 The paper discusses the importance of cross-cultural adaptation of research instruments before they are used in new settings. The process involves investigating conceptual and item equivalents, conducting forward and back translations, protesting, and adjusting accordingly. The paper uses an attitudinal instrument as an example and highlights the failure of the original scale in confirmatory analysis. Instead, a new two-factor scale was identified and found valid in the new setting. The paper emphasises the importance of ensuring that concepts within an instrument are equal between the original and target language, time, and context. It also highlights the potential misleading nature of findings if the described stages in the cross-cultural adaptation process are omitted. This article was authored by Capelhorn John R.M., Dheersing Lin, and Clausen Thomas. We are article.tv. Links in the description below.