 Good morning everyone. I am going to continue the lecture on latex. So, what we will be doing in this lecture is to browse some examples this document. So, we will create a table similar to this one with multi rows, multi columns. We have a text on the left hand side and the image on the right hand side. Programs, how to include programs? How to include a program directly from a file including a PDF document? If you remember this was the exercise which you had done in the class and the correction was uploaded on model by Prakash sir. After that we will see how to create some charts, bar chart and plot a graph and of course finally the how to cite the references and finally we will conclude with index. How to create a index of the book? So, we will be using text studio. The first thing that we actually write is document class and article. So, this article can be a book or a report or research paper that is IEEE TRAN the CLS file which we have. We then have the right hand side of the document the PDF file is visible. Let me first start by writing document class article. You will specify the font size 11 point. We have begin document. This is how you generally start writing a latex document. So, let us create a table similar to this one. So, we have section schedule. We will create a table similar to this. So, the very first thing is to observe that the first row base has three rows. It is three rows have been merged. The second one seminar three columns have been merged. So, let us create begin table slash begin tabular. We will specify the number of rows are four or the number of columns are four. So, we will write we create four columns. We start writing the content. So, let us first create us the last row which is Wednesday 8 1700 hours and topic four. So, Wednesday ampersand 800 hours ampersand 1700 hours ampersand topic four. We will build and compile. So, we got our table over here. We will add a vertical line over here and h line and here h line. So, now let us create the first row days. So, the days is multi row. So, we will have to use a package called slash multi row use package multi row the number of rows are three the width of the row is specified explicitly or star means whatever the width is given in the tabular over here will be taken as the width and the text that is days. The next column is seminar. So, which is multi column the number of columns are three. So, we have to merge three columns the alignment and what we want to display. The next one is schedule and topic. Schedule is a multi column two multi columns and days. So, ampersand over here because days we have already created schedule slash multi column number of columns are two alignment is center and schedule here it was seminar. The next one is topic which is multi row slash multi row number of rows are two width is specified by star and topic. Finally, we have days we already have now we have begin end and topic this is quite lot of errors. So, okay I will not waste time to show you I will show you the table over here itself. So, multi row days multi column seminar C line is used. So, that we have a line from column number two to column number four. So, this is a line which is created by C line then you have multi column for schedule and a multi row for topic then you have begin and end C line two and three. So, between two and three column number two and column number three then you have a topic over here and then begin and end and then you have your normal column Monday 800 hours 1700 hours topic one A. So, if you notice topic one A and topic one B they are appearing on different lines. So, we have to write slash new line if you want to take a new line in a cell of a table. But this will work only if you have alignment as P if you have alignment as L R or C it does not work. So, if you want a new line you have to use the paragraph P and specify the width then again you have multi row for Tuesday 800 hours 1300 hours topic two and the table goes. So, now we will proceed with this one. So, many a times we have text and image together it is very difficult to manage text and images together. So, if you want a image on the left or on the right hand side and the image on the either of the two. So, you need to use wrap figure. So, begin wrap figure you specify the whether you want it on the right hand side or on the left hand side then you specify the width say for example right now if you see this image is having 0.4 of text width the text width is the width of the text which is there on the page. So, if I just increase to 0.7 just observe what happens over here. You see the text has wrapped up like this and the image is occupying 0.7 of the text width. Initial document class. So, that you specify the size of the font size. So, if I make it 12 the font size will increase. So, by default the font size is 10. So, even if you don't write it will take as 10. Any other doubt? Coming back to the figure. So, we will change it to 0.4 which was usual. So, you have begin wrap figure then you have just begin center to align the image F box. F box is to put a border around the image. So, if I delete the F box the border will vanish. You see now there is no border. Then you have a caption which is over here. Figure 1 poster entitled. If you write wrap figure if you write your include graphics within wrap figure or the normal figure that we use automatically figure numbers that is figure 1 is displayed. You have your it is of width is of 3 inches your my file is in files folder and then I