either in fishing, commerce or war and from their terminity are often blown to remote and uninhabited islands. Distressing accidents of this nature often happening to inhabitants of the South Seas they now seldom undertake any hazardous enterprise by water without a woman and a sow with pig being in the canoe with them by which means if they are cast on any of those uninhabited islands they fix their abode. Their remote situation from European powers has to try to deprive them of the culture of civilized life as they neither serve to swell the ambitious views of conquest nor the avarice of commerce. Here the sacred finger of omnipotence has interposed and rendered our vices the instruments of virtue and although that unfortunate man Christian has in a rash unguarded moment been tempted to swerve from his duty to his king and country as he is in other respects of an amiable character and respectable abilities. Should he elude the hand of justice it may be hoped he will employ his talents in humanizing the rude savages so that at some future period a British lion may blaze forth in the South with all the characteristic virtues of the English nation and complete the great prophecy by propagating the Christian knowledge amongst the infidels. As Christian has taken 14 beautiful women with him from Otehidi there is little doubt of his intention of colonizing some undiscovered island. On the sixth day of June we discovered an island which was named the Duke of York's island. Lieutenant's corner and Hayward were sent out to examine it in the two little yalls covered by the tender. Some huts being discovered by the ship a signal was immediately made for the party on shore to be on their guard and to advance with caution. Soon after their arrival on shore a ship's wooden boy was discovered. On searching the huts nets of different sizes were found hanging in them and a variety of fishing utensils. Stages and wharfs were likewise discovered in different parts of the creek which led us to imagine it was only an island resorted to in the fishing season by some neighboring nation. The skeleton of a very large fish supposed to be a whale was found near the beach and a place of venerable aspect formed entirely by the hand of nature and resembling a druidical temple commanded their attention. The falling of a very old large tree formed an arch through which the interior part of the temple was seen which heightened the perspective and gave a romantic solemn dignity to the scene. At the extreme end of the temple three altars were placed, the center one higher than the other two in which some white shells were piled in regular order. After traversing the island they returned to the huts and hung up a few knives, looking glasses and some little articles of European manufacture that the natives on their return might know that the island had been visited. On the 12th we discovered another island which was named the Duke of Clarence's Island. In running along the land we saw several canoes crossing lagoons. The tender signal was made to cover the boats in landing and Lieutenant's Corner in Haywood sent to recon order the beach to discover a landing place. In this duty they came pretty near some of the natives in their canoes who had made signs of peace to them but either from fear or business avoided having any intercourse with us. Mores or burying places were likewise found here which indicated it to be a principal residence. Here they find some old coconut trees hollowed longitudinally as tanks or reservoirs for rainwater. On the 18th we discovered an island of more considerable extent than any that had hitherto been discovered in the south. And as there were many collateral circumstances that might hereafter promise it to be a discovery of national importance in honor of the First Lord of the Admiralty it was called Chatham's Island. It is beautifully diversified with hills and dales of twice the extent of Tahiti and a hearty warlike race of people. The natives described a large river to us which disembodied itself into a spacious bay that promises an excellent anchorage. Here we learned of the death of Finau king of Anamuka from one of his family of the same name who had a finger cut off in mourning for him. After trading a whole day with the natives who seemed fair and honorable in their dealings we examined it without success and proceeded on our voyage. On the 21st we discovered a very considerable island about 40 miles long. It was named by the natives Otu Tuila. Captain Edwards gave it no name. But should posterity derive the advantages from it which it at present promises I presume it may hereafter be called Edwards Island. It is well wooded with immense large trees whose foliage spreads like the oak and there is a deal of shrubbery on it bearing a yellow flower. The natives are remarkably handsome. Some of them had their skins tinged with yellow as a mark of distinction which at first led us to imagine that they were diseased. Neither sex were any clothing but a girdle of leaves round the middle stained with different colors. The women adorn their hair with chaplets of sweet