 Well, good evening. I'm John Jackson, the coordinator for the college's evening lecture series And it's my pleasure to serve as master of ceremonies for this very special event Our guest speaker tonight is a highly accomplished naval officer aviator and record-setting astronaut Most of you have probably read her biography, so I'll save time by simply mentioning a few of her highlights Sunita Lynn Williams is the youngest of three children born to an Indian American father and a Slovenian American mother She grew up outside Boston, Massachusetts and graduated from the US Naval Academy in May of 1987 She earned her wings of gold as a Navy helicopter pilot in 1989 and logged more than 3,000 flight hours in more than 30 aircraft types Longing to fly higher and faster. She was selected as a NASA astronaut in 1998 Her first long duration space flight began in December 2006 when she flew aboard the space shuttle Discovery to the International Space Station During the 192 days of this mission. She conducted three spacewalks outside the station She next flew into space in July 2012 aboard a Russian Soyuz Space Launch spacecraft launching from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan During this expedition. She became commander of the International Space Station Only the second woman in history to achieve this feat She also completed four additional spacewalks bringing her total time outside the ISS to nearly 51 hours In November 2012 she returned to Earth in the Soyuz capsule bringing her cumulative flight record to over 321 days in orbit Looking ahead, Sunny will return to space aboard yet a third type of spacecraft the Boeing-built Starliner Which will launch from Kennedy Space Center in April of this year In addition to her many military decorations and awards I'd like to note that she received the Padma Bhushan Medal from the Republic of India The nation's third highest award for merit, which is very rarely given to non-Indian citizens I'd now like to turn the podium over to the 57th president of the Naval War College Very room will show Shana Chatfield to speak about her former classmate. Thank you professor Jackson Well, good evening. I am delighted to be here and I'd like to Just give a warm welcome to all of our attendees this evening our C&O Distinguished International Fellows our other flag and general officers in the audience today our deans our faculty our students and our staff and Our family members who have joined us this evening. Thank you so much for coming. I want to start by saying that in the summer of 1984 In about a hundred and five degree heat in Charleston, South Carolina. I met Sunita Pandya who was Really locked on I would have to say I was at Boston University as an NRO TC student and Sunny seemed to know everything about the Navy to me She seemed pretty far advanced And I thought wow I Hope I get to have as much knowledge about the Navy as she does and I hope that I'm gonna be as good an officer She will be I knew it then and Our paths intersected again at the first course of instruction at Navy Flight School and again, I Knew from the jump wings on her chest and the dive wings on her chest that this Incredibly gifted officer was going to go far and I wanted to be just like her She got winged ahead of me. She flew the H46, which I desperately wanted to fly and subsequently did get to fly and You know I was reminded of this being inspired and When we look around at the people we work with it's this kind of inspiration that keeps us in whether it's the small team aspect of being in service or in this profession of arms or Whether it's just encountering people who have such Capacity and We're inspired We recently had the command on of the Marine Corps on this stage But in the office call beforehand he was talking about Lieutenant Colonel Mann who is a Marine Corps officer and Who was now flying for NASA an astronaut and he said How do we remind people that she's a Marine like us and I said, oh you don't have to remind us? We know who our astronauts are. I said it's the kids. It's the kids in elementary school and middle school Who really need to be reminded that this path is open? Math is fun. Sunny studied math. I was a French major and Sunny Sunny studied math math and science are fun and Studying those subjects and being part of history and Doing things that become part of the human record on this planet are inspirational to us So it is just my distinct honor To welcome to the stage my friend captain retired Sunny Williams Good evening everyone Shufshana. Thank you. Sorry. I'm Admiral We've known each other for a long time. So I have this you know, I have a hard time Wow, she's an admiral holy crap like my husband is also a helicopter pilot went through flight school with us as well And I said look at show's house. It's amazing Honestly, it's just a pleasure to be here with everybody tonight We all have amazing careers. I got the pleasure to talk to a bunch of people over at the house Earlier today, and it's just amazing what you guys are doing what you're going through commands that you're going to take It's really really exciting. My path. Maybe it was just a little bit different. I was telling a story earlier when we were In the H46 frs the fleet replacement squadron getting ready to learn how to fly this this aircraft It was sort of interesting because at that point in time women were just being allowed in combat