have my paragraph. So, my paragraph is over here. Now, this paragraph also has some references if you notice 1, 6, 5, 3, 2 and 7. So, I will show you the bibliography file first. So, this is how my bibliography file looks like. So, I have articles. This is reference number 1 article. There are 6 articles and 1 miscellaneous because it is a website. So, the first is the key. This is the most important thing because this will be using antenna tech file to identify that this is the reference that you want to site. You have the author. So, this paper has so many authors your title in the journal in which it appeared the volume number pages here etc. There are many fields for every article or the style that you use. You can find them on wiki. The latex wiki book if you just search the latex wiki book it has lots of examples and it is illustrated quite well. So, this one has year author is Laura the title is year of Mooc. This was in this has appeared in New York Times and it was in 2014. So, let's see how I references are displayed. So, the authors the title, the journal volume number pages year. So, if you remember distant education was a key in our bibliography dot bib. So, here we want to say that Moocs are a recent and widely researched development in distance education. We want that this we have taken it from this particular article. So, we cite distance education. Similarly, year one and year two. For using bibliography you need to use a URL package. You have to use package URL and you have to specify the style of bibliography. Whether you want to sort it by author and you want to display 1234 or you want to sort it by author but you want to display alphabets and not the numbers. You don't want to sort it. You want to just appear as you have cited it in your document or the ACM style. So, the current style which we look over here is the ABBRV. The ABBRV is the ID and sorts by author. So, it's ID. The ID is appearing over here and it has been sorted by author. But if you notice we have seven references. Whereas over here in our document we have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The number 4 is missing. So, there might be cases where you don't want to cite it in your document but you have referred to it and you want to show it in the list of references that you put. So, there is a command called no site. So, no site and whatever the key that you want to give, if you put that it will appear without being cited it explicitly in your document. Let us change the style and make it alpha. So, how do you compile? So, you compile as PDF latex, your latex file. So, of course this compiles our latex file. But we have to even compile and build our bibliography file. So, you have to write bibtec and the latex file name. If you notice when I press tab the eux file is automatically written. So, you have to delete that 0, 3 and you have to compile the bib file. And then you have to again compile your latex file two times. So, I was actually compiling the wrong one. If you notice now the IDs are alphabetical wise, it is alphabets and even over here when you have cited it they are alphabets. So, when you click on it you go to your reference. So, now let's proceed to include programs. So, if you want to include your programs, the source code or you want to write something which should not be interpreted by latex. So, you write using listing package. So, you have to include use package listings and you have to write your code between begin LST listing and LST listing. So, whatever you write will appear in a format like this. Of course, you have to define the style of listing. So, if you just write your listing without the style it will appear just a black button courier font. So, these are the commands that I have written. So, you have to left margin, show strings, step number. So, you get 1, 2, 3, 4. You have to show number style in orange color. So, all those things you define your style of how your listing package should make it appear. Yes, they are there in the latex wiki book. I will also be uploading the sample files which I am covering right now. Yeah, you can use the same thing. You can use the same style. You have your keywords. So, over here you also have something if you want to include a file directly from your source code. So, directly including. So, here you specify the language and you specify C++. If it is Python, Java, all those things you can mention over here. So, a better way if you want to include a program directly from a file. So, it is it can be done in this way rather than just putting copy pasting the entire source code in the latex document. So, to include a pdf file we have include pdf pages. You specify dash means include all pages and you have you have to specify the path. You have to use a package called pdf pages. So, let's see right now if you see the header is there. This entire pdf I will show the pdf. This is how my pdf looks like. CS7 and 2 spring proof reading exercise. The entire thing appears here as it is. Now, what if you want to trim your document? So, if you remember this is actually a reentry article which was composed on A3 page and it was in three columns. So, how does it appear like this? So, we had actually trimmed it by including the pdf. So, if you see I just commented this one and I am uncommenting the next line. Now, you see is only paragraph number 1. So, you have include all pages. You say clip is equal to true and you say trim. Trim left, bottom, right and top. So, let's trim more from the top. So, ATMM