 Thank you. My talk is on what did we learn from the project about the developed and less developed countries. I will give a few words on the notion of less developed and developed countries. And I will focus my talk in the result of the survey and a few slides about publication patterns and good practices. So the notion of level development is based on the classification of human development index, a United Nations program. The index is a composite of many things, health, education, and standard of living in a country. And we have four groups of countries, low, medium, high, and very high. Now, according to this classification, the countries are divided into categories of development. More developed countries wish a high or very high index in the classification of human development classification. And if you have a one, let's develop countries which are low or medium. And since I am from Africa, I notice that most of African countries appear in the list of less developed countries. Let me show the picture again. And everyone can look at her or his country. This is the map of developed level according to the HDA. So now about the survey by development level, we have four items. First, about doctoral studies. In the survey, there were questions about relationship with the advisor or supervisor, fairness in the doctoral programs, gender of the advisor, and significant interruption in the doctoral studies. The second group is about career. We have a statement, my employer treats everyone fairly. My co-workers are respectful to everyone. Comparison of their career progression to their colleagues with who complete their final degree at the same time. And as also comparison of their salary to their colleagues with similar qualification. And the last one, serving on important committees at the institute of a company. The next group is about discrimination. Discrimination about the because of their gender, because of their age or never experiencing discrimination. Now about personal life. We have influence of the career on the decision about children and marriage or similar long-term partnership. Comparing the salary to their partner or spouse, indicating whether their spouse is employed in their field and also their work or career did not change significantly. And indicating who is responsible of the majority of housekeeping. And the last one, the personal encountered sexual harassment at school or work. Now the table I am presenting, most of the table we are in the preliminary reports. You can find them on the preliminary report. OK, the relationship with the advisor. The question was indicating they had a positive relationship with the advisor or supervisor during doctoral studies. And here, for the first part, more developed country, the green one is for female and the orange for male. And for less developed countries, they are all grays. And I think Sylvina explained the colors used in the survey. And we can see that 80% of all respondents indicate they have a positive relationship with the advisor or supervisor. But in the detail, we can see that women, women were less likely than men to indicate a positive experience with the advisor or supervisor in more developed countries. And women in less developed countries were more likely than women in more developed countries to indicate a positive experience with the advisor. About fairness in the doctoral program, there were three possibilities. Disagree, natural or agree. And as we can see, in more developed countries, there were significant difference between the response from women and men about fairness in the doctoral programs. And women from more developed countries were less likely than men to agree that the program treats everyone fairly. About the gender of the advisor, here the majority of women and men in both developed and less developed countries indicate that the primary advisor were male. But in both categories, women were more likely than the male to indicate that they had female advisor or supervisor. Now about interruption in the doctoral studies. In both developed and less developed countries, women were more likely than men to indicate that they had significant interruption in the doctoral studies. And interruption were more prevalent in less developed areas compared to more developed areas for both men or women. Now analysis through employers. The statement was my employer treats everyone fairly. There were three possibilities. Disagree, natural and agree. And as we can see, in more and less developed countries, women were more likely than men to disagree with the statement. And women in less developed countries were more likely than women in more developed countries to disagree with the statement. About co-workers, here again the possibilities were disagree, neutral and agree. And we see that in more developed countries, women were more likely than men to disagree with this idea of this statement. And both women and men in less developed countries were more likely than women and men in developed countries to disagree with the idea. Now the analysis through career progression and salary. The possibility was, first, the aim was to compare career progression to the colleagues who complete their final degrees at the same time. And the possibilities were more quickly about the same and more slowly. And we can see that women were more likely than men in both countries, developed and less developed to educate their career progress more slowly. And this is for salary, but we can have a similar observation about lower than the colleagues in their workplace with similar qualifications. Serving on important committees in more developed countries, men were more likely than women to have served on important committees. And there is a difference between women and men in less developed countries. Analysis through discrimination based on gender and age. Here I think the table is very clear. The statement was indicating feeling discriminated against assessment or evaluation of achievement because of gender. And women are significantly more likely than men to report discrimination based on gender in both more and less developed countries. This is for gender. And we can observe similar situation about the age. Now experiencing, never experiencing discrimination, I think it is a correlation with the last slide. Here we see that women were significantly more likely to report experiencing discrimination in both more and less developed countries. And the majority of men report that they never experienced discrimination comparing to women. And men in less developed countries were less likely to indicate that they had never experienced discrimination than men in more developed countries. Now analyzing through a career influence in personal life. The statement was indicating the career influenced by decision about children, marriage or a similar long term partnership. And we see that women were more likely than men in both more and less developed countries to save their career influence, their decision about the statement. Now the statement comparing the salary to their partner or spouse. Here we have four, sorry, yes. Here we have four possibilities less money than you about the same amount of money as you, more money than you, my spouse is not employed. And according to this table, in both more and less developed countries, women were more likely than men to save their spouse or partner and more money than them. And this is for the spouse salary. And we have similar observation about the spouse is employed in the same field as them. The question regarding career, family, and work life balance, we can see that in both more and less developed countries, women were more likely than men to save their career change significantly after having a child. And we can see a similar observation about the question, who is responsible for the majority of the housekeeping in the household. Now about the statement, very personally, to say it shortly about sexual harassment at school or work. Here women are more likely than men in both more and less developed countries to state that they personally encountered sexual harassment at school or work. OK, as I said before, all of these tables are in the preliminary report of the project, all of the table and all of the comments. Now about the publication patterns, I have to say that I prepared the last slides with Eagle because in the report I didn't have enough material to do it. And here the title is a little bit wrong, analysis of gender-led publication patterns by development level, but it is not by development level. We give an example, it is deviation from the means of women's share in single-auto article in astronomy and astrophysics. This is the repetition in all countries. And what we can say is in the time period 2009 and 2018, the average share of single-auto publication in ADS, ADS is astrophysics, data-based systems. Astrophysics and a system. Yeah, data system. That can be attributed to women is 13% of the total. And the map displays the deviation from the average proportion in different countries. Here the light blue, we can expect to see 13 of single-auto papers to be written by women. And the red color, higher fraction of women, greater than 30%, 13%. And the gray colors, not enough data was available. And in this slide, we just put the same table, this one, and the table of classification based on the HDI index. And we can just take a look and maybe repair our own country and what is done in astrophysics in the country. So a suggestion, since these publication patterns were not designed to, I cannot say it, the work is not already done for developed level. So a suggestion is to, since the results are available to all of us through the database, we can learn how to use the tools in the computer session today at 18. The venue is computer room on this floor. This is a comment of Eagle. Please bring your computer if you have one. We have 50 computers in the computer room. A possible mini project is to compare the data across less and more developed countries. Of course, if Elena agrees with the idea, Elena. So now about the good practices. I only report the total number of initiatives. And according to development level, we can see six initiatives from less developed countries, 36 initiatives from more developed countries. And we can see the largest number of accessible and evaluated initiatives found in Western Europe. I am not sure with the result. I put here 22, but in the top of Mary, I see 21. I don't know where is the mistake. Here, the distribution is according to less developed countries in blue and more developed countries in orange. And we have six initiatives from less developed countries, five in Africa and one in Asia. As conclusion, we can say that the main conclusion is that there is a gender gap in science both for more developed and less developed countries. It is not the case that the gender gap in science disappears with economical or even human development index. In some instance, a higher level of development is even correlated with a worse experience for respondents. For example, about graduate program quality relationship with one's graduate advisor and being personally arrested. So that is all for... Thank you, Marie-François.