smelling flowers and bracelets and necklaces of flowers round their waist and neck. On their first coming on board they trembled with fear. They were perfectly ignorant of firearms never having seen a Eurasian ship before. They made many gestures of submission and were struck with wonder and surprise at everything they saw. Amongst other things they brought us some remarkable fine puddings which abounded with aromatic spices that excelled in taste and flavor the most delicate seed cake. As we have never hitherto known of spices or aromatics being in the South Seas it is certainly a matter worthy of the investigation of some future circumnavigators. We traded with them the whole day and got many curiosities. Birds and fowls of the most splendid plumage were brought on board and some resembling the peacock and a great variety of the parrot kind. One woman amongst the others came on board. She was six foot high of exquisite beauty and exact symmetry being naked and unconscious of being so added to the luster of her charms. For, in the words of the poet, she need not the foreign ornaments of dress. Careless of beauty she was beauty itself. Many mouths were watering for her but Captain Edwards with great humanity and prudence had given previous orders that no woman should be permitted to go below as our health had not quite recovered from the shock it received into Hedi and the lady was obliged be contented with viewing the great cabin where she was shown the wonders of the Lord on the face of the mighty deep. Before evening, the women went all on shore and the men began to be troublesome and pilfering. The third lieutenant had a new coat stolen out of his cabin and they were making off with every bit of iron they could lay hands on. Now came to blow fresh and we were obliged to make off from the land. Those who were engaged in trade on board were so anxious that we had got almost out of sight of their canoes before they perceived the ship's motion which they all jumped into the water like a flock of wild geese but one fellow more earnest than the rest hung by the rudder chains for a mile or two thinking to detain her. This evening at five o'clock we unfortunately parted company and lost sight of our tender. False fires were burnt and great guns and small arms were fired without success as it came on thick blowing weather. We cruised for her all the twenty-third and twenty-fourth near where we parted company which was off a piece of remarkable high land. What was most unfortunate, water and provisions were then on deck for her which were intended to have been put on board of her this morning. She had the day before received orders in case of separation to rendezvous at Anamuka and to wait there for us. A small keg of salt and another of nails and ironware were likewise put on board of her to traffic with the Indians in the latitudes and longitudes of the places we would touch at in our intended route. She had a boarding netting fixed to prevent her being boarded and several seven-barreled pieces and blunderbusses put on board of her. As we proceeded to the eastward we saw another island which we knew to be one of the navigator's aisles discovered by Mishua Bougainville. On the twenty-eighth in the morning saw the Hape Islands discovered by Captain Cook and before noon the group of islands to the eastward of Anamuka and sailed down between Little Anamuka and Fall Afaji Island. On the twenty-ninth we anchored in the road at Anamuka immediately on our arrival a large sailing canoe was hired and Lieutenant Hayward and one private sent to the Hape and Fiji Islands making quarries after the bounty and our tender but received no intelligence. Here they found an axe which had been left by Captain Cook and bothered with the natives of the different islands for hogs, yams, and etc. The people of Anamuka are the most daring set of robbers in the South Seas and with the greatest deference and submission to Captain Cook I think the name Friendly Islands is a perfect misnomer as their behavior to himself, to us and to Captain Bly's unfortunate boat at Murderer's Cove pretty clearly evinces. Indeed, Murderer's Cove in the Friendly Isles is saying a volume on the subject. Two or three of the officers were taking a walk on shore one evening who had the precaution to take their pistols with them. They seemed to crowd round us with more than idle curiosity but on presenting the pistols to them they sheared off. The captain soon joined us and brought his servant with him carrying a bag of nails and some trifling presents which he meant to distribute amongst them. But he took the bag from him and dispatched him with a message to the boat on which the crowd followed him. As soon as he got out of our sight they stripped him naked and romped him of his clothes and every article he had but one shoe which he used for concealing his nakedness. At this juncture Lieutenant Hayward arrived from his expedition and called the assistance of the guard in searching for the robbers. We saw the natives all running and dodging behind trees which led us to suspect there was some mischief brewing but we