 The study aims to estimate worldwide prevalence of chronic low back pain according to age and sex by consulting electronic databases such as Medline, Lilex, and M-Base. The search strategy used descriptors like back pain, prevalence, musculoskeletal diseases, chronic musculoskeletal pain, rheumatic, low back pain, musculoskeletal disorders, and chronic low back pain. Cross-sectional population-based or cohort studies that assessed chronic low back pain as an outcome were selected. The review included 28 studies, with around one-third of them having low scores due to high non-response rates. Chronic low back pain prevalence was found to be higher in women and increased linearly from the third decade of life on until the 60 years of age. Methodological approaches aiming to reduce heterogeneity in case definitions of chronic low back pain are essential for consistency and comparative analysis between studies. A standard chronic low back pain definition should include a precise description of the anatomical area, pain duration, and limitation level. This article was authored by Rodrigo D'Alchignussi, Ana Claudia Gastalfassa, and Nisse Muller Xavier Faria. We are article.tv, links in the description below.