and one of our classmates Was I was pre-flighting the aircraft with my instructor and one of our classmates was sitting there I'm sorry she was pre-flighting with her instructor and they had a news crew there and I'm walking out to my aircraft to go do the same thing and I Hear her stop and say command at sea. That's what it's all about For the news crew and I was thinking to myself at that time. I was like I'm five years and out I don't really have a future in the Navy. I like what I'm doing. This is fun But I would like to have kids and have a family and go get out and I Recognized at that time. Wow. There is actually opportunities for women I didn't really really get it until I actually heard her and I didn't take it seriously at first But then I I thought about it later like wow, there's there's really opportunities. So my husband and I continue on and One thing led to another and I love being in the Navy. I love that career. I Stumbled upon I was mentioning earlier. I sort of stumbled upon this career as an astronaut I'll talk about it later. If you you all would like to hear about that, but it's just another branch It's something else that you can do. That's proof. That's a profession You know, it's just something else But what you guys are doing here at the War College is you what you're learning here the friendships You're making that connection is really what's going to take us all into the future that good relationship So I I'm very honored to be here with all of you first and foremost And secondly, I think I should talk about space, huh? Maybe a little bit. So I'll get on with that So what I wanted to talk about is what what we've been doing and where we're going because maybe that has not really been on Everybody's forefront here, but I'd love to share it with you and I love to hopefully make it seem like it's important to you As well. So we have a path a Plan a strategy of you might say about what we're doing This is what we I would call a blueprint For our exploration in science our exploration of the solar system Putting science at the forefront of it all why because it helps us as humanity For the United States, we'd like to be the leaders in space and I'll talk to that in a little bit But that is what we'd like to do. So it's a cool little diagram very spacey. I like it, right? It shows things that we've done and things that we would like to do going from your left to your right I will wanted to talk about a couple things in this diagram. Of course, we had the Hubble Space Telescope and we have James Webb's Space Telescope We have the International Space Station Which was Something that I thought could never happen sort of like when I was on that flight line a career in the Navy really Could the space station ever really happen? This is what I was told was going to happen when I got to NASA in 1998 This is mr. Potato Head does this thing really actually get put together. This is a crazy idea How could we put be putting all these modules together? How can we putting these solar rays on changing the way it looks as it's being built have people live in it while It's being built. I thought there's just no way. It's a nice dream. Maybe we'll try and do it It's a nice dream. Maybe we'll that's a good gives the space shuttle program good purpose We'll try and do these types of things now unbeknownst to me because I got there in 98 for about a decade beforehand There was a lot of work that was going on a lot of work to make those agreements those arrangements To come up with a reason why we should build the space station and the reason really that it got passed in Congress By one vote because we involved our Russian partners That's really why we had the International Space Station five agencies involved of course the NASA Rusk Cosmos ESA Canada and JAXA and we're all get together But it wasn't until we got the Russians on board that the the space station was approved So the beginning of the space station like I said was just to was just a couple modules put up in space One launched on a proton rocket and one from the space shuttle brought up node one Those two pieces were mated in space and the space station was born It wasn't until we got a solar array on top it from the very beginning of this that we actually launched the first crew They needed to have power and on that cruise first crew was Bill Shepard was going to be the commander of the space station Yuri Gazenko and Sergey Krikolov. I Don't know if you'll remember those names. It's not important, but I know them all. They're my friends And that's pretty cool. It's about relationships Bill Shepard is a seal any of those out there They're a pretty cool group of people, but Sergey Krikolov still works for Roscosmos and Yuri Gagarin I mean Yuri Gazenko had just retired from Roscos from GCTC the Gagarin Cosmetic Training Center So how else did we build this like I mentioned there's one thing about having an international partner You're working with an interpenetral partner You put maybe somebody in the critical path that causes potentially some headaches The Russians were in our critical path of building the space station We needed them to put their modules up before we could put all of all of ours up So some of our modules were waiting in the space station processing facility in Florida Waiting for shuttles to take them up waiting for the robot of the Canadian robotic arm to install them on