 Hello everyone, myself, Professor Prithish Chittay, working as an assistant professor in mechanical engineering department in Wolchen-Stock technology solopour. So, welcome to the third session regarding the milling machine. So, what we are discussing today? We are discussing today the methods of milling. This is regarding the course, manufacturing technology. So, before starting the session, so what are the learning outcomes? So, students will be able to explain the different methods of milling. These are the content. First, we will see what we have learned in the last session. After that, that consists of the milling attachments. And today, we will discuss the methods of milling. So, in the last session, what we have discussed? We will have the quick recap of the last session. We have discussed the vertical milling machine. So, there are the two cases in the vertical milling machine that is with the fixed head. Yes, so it consists of for example, a column. After that, there is a base on which the screw jack and the different service assembly that is supported with the help of the base. The service assembly like the knee, the screw jack, the saddle, the work table and the work piece that is mounted on the base. After that, the milling cutter that is mounted on the spindle which is also called as the arbor and the spindle is attached to the fixed head. Now, here the work piece can be having the horizontal direction movement with the help of saddle and also suppose you want to take the work piece in the upward direction or maybe the to the downward direction with the help of knee, with the help of the guardways you can provide the upward or maybe the downward direction with the help of screw jack. So, whenever the milling cutter will have the relative movement to the work piece, the milling cutter will have the contact with the work piece as there will be the cheaper mill process. There is another case which is called as vertical milling machine with the help of swivelling head. The difference between the first case here you can have the angular cut with the help of the swivelling head to the spindle or maybe the milling cutter. For example, you want to take the angular cuts with the help of the fixed head with the vertical milling machine that is not possible because that is fixed. But here you can swivel, you can rotate this particular head that is called a spindle head with the help of gradation. Suppose, you want to provide maybe the 15 degree angle to the spindle or maybe the milling cutter, yes you can provide here with the help of swivelling head, yes you can rotate this particular part just a minute. After that, so whenever the spindle is having the angle like this maybe, so in that case you can have the angular cuts. So, similarly how you can have maybe the vertical movement to the work piece or to the horizontal movement to the work piece with the help of saddle you can provide the horizontal movement to the work piece and with the help of the knee and the screw jack you can have the vertical movement to the work piece or the work table or maybe the work. And this knee is can be moving in the vertical direction with the help of the guard base which is attached to the column. So, this is regarding the vertical milling machine with swivelling head. Now, these are the milling attachments the first one that is Arbor, always we are saying that the milling cutter is fixed or that is mounted on the arbor. So, how it will look like, how it is look like? So, maybe the arbor or it is also called as adapter, here the cutting tool or the milling cutter for example, the end mill cutter that can be fixed in this hole, yes this is the tapered hole. After that this particular portion that can be fixed in the spindle head, yes and suppose you want to maybe you want to plug in maybe the milling cutter inside this particular hole, yes you can rotate this particular as we can call as the engaging dock, yes that can be fixed. One more thing there is a arbor with the help of which you can mount the different types of cutting tools or maybe the milling cutters, yes there are different types of collars, suppose there are the 3 to 4 collars means you can attach you can mount different types of milling cutters at a time, so that you can have the maybe the gang milling operation different milling operations at one time. There is another milling attachment that is called as the vice, there are the two types of vise, plane vise and the swivelling vise, first we will discuss the plane vise, yes there is a handle, this is the screwed spindle, this is the movable jaw, this is the fixed jaw, this will be the fixed, this is stationary and this jaw can be moving in the horizontal direction to the right side or to maybe the left side. These are the hardened jaw plates, in this space the workpiece can be placed, yes whenever you want to fix the job inside these two jaws, yes you can rotate this handle, but here you cannot provide the rotation to the workpiece, yes that is stationary the plane, the the vise is the stationary, but suppose you want to provide, you want to provide the angle or you want to provide the rotation to the workpiece, yes there is a swivelling vise. The this particular vise or the sub assembly that can be fixed on the base and the the graduated plate that can be placed here, yes you can see here, now there is a fixed jaw here, there is a movable jaw, there is a handle, yes that can be rotated here with the help of hand manually and you can have the workpiece between the fixed jaw and the movable jaw with the help of handle, but suppose you want to rotate this particular sub assembly that is a vise, yes with the help of this swivelling plate you can rotate with the help of graduated plate, means suppose you want to take the 15 degree angle, you want to rotate this particular vise in the 15 degree, yes with the help of this graduated plate, yes you can provide the angle that is mounted on the base and this particular vise that is fixed to the base with the help of clamping bolt, with the help of clamping bolt. So, this is one of the milling attachment that is the plane vise and the swivelling vise. Now in today's session, we are discussing methods of milling. The first method that is called as up milling that is also called as conventional milling and the second one which is called as down milling, which is called as down milling and which is called as climb milling, yes I will repeat again. The first method of milling which is called as up milling that is conventional type of milling, but another type of milling which is called as down milling or that is also called as climb milling. So, first we will discuss up milling. Here how to differentiate, how to differentiate the up milling and the down milling? First we will discuss the up milling. Here you can see the movement of the cutting tool or the milling cutter and the feed of the work piece. Both are in the opposite direction means we can say that in case of up milling, the movement of the milling cutter that will be opposite of the feed of the work piece. Here for example, just I will use the pointer here. Here you can see the milling cutter is moving in the clockwise direction, but the feed that can be provided to the work piece or the work table that is opposite to the movement or the rotation of the milling cutter. So, what will happen? So, initially the chip formation process that will be less and at the end point, suppose this is the point A, this is the point A and at the end point that is the point B, at the end point of the B, the chip removal process that will be at the maximum. So, in case of up milling at the initial point A, the chip removal process that will be 0 and it will be increasing to the point B and the chip formation that will be maximum at the point B. Yes, you can see here because whenever the milling cutter will be having the contact to the point A that will be the starting point that will be 0 and it will be increasing whenever it will be touching to the work piece and at the point B that will be the maximum that will be the maximum chip formation process. So, this is up milling. So, what will be the case of down milling or that is also called as climb milling? Now, here how the milling cutter is rotating and how the feed for the work piece is provided? Yes, both are in same direction. Yes, you can see here, first of all the milling cutter is rotating in the clockwise direction, after that the work piece is also having the movement in similar direction. Work piece is moving in the similar direction. For example, suppose this is the milling cutter that is rotating like this. Yes, and also your work piece is also rotating in this direction means what we can say the milling cutter that is rotating in the same direction and your work piece will be moving in the same direction. So, the milling cutter rotation and the feed movement of the work piece that will be same, that is the case of the down milling or the we can also called as climb milling. How the chip formation analysis will be takes place in the down milling? Initially, at the initial stage only for example, this is my point A, you can see the chip formation process that will be maximum at the point A, that will be maximum at the point A and at the end point for example, this is my point B, this is my point B, it will be minimum that will be 0 at the end point. So, what we can say in the down milling, whenever there will be the relative movement between the milling cutter and the work piece at the initial stage that is at the starting point that is at the point A, that will be maximum, the chip formation process will be maximum, but at the end point that is at the point B, that is the end point that is the last point of the touching point of the milling cutter to the work piece that will be 0, that will be minimum. So, this is the difference between the up milling and the down milling. So, what are the methods of milling that we have discussed already, just think about this question, these are the references. Thank you.