soon discovered the great Irishman with his shoe full in one hand and a bayonet in the other naked and foaming mad with revenge on the natives for the treatment he had received. Night coming on we went on board without recovering the poor fellow's clothes. The next day we were honoured the visit from Taitafi, king of Anamuka was of lineal descent from the same family that reigned in the island when discovered by Tasman, the Dutch circumnavigator and the story of his landing and supplying them with dogs and hogs is handed down by oral tradition to this day. Here society may be said to exist in the second stage with respect to Ohtahidi. As land is scarcer, private property is more exactly ascertained and each man's possessions fenced in with a beautiful Chinese railing. Highways and roads leading to public places are neatly fenced on each side and a handsome approach to their houses by a gravel walk with shrubbery planted with some degree of taste on each side of it. Many of them had rows of pineapples on each side of the avenue. Messers hayward in corner with their usual benevolence took much pains in teaching them the manner of transplanting their pineapples which hint they immediately adopted and were very thankful of any advice either in rearing their fruit or cultivating their ground. The Shadaks are superior in flavor to those in the West Indies and they will soon have oranges from what we have left amongst them. The women here are extremely beautiful and although they want that feminine softness of manners which the Ohtahidi women possess in so eminent a degree, their matchless vivacity and fine animated countenances compensate the want of softer blandishments of their sister island. There is a favorite amusement of the ladies here, the cup and ball, such as children play at in England. It serves to give them a digager kind of air by which means you have a more elegant display of their charms. They are well aware of their fascinating powers and use them with much address as our fine women do, knotting and in other acts of industry. Trade went briskly on. They brought abundance of hogs and several ton weight of very excellent yams. We found that pork took salt and was cured much better than at Ohtahidi. Many beautiful girls were brought on board by their mothers who were very exorbitant in their demands as nothing less than a broad axe would satisfy them. But after standing their market three days La Puselage fell to an old razor, a pair of scissors or a very large nail. Indeed this trade was pushed to so great a height that the quarter-deck became the scene of the most indelicate familiarities. Nor did the unfeeling mothers commiserate with the pain and suffering of the poor girls but seemed to enjoy it as a monstrous good thing. It is customary here when girls meet with an accident of this kind that a council of matrons is held and to novitiate as a gash made in her forefinger. We soon observed a number of cut fingers amongst them and had the razors held out, I believe all the girls in the island would have undergone the same operation. Party was sent on shore to cut wood for fuel and grass for the sheep, but they would not permit a blade of grass to be cut till they were paid for it. The watering party shared the same fate and notwithstanding a guard of armed men were sent to protect the others whilst on that duty, the natives were continually harassing them and committing depredations. One of them came behind Lieutenant Corner and made a blow at him with his club which luckily missed his head and only stunned him in the back of the neck. And while in that state snatched his handkerchief from him that Mr. Corner, recovering before the thief got out of sight, leveled his piece and shot him dead. Tetefi, the king, was going to collect tribute from the islands under his jurisdiction and went in the frigate of Tofua. But previous to our sailing, a letter was left to Mr. Oliver, the commander of the tender, should he chance to arrive before our return. Makukala, the principal chief, held it. The night the burning mountain on Tofua exhibited a grand spectacle, and in the morning two canoes were sent ashore to announce the arrival of those two great personages, Tetefi and Tubu, who went on shore in the Pandora's barge to give them more consequence. But the tributary princes came off in canoes to do homage to Tetefi before he reached the shore. They came alongside the barge, lowered their heads over the side of the canoe, and Tetefi, agreeable to their custom, put his foot on their heads. But on shore, a presence he had received from us, he distributed amongst his subjects with a liberality worthy of a great prince. Some of the people who were here had behaved with savage barbarity Captain Bly's boat at Murderer's Cove. They perfectly recollected Mr. Hayward and seemed to shrink from him. Captain Edwards took much pains with Tetefi, the king, to make him sensible of his disapprobation of their conduct, Captain Bly's boat. But conciliatory and gentle means were all that can be enjoined at present, lest our tender should fall amongst them. The end of chapter two.