the space station All that was get going on getting ready ready to go So that's actually how we built our portion the European portion and the Japanese portion with the Canadian arm and the American space shuttles taking up the pieces that were going up there. I didn't really believe it until I got to go I was on a space shuttle and end of 2006 There was a little delay there because of the Columbia Accident that happened in the beginning of 2003 so it took a little while for us to get the program back to really understand exactly what had happened to the shuttle Make sure we had fixed as much as we can make sure we knew how to inspect as well as we can to make sure all these shuttles Would come home safely We was a it was a promise to our astronaut core that we would get to the bottom of the of the Accident and make sure we would never have that happen again So I got to go up in 2006 it was in the middle of the construction of the space station The solar rays weren't nicely on the edge There was one on the top and one sort of on the side a little uneven actually the solar wind would blow us a little bit out of our normal configuration and we'd sort of turn so the The gyros had a pull us back and the Russian thrusters had to pull us back during that time frame because it wasn't evenly balanced Pretty pretty wild time frame But we kept going with this Knowing that at some point in time we were going to have to retire the space shuttle We only had so many flights that we were guaranteed for to make sure that the space station was built and our obligations to our International partners our friends we would uphold them with the shuttle flights So then in 2011 it took us like a decade to build the space station We it was the last flight of the space shuttle and we ended our major construction of the big pieces And it was complete for the most part. I say for the most part because I there's more to more to come We'll talk about that in a minute But we still had to go to the space station we had obligations to our partners to maintain this thing until at least 2020 and now pushing 2024 and possibly up to 2030 so we'll we'll see what happens But right now we have obligations from all our partners to stay up there until 2024 So how did we keep flying to the space station? Once again, we call on our partners right our Russian partners my second flight I got to go up with as met one of many others also who got to go up with the Russians on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft that launched out of Kazakhstan In a town called Baikonur, which has been historic the historic launch pad where Yuri Gagarin launched from and many many more But they fulfilled the obligation every six months taking people up to the International Space Station And that was a really fun flight because finally the space station was in its final config and everything was Configuration and everything was in line all the laboratories are up there. We had an American laboratory Destiny we had the Japanese laboratory. We had European laboratory. We had all sorts of science experiments happening We had commercial companies sending up science experiments. We had universities We had elementary schools and high schools all setting up science experiments that we were doing on the space station Not to mention we're testing out the materials. It's already been about ten years people have been living on the space station continuously since 2000 Halloween 2000 essentially on November 2nd they launched on Halloween And so we were like humans up there right smelling up the space station So we got to do all of our own cleaning our own fixing our own changing of everything up there And so things start to break things start to sort of get a little bit old And we have to go out and do spacewalks to fix the things we have all sorts of supplies that we the final shuttle took up On the outside of the space station and on the inside so we can maintain it for a number of years So at the end So even today sorry you want to just bring up the space station real quickly Why do I have two views? Can you tell one's from the front one's from the back? just wanted to Show you a little bit that a one on your left is the backside That's where all the Russian pieces are the one on the front is looking straight at us as though It's flying right at you if you look at the one the picture on the right The solar rays on the far right looks a little funny, right? There's a little extra solar rays. So in the last 15 years we have become a little bit smarter on technology solar ray technology So we're adding on now brand new solar rays to this to the existing solar rays that have the capacity Much greater than the huge ones that are out there. This is technology experiment as well as providing power to the International Space Station and just as we were getting ready to have Dinner over at Admiral Chatfield's house. They were just finishing up a spacewalk putting on another one of those extra solar rays Folks just finished this afternoon. So it's still ongoing I'm gonna bring you back to What our plan is right? So this guy is flying like we all know we saw how it was constructed We saw the partnerships that led to this construction There's more partnerships the next thing I would like to talk about is in the lower part of the screen is commercial crew So this next venture started somewhere when we knew that the space