 professor in education in this university. Today I'm going to deliver a presentation on which is one of the most important components of today's world that is distance education which is a need of our besides having conventional system of education. Before going to discuss the distance about the distance education in details, let us have a look on the importance of education what does education imply in the present era that is commonly known as knowledge based era. Whenever we are talking about education we mean that at present education is a prerequisite for gaining knowledge and skills in order to develop human mankind. Education is the only way to bring the welfare of the people of a society as a whole. In fact education is a lifelong process from which people gather life experiences that are needed for them by them for a meaningful existence in a society. Even at present India as a developing country has the basic motto to accelerate human mobility and excellence. Although demographically India as a whole has great potential because demographically where very India is very rich but the growth of manpower and the level of its engagement in productive activities are yet to be fully harnessed. Therefore to make education accessible as possible to all is the important human rights for everyone living in the country. It is urgent need to disseminate information and knowledge to the people through various modes of education. Open and distance learning is the most valuable option for making education as accessible as possible for all. Whenever after knowing the importance of education what does education actually imply after knowing that we must have to know what does distance education reveal. Actually it has emerged as an effective means to bring education to the doorstep of those who are deprived of the educational opportunities in the conventional mode in the mainstream educational institution. This system it means the open and distance learning system offers opportunities to millions of unprivileged learners including those like the self-employed and the housewife who desire for an enlightened and productive way of life. Distance education means a mode of learning through which education can be accessed by the people irrespective of geographical areas physical existence of this space time etc. Event 11 Fipers Plan of the Government of India has made a target of covering around 40% of the total number of students under ODL means open and distance learning system. Today for its flexibility this system is considered indispensable as TAs as far as education is concerned that is getting education at any time anywhere and anyhow. The basic objective behind this system is to make democratization of education possible in India. Why distance education emerged has emerged. Emergence of distance education basically for mainly some facts due to some facts those are that is institutional expansion limited to the conventional system of education era of knowledge society economic liberalization after 1991 post economic reform that is commonly known as post economic reform in 1991 that is the economic liberalization government action towards inclusive growth. Emergence of state open universities for human capital formation and utilizing economic resources in the country. Thus the mode of distance education distance education basically is a mode. This mode is very beneficial for those who dropped out from schools and colleges on economic compulsions and are now engaging themselves in trade and business etc those who made who got married early and discontinued their education in schools and colleges this mode is very beneficial for them those who work in offices and industries without completing degrees diplomas those are required for their profession those persons including housewife who simply could not carry on their studies in the conventional system in time and now their desires to pursue education those who want to get further education for their better better employability infuser and besides besides these factors the audio system and a bolt the in-service persons or professionals to enhance their professional qualifications and training while on the job. Then after knowing the beneficial basic beneficial factors of distance education now we have to look at on growth of distance education in the world it has a actually it has a long history and earlier it was known as correspondence education correspondence education means the teaching learning situation where the teacher and learner have no face-to-face contact they interact only through postal correspondence print is the only media instruction and the printed lessons are the only source of learning for the learner the correspondence education took formal shape in England in 1840 through Isaac Pittman who started using postal tuition to teach certain to many of his students spread all over inland at international level distance education was started in 1883 when a private tutor taught English composition to his students by post providing two-way communication later the academicians thought that distance education was a more appropriate term than the correspondence in distance education students support services and a variety of evaluation methods are an important component distance education is a learner based approach apart from print media distance education includes the non-print media such as radio, telephone, audio kits, video kits, computer and other electronic devices after correspondence and distance education open learning was named in one of the issues of the Pittman's journey in 1929 long before the first open university in the world that is commonly known as UK open university was which was established in 1969 Pittman was the pioneer who introduced the short-hand education through corresponding system for the first time today the open distance learning is the most popular media for learning through which people can easily access the global learning in each or her own doorstep common to wealth of learning the school is an organization that helps the common