has been reduced from the top. It's trimmed from the top. So, I will revert back to the original one and this is how it appears. We will now move to plotting bar charts and graphs. So, you use ti kz picture for this. So, there is a package called ti kz pdf plots. You can do many many things with this. So, if you browse for ti kz on the Google it will give you ready made examples which you can take and you can start creating your own. So, here you have with height minimum x is 0, x max is 10, the tick is 1 2 3 4. So, 0 1 2 10. Similarly, y minimum, y max and y tick. Then you have add plot. Add plot is to plot the bar chart. So, you want a bar with 0.1 inch, the thickness of the chart the lines. Then you want to fill it with red. You want to draw black line and of course the coordinates. Now coming to the graph. So, similarly x min, x max, y min, y max, the tick marks, grids because so you want grids on the you want horizontal grids or vertical grids. So, you specify that I want to both. The y label x is equal y is equal to x square and label x over here and the coordinates. Now this the bar chart and the graphs appear side by side. So, that is done using multi-calls package. So, I am saying begin multi-calls number of columns 2 and that is it. So, automatically it will put this side by side. Any doubts or anything that you want me to cover. So, I will now distribute 3 things. One is this A3 sheet which is a latex cheat sheet. It is created in latex. It is back to back. All you need to do for latex is just to see this latex cheat sheet and you do not need anything else. Then there are 2 things. One is a paper like this where you have to write latex commands. This is just a simple text file. You have to produce the output like this. So, I am distributing both. So, this was a paper written by Professor Fatak. So, we need to create the output like this and this is a text file which is supplied to you. You need to write the initial document header, the margins, everything over here. Then maybe you can start writing your latex commands. You can write the command to create this particular table. There is a space for image over here. So, you need to put this image here and this text should appear over here. You can refer to the cheat sheet which is also given in case you do not know a command or anything that is ok. So, your left and right margins are 1 inch. The top and bottom is 0.8 inch and the image is 2.8 inches. So, this you may require for defining. So, on this file you need to write your commands. The output is shown. This paper you will be taking it back home. So, you do not worry. Just write your commands on this file. You will write your packages. You will define your margins. You will write sections, sub-sections. You can create on this. You can take this paper back home and you can complete the exercise at home. But I want to cover the following over here. So, if you there is a link which is given over here in the cheat sheet. If you on page number 2 the last one. It is a wiki article. It is on latex. So, it covers everything in details. So, starting from introduction your document structure, the information, how your sections are divided. So, an abstract you have to write using begin abstract, whatever you want to write and end abstract. So, abstract is available in article, reports, but not in book and in IEEE run. IEEE run is just a class which is to which it is a like a it looks like a research paper. So, with 2 columns and that kind of formatting. Similarly, part is available in article, report, book, but not in IEEE run. Chapter, sections, sub-sections and so on. So, you can write section numbering, creating table of contents, the depth of table of contents. So, by default the depth of the contents which is displayed in the table of content is 4. So, if you want to change that you can use you can do using set counter, TOC depth and 5. So, if you just browse through this article you will get the information that you want. So, header and footers. So, over here we have our header as ICT IEEE 2014. So, if you want to have your custom header and footers. So, you have to use a package called fancy header, your page style should be fancy and then you define your left header, center header, right header, left footer, center footer and right footer. And if you want to insert something like page 1 of 4. So, these are fields. So, how you write? So, the page denotes the current page number. So, you write PAGE slash the page and then you want to know the number of pages, total pages. So, that is using a package called use package last page and you just write slash page left last page. Then you have numbering style, the way the numbers are displayed. So, in a book normally the table of contents and others are in romance and the others are Arabic that is 1, 2, 3, 4. So, you need to define your page numbering style as that. You can set your page number. So, from this page I want my page number to be 100. So, you can do using set counter page and you specify the number. You can orient your document landscape. Then you have multi calls which we saw. You have column spacing. So, you want some spacing between your two columns. So, that you can do using multi call package. Any doubt? Feel free to ask. Then you have your footnotes. So, sometimes you have something like you have your text. This is your normal page. You have a text over here and then near the footer. Just before your footer you have 1, 2, 3 and you write something. So, that is using footnotes. So, you