shuttle was ending We knew that we would we had this great partnership with the Russians But we also wanted to fulfill our obligation to fly Their cosmonauts as well as our astronauts up from US soil. So we started a program called commercial crew NASA's in the business of exploration We want to provide low-Earth orbit for folks that would like to take it up So we put out a contract for folks who wanted to make a spacecraft to go to low-Earth orbit Now remember I mentioned there was five agencies like countries or multiple countries that built the International Space Station Now I'm talking about industry. So in the United States there's a number of Companies that are interested in space at this time remember I talked about the solar and think about the technology that Went from the very beginning of the space station to now to make that solar is so much smaller think about how companies have advanced in engineering Manufacturing process as well as software that they can themselves go to space and I know you've probably heard of SpaceX I've know you've heard of Boeing. You've probably heard of Sierra Nevada. You've probably heard of Virgin Galactic Blue Origin a bunch of companies out there that now can take that technology in-house and make their own Rockets and own spacecraft and go to space. So when NASA ended up awarding Boeing and SpaceX the contract to take astronauts to space Somewhere around 2015 I'm you have to don't quote me on the dates and stuff like that exactly but I got involved in 2015 I think that's why it leaves an impression on me. I got involved around 2015 me and a couple other Folks in the office who had flown a couple times had a couple a little bit of experience some on Soyuz some on Space Shuttle We're part of what we call a cadre and we got together and we're able to go to both companies and see what they were doing NASA provided these companies only the requirements and they said you're on your own go ahead go build it Figure it out. We want to take people up and down at the International Space Station on a regular basis I'll give you the next thing is a little bit of a next slide as a video to show a little bit about some of the work That we had the privilege of doing We've had the opportunity To try on the suits to sit in the seats to interact with the displays the emergency egress systems for Any type of emergency egress from the pad? It's been pretty fun actually checking out all the hardware Because NASA has not done a flight test program for a spaceship since the Space Shuttle So you're talking late 70s early 80s the last time we we kind of did this as an agency So some of it is kind of relearning those techniques and those things that you need to make sure you're watching out for We'll be brushing up on all the long-duration spaceflight tasks that we've trained for over the years including Spacewalking and robotics and all the space station systems But then we're going to learn all about the new vehicle all about our suits How we're going to operate in that vehicle emergency procedures You're going to have kind of this hybrid if you will for these first flights where you're helping develop things And at the same time you're getting training We're going to be building what it is the crew member needs to know things that are really neat to me that are new is It's putting on a new space. You know putting your arms into it and actually getting to touch the screens You know just like you did as an operator as it when you're going into space So those skills that we honed in test pilot school and then later on as test pilots I think they're going to be put to use in flying these vehicles It's a new set of hardware and it's a new set of software So for all the folks that are following along throughout the world I really would like them to recognize that there's a huge team that makes this possible that when I get the Opportunity to board one of these spacecraft and fly into space that I will have been propped up by a team of engineers That made this happen. So engineers speak Math and science it's sort of fun. Do you believe me? Okay, just checking It is fun math is fun physics are fun You can use those principles to actually create a spacecraft to understand how a spacecraft works is using those principles that you learn in college in Advanced, you know engineering school and it's what companies do so the two that were awarded Like I mentioned already Boeing and SpaceX. I think everybody thought hey Boeing's got a long history in space travel They built a large a large part of the International Space Station They have other you know space and missile defense. They have all sorts of things that they're doing, you know, this is a sure bet This was a pretty genius on some on the part of the leadership at NASA But why don't we offer it to somebody else too just to see how they solve the problem again? Remember I mentioned that we gave them requirements We didn't tell them how to do it all we did was give them requirements said build us a spacecraft That will go back and forth to the International Space Station and the one that came out First across the finish line is this one right here Which is a Falcon 9 and a dragon sitting on top you probably all heard of SpaceX by now right there on their fifth crew up to the International Space Station the people I was talking about earlier one of them was on that crew and Nicole Mann is