to wealth member states to harness the potential of distance education and technology to enhance the people's access to learning as here has the largest of adult audience learners in the world which over 70 open universities 13 of which are mega universities india alone has a growing network of 14 open universities 14 open schools and nearly 150 12-moot institutions which collectively cater to over 7 million learners whenever we are going to discuss the history and growth of distance education in india particularly in india and it is found that several conventional universities set up their own directorates of correspondence courses today they are more than 200 universities that have directorates of distance education offering programs through distance mode after establishing open universities UK in 1969 had its bearing impact in india too the first state open university in india was from Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University Hyderabad formerly it is known as underproduce open university was established by an act of state legislature on august 26 1982 on the line of the british open university the first indian open university meant it was to provide educational opportunities to adult learners who could not get a sense of pursuing higher education in the conventional universities and to democratize higher educational opportunities to the disadvantageous sections of the society the second open university to be established was the Indira Gandhi national open university that is all we know that is Hindu in 1985 by an act of parliament as national open university with its jurisdiction throughout the country the list I have provided to all and basically there's 13 state open university in india and one central university that is commonly known we know that there's Indira national open university then the state open university and there's a 13 state open university first in 1982 underproduced by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Open University it is in uh in Hyderabad and the last the 13 the asan krisna kanta hanuk state open university which was established in 2006 Maharashtra Open University Maharashtra Open University Gujarat Ambedkar Open University in 1984 then Bihar Nalanda Open University which was established in 1985 Karnataka State Open University which was established in 1996 in West Bengal let us say Subhas Open University in Kolkata established in 1997 Uttar Pradesh University Tandal Open University in 1999 Rajasthan Burdaman Mahabir Open University which was established 2002 Tamil Nadu Open University in 2009 2002 Bihar Pandit Sundar Lal Sharma Open University Satishkar 2004 Uttar Ancel Open University 2006 in 2006 it was krisna kanta hanuk state open university interestingly at present the share of distance education in the gross environmental ratio is about 20 percent which is very significant because in the conventional system the present gross environmental ratio is about 40 percent or 18 percent now it is i think it is 18 percent in India actually the growth of distance education is in five generation those are widely defined by professor James Taylor who had divided distance education into the five generation which are mainly correspondence based on print technology multimedia model based on print audio and video technology daily learning model based on application of telecommunications technologies providing synchronous communication flexible learning model based on online delivery via internet intelligent flexible learning model based on advanced online technology and today the pedagogy of otl includes delivery interactive multimedia cd rom internet based tutoring learning support enhanced quality interaction anywhere at any time synchronous and asynchronous communication both offline and online communication equal opportunities for learners to participate or contribute interpersonal interaction in between tutor learners peers social networking and collaboration does it has seen that the open and distance learning in our country has already forced many phases but still it has a long way to go in providing education to all if we look at trend of the growth of distance education institution and numbers of learners in the country then from the beginning 1962 the dwellmood of university or institute in India was only one and the distance education institution was one whereas in 2010 the total dwellmood university institution was 242 the numbers and single mood open universities numbers 14 and total distance will be institution 256 this from this table it has found that the trend of establishing open and distance universities is moving fast and thereby audio system is contributing significantly into making education accessible to a large number of people in the country whenever we check the growth of look at growth of enrollment in distance education then already we have discussed that it has now to take over 23 percent gross enrollment ratio in india 23.35 percent to gross enrollment ratio in the country the open and distance learning is a viable option through which it has been possible to make education accessible to all without any social economic and cultural discrimination it's a very fast-moving actually open learning includes removing the barriers and restrictions placed on students as evident in the conventional education system by opening up learning opportunities to a wider range of people and enabling them to learn more continually and periodically in fact audio is a cost-effective way covering a wide section of people in a society at one time cost for instance in online courses the expenditure is a one-time cost for preparing it which covers a large number of people for many years open and distance learning has greater scope to innovate and to put flexibility into the system in order to cater for the needs of heterogeneous learners keeping in view the changes of time and the need and requirements of the society therefore today for its and fantasies section it is called as independent learning flexible learning and more self-learning thank you