define that over here. So, text and you write something in the footnote that will appear in the bottom. Widows and orphans. So, there are certain words. Sometimes it happens that you are just one word or one line appears on the next page and not on the previous page along with the paragraph. So, you can control that using video penalty and club penalty. So, the default value is 150. Mostly latex will not let this happen. So, you need not worry about it. Then you have text formatting. Ok. The more important thing when you write in latex when we have something like these are my quotation marks. So, you write something like this. So, in word or anything if you just write using your double quotes starting it will not display properly in latex. So, you have to use the escape character. It is there on the left hand side of your keyboard. You have to use this as the starting point and ending you can you have to use single quote. So, then it will appear like this in latex. This is one point that you need to remember. Then you have text dash. So, if you just put a dash it is a very small sign which is not proper. So, if you want to write served from 1991 to 2002 you notice this is a normal a proper dash. So, if you want to generate a dash like this you have to write text n dash. n dash is a width of the letter n. So, that is why text n dash if you want a bigger line. So, for example you have some quote. So, something something something by Stephen King. So, you notice this dash is bigger than the dash over here. So, this is the m dash because it is the width of the letter m. You have your text attributes bold italic underline. You have your font size. So, tiny script font not size small. So, if you have 10, 11 or 12 in your document class which is specify the very first line. If you specify 12 points and in later in your document you want a large font. So, that will have 17.28 font size. You have colors and the text alignment left, right and center of a particular part. You have spacing. So, if you notice in this one just before the abstract there is a text. The invited paper is based on an earlier keynote. This has a spacing. So, that you can achieve using begin one and a half spacing double spacing. This is for spacing in title commands. Sometimes when you write you create a section or you write make title and you have there is lot of space between the actual document the document header and the section. So, that you can control using title spacing. You can go through this at your leisure. This is bullets itemized. This will be numbering 1, 2, 3, 4, A, B, C, D. This is a listing. So, the format that I have used I will put it up over here. So, this is a listing format. The format for C++ or you have your tables, multi columns, merge rows, long table. If your table spans more than one page, then the regular table will not appear. So, for that you need to use long table. When you have your table or environment, images, image size, if you want to crop image, you want to rotate an image. So, that you can specify using angle attribute, the border as we saw f box. You want to use as figures. If you want to wrap images, including PDF files, all pages, certain pages. So, over here if we see this includes page number one of the document, page number three, it inserts a blank page and then from page number five to page number 18. You have of course your page style commands, then the make title. So, whatever you write in title, author and that information will be displayed using the command make title or if you want to define your own title page. So, then you write begin title, end title and you write whatever you want within this. So, this will create a new page. Then you have hyperlinks, hyperriff, url, href, you have cross referencing, then you have bibliography, citing. So, this is still in editing mode. So, still some things need to be written. So, I will just quickly go through. So, if you see the title adopting MOOCs. So, this is written in title, then the author, text BF is for bold, Professor Fatter, then big skip, then your department, the url, the page style is fancy, left header is ICT, IWE, right head, center is page off, so and so pages, the bibliography, then your make title, the spacing. So, I have written begin spacing 1.5 for the spacing, section star abstract. So, if you see the abstract is created as a section which does not have a number. So, if you want your some certain sections which should not be numbered. So, then you can write slash section star and what you want to write. So, our new command array stretch, this is just to elongate the table. So, if you delete this command, if you do not put this command, then the table is very small, it does not look that good. So, if you want to elongate a bit, then you can write array stretch. I think I have exceeded. So, there is a submission link on model. So, that cheat sheet is uploaded on model along with the source code. The sample cover the tables and the bar charts, those are also uploaded on model. What you need to do is, you need to create a document like this and upload the bibliography, the PDF file and the tech file. So, the g-added file is uploaded. So, you can take that copy paste and create a latex document similar to this one. You can take your time. So, the deadline as of now I have set is 13th. Is 13th fine to create this latex document? What would be? Okay. So, maybe what should be the deadline? 20th? 20th is fine. Okay. So, I will increase the deadline by 20th. Thank you so much.