also the the commander of the spacecraft that went up there just recently crew five So this is their Falcon 9 the first flight with people demo to it was called Going up to the International Space Station You probably recognized two of the guys from that first video Bob, Benkin and Doug Hurley were the test pilots on that spacecraft But since then like I mentioned we're up to crew five. So it's pretty impressive. So demo to one two three four five Plus a couple others, which I'll talk about in a second, but in the meantime Boeing is was working on their spacecraft called the Starliner. It's the one that actually I'm scheduled to go fly on We've had some fits and starts with this spacecraft Boeing is a really great hardware company. This this spacecraft is solid It lands a little differently than then dragon dragon lands in the water And then a recovery ship comes and picks up the capsule Starliner will land on land so it has landing airbags I've seen two of them land one in person and one in the control center watching the second one land We had two unmanned flights of Starliner already before we do one with people dragon only had one Unmanned one the reason is we had a little bit of a problem with software on the first one and the spacecraft When it got to space didn't know where it was exactly. It thought it was a lot further in the mission The mission control team was able to interact with control with commands from Houston And was able to get the spacecraft in a safe orbit and then bring it back But it didn't complete its mission to go to the International Space Station Boeing recognized this and decided hey, we need to do a second test flight to prove to our Customer, which is NASA that we actually can do this have faith in the spacecraft And it's going to make it at the space station We had a pretty flawless flight this past May and that's opens door for people to now start flying this spacecraft Pretty amazing now software and automation is a is a new territory for the space industry I would say we sort of lead the way in a lot of things But there's a lot of trust that needs to be put into the software and automation I was talking we were talking earlier at a round table a little slightly about this and when is it when is it enough like When is it going to be okay where we can just sit back and let something drive for you or let something fly for you? After you've done enough testing enough regression testing enough testing on the software Maybe there's different ways you need to test the software to make sure if you're going to make a change It's not going to interrupt something else. This is a big deal for the industry Rockets are dangerous, so we have to make sure we get it right in spacecraft where that environment is a little dangerous We just have to make sure we get it right so knock on wood. Hopefully I'll see you in space in April. We're not done yet though next I quickly wanted to talk about space sex's journey and Hopefully the mission for for starliner as well There's a lot of people on the space station right here granted the space stations like the size of Like a 737, you know the whole tube you can push off one end and takes about 30 seconds to fly to the other end So it's it's it's big and roomy, but we'd like to take a picture all together. So in this picture. There's a space X crew Crew three as a matter of fact Kayla Baron who's a Navy Submariner is up upside down up top as a matter of fact Also a Soyuz crew. That's a crew of three and then there's another dragon crew Which are the guys in the middle there and that is a commercial company called axiom Axiom has customers that come to them and they take people up in space on This and they take them on a dragon spacecraft and they are taking them to the International Space Station. So axiom one Has one experienced astronaut, but now is a private astronaut the guy in the far right Mike Lopez, Allegrae He's a p3 pilot former pilot. Actually, I did my Did three space walks with him one of my missions earlier, but now he's a commercial astronaut taking up people who pay for the flight So this is what I was talking about commercialism in low-Earth orbit this that part where people are paying to go to space Is not what NASA's about NASA's about exploration We've opened the door for that commercialization of space for other companies to take that over which is pretty cool Axiom is actually going to put another module on top on the front of the space station For their flying and paying customers in the future as well So it's moving people when I was when I was flying with my shuttle flight. We had our first Paying customers go up on a Russian Soyuz and everybody was like oh, this is terrible These guys come to the space station, which was not meant for tourism and they're flying around They're making a mess of the place. We got to watch what they're doing blah blah blah And we didn't all take it seriously that was in like 2008 time frame and now we are sending spacecraft specifically with Tourists or paying customers who are going to do science up on the space station times have changed and they've changed quickly very very quickly So we'll go back again To my diagram because we have to keep going back to where we are right so we've talked about International space station. We've talked about commercial crew and the next thing on the line, of course is the moon So why of course are we going to the moon? All right, that's a that's a question a lot of people ask could it be economic could be political Why are we going to moon? Is it just because we are going to someplace cool and we want to put more people on the moon You know we've been to the moon before so some argued like oh, this is why we're doing it We've already done it. We went we landed we put boots there. We collected rocks. We came home Have we done it all? Well, not necessarily the moon is a cool place There's lots of things that we've learned Over these years since the Apollo program to make us want to go back to make us want to maybe find some ice To make us want to go and figure out how we would actually live and work there We've built this International Space Station. We've lived and work there So why can't we move live and work on someplace that has a little gravity? It seems like it's pretty doable actually at this juncture Maybe a little while ago it didn't seem like it was it was it was even achievable that we would actually go and live there But now it's getting to be that point where we actually can maybe do this There's a little difference if you notice these numbers here between the moon and Mars though, right? And if we just go straight to Mars That's far It's really far like like I don't know if we get home right right now So why don't we start close to home figure out how to go and live and work there figure out how to go and come back and make? Sure the next generation of space explorers will be safe when they get to Mars and then they could come back and I don't know do you all know that? Artemis is supposed to launch tonight you guys know that one in the morning is about two hour launch window last I read I didn't look at my email since we're at the house, but last I read it was all go So I think I think we might be going tonight unmanned, but we I think we're going to go We're going to the moon to explore and we're going to the moon for scientific discovery Our destiny is always to go and see what's further and what's next the moon is a stepping stone And the moon is a place we need to learn how to live so that we can continue to go beyond We are Focused we are focused on all that lies before us only together But we bring to life this global ambition of returning to the moon and while our work is far from finished We've never been closer to seeing a new generation step beyond our home planet We're building on the achievements of those who came before The Giants who conquered gravity and raised a banner in the heavens they back in us to go Farther to the moon and on tomorrows to seek a deeper understanding of our universe and bring all that we learn home The daily efforts of thousands of suppliers from all across this country and around the world Fed into stunning milestones and laid the groundwork for history launch team go Artemis has been woven into our culture. It is fostered collaboration across the aisles and across the ponds It is grown beyond plans and preparations to include hardware and software and now It has a heartbeat It is undeniable. We are going and together we will see Artemis like the way We are going to the moon to learn how to live on other planets for the benefit of all Let's go a little bit more in Words, you know the like I mentioned the moon is a natural stepping stone, right? So we got to go there figure it out and then we can go on a little further I quickly mentioned already about ice and water and water means potential life Not necessarily on the moon, but a sustainable life for us if we can use that water or find that water in the regular That's there. It's resources that we'll have when we get there So it's actually becoming like I mentioned a possibility We could all get there with Keeping like I mentioned them in the beginning science and the forefront So we to get there is one thing to do science is another thing and to live there and continually do science is Is a is a whole nother thing? So we're getting there. It's part of our strategic plan like I mentioned to hopefully Go to the moon and then go on from there So I quickly mentioned Artemis one Artemis one is Poised to go fly tonight Hopefully it does and it will go back to the moon's the first spacecraft to actually go back to the moon actually go farther than The Apollo program because it will be in an elliptical going in elliptical orbit around the moon and then eventually come back It's pretty exciting to actually see all that hardware which you saw in the video actually gets stacked up together I've seen it in pieces throughout the last couple years all of us have been part of the building of Orion in Whatever form or fashion the cockpit the displays the seats and then actually see pieces and parts all get put together And see it on the launch pad. It's pretty amazing. So that's bigger slightly bigger I think it's like one foot bigger than the Saturn 5 rocket so Lucky people who are down there are gonna go hopefully watch it I almost wanted to jump in it, but it doesn't have any environmental control system So they might be a little bit hard to breathe so that's not a good one for people quite yet, but it's going and then a couple years Later hopefully will launch Artemis 2 and this one will have people on it We'll have four people on it more than likely some of our international partners on board with it It will be like I mentioned the first flight of people on this spacecraft. It should happen in a couple years no earlier than 2024 And it will go again on an SLS space launch system rocket and to the moon It will not land on the moon it will go to the moon to the vicinity of the moon Then there's Artemis 3 which will go a couple of years later and hopefully put the first two people on the moon and Artemis This is a very complex Architecture, but it's out there. It's written down people are planning on it working on it Artemis 3 will need Not only an O SLS Orion spacecraft, but also an HLS Human landing system and this was also a contract two flights were awarded to SpaceX to build this lander Where we'll have two people that will come from Orion transfer over to and HLS and then go land on the moon So why I think we talked about a little bit about this earlier also Maybe the architecture will change this seems like a lot right seems like wow How are you going to do this? How are you gonna put all these rockets and pieces and parts and space and transfer and all this kind of stuff? It's not it's and that's not even it. We have another Thing called Gateway, which is on the horizon also building another space station in the vicinity of the moon That will have a lander on Gateway that will go up and down to the moon and back It seems super complicated to me. Does it seem complicated to you? Yeah, and it's confusing right, but there is it like I mentioned an architecture laid out there and stated that we're gonna do all these things and I was amazed when I started seeing SLS Artemis hardware put together I was amazed when I got to go to the rollout and see this huge rocket roll by it actually happens Again, I was amazed when the International Space Station really got all put together. I was amazed when I flew down to Boca Chica, you know where that is south Texas Brownsville, and there's a bunch of these starship mock-ups test articles all lined up and a Huge building with the where the booster is that they just tested yesterday if anybody's following SpaceX 14 Raptor engines all lit 10 seconds It seems impossible but it's happening and then I Think somebody else may a couple people in this audience might be able to live potentially on the moon and Then tell your kids how to go to Mars. So this is going to happen eventually. We're getting there We're working not only on all these rockets and spacecraft But what these people are wearing all of the spacesuit work is also going on Contracts to space suit companies a bunch of them two contracts were awarded for space suits for space Walking suits moon walking suits. It's all happening. I've been in the prototype space suit When we just started doing this again to actually walk around bend down and you'll stand up It's it's hard to do in a very heavy suit, but we started to put all that in motion. It's all happening So What's the bottom line? Everything is possible. Just got to believe in it Thank you Well, I really appreciate Sunny Arranging to have that rocket launch tonight in conjunction with this event There was a lot of scheduling it went into that and whatnot Before we go to questions. Amy. Would you bring your daughter up on stage? And when you talk about the next generation and whatnot This is who we're talking about and I think she's just an absolute marvelous example And I think a good picture with with sunny you got it Thank you couple last comments first sunny is invited us all to a Artemis watch party in her hotel room This evening so you'll have to get the information from her as to where she stayed Second after we finish here Sunny's gonna go out in the lobby if you got an opportunity to Meet with her and take some photos and whatnot on your way out you will find an array of small space capsules something which is known as Astronaut blue squishies. We've got 400 of those and we got stickers for her Her or a flight coming up. So please help yourself as you exit this this evening and to wrap things up I'd like to invite Admiral Chatfield to boldly go where everyone has gone before Yes, so Dear attendees Isn't it amazing to hear the story of Exploration we often are just caught up in our war college world of thinking about space as part of all domain warfare but this aspect of space this exploration is the development of Evolution of thinking about How we exist and how we can move forward I think about these technologies which were so carefully held by governments Space is one of these technologies and how this has evolved to be a business and to move faster and We're in a world in which these technologies are accelerating and the impacts on us Are quite profound Being able to absorb this change is Part of our human experience and so thank you for being an interpreter for us about what it means To be able to live and work So far from home as a human and what we're learning about that Dear guests Please join me in a round of applause Okay, we're gonna take one more picture captain. Can you bring your daughter up and I don't know if we have any more younger generation here, but I think maybe Getting a photo here with this backdrop will be So one of the real old guys get to get up there, I don't know Okay, we're gonna The Admiral and Sonny are gonna sneak out through the green room and whatnot so we don't get trapped up here But she'll be moving around to the backside near the Iwo Jima Memorial and we'll do some photos there So thank you very much for coming