 Supriya Pasnoor, working as an assistant professor in civil department from Malchan Institute of Technology, Sulapur. Today's class, we are going to discuss the building bylaws. These are the learning outcomes. At the end of this session, students will be able to impart the knowledge and apply the principles of various bylaws of the building. Bylaws. Actually, the construction of any building, certain restrictions are led by the municipal bodies, the urban development authorities and the other government departments as the town planning trusts to clear the open spaces which should be left around the building. Here you can pause the video for 2 minutes and try to give the answer for this. What are the objectives of the building bylaws? This is the answer for that. It allows the disciplined and the systematic growth of the buildings and the towns and it prevents the upazard development. It protects the safety of the public against the fire, the noise, the health hazards and the structural failure. It provides the proper utilization of the space, hence maximum efficiency in the planning can be derived from these bylaws. They give guidelines to the architect or an engineer in effective planning and useful in the pre-planning the building activities. They also provide the health, the safety and the comfort to the people who live in the building. These are the bylaws for the different buildings. These are the points which should be considered. The line of the building frontage, second we have the open spaces around the residential buildings. Next we have the minimum standard dimensions of the building elements. Next the provisions for the lighting and the ventilation, provision for the safety from the fire and explosion, provision for the means of the access, requirements for the green belt and the landscaping, sizes of the structural elements. Next the special requirements for low income group housing, the provision for the drainage and the sanitation, provision for the safety of the works against the accidents, the hazards, requirements for the Hofstrait parking space. These are the bylaws which should be considered. So out of that I will just give an idea of some of the points like means of the access. Access it is an approach to a building or a plot. So every building or a plot it should be given an access whether it may be a public or a private access. So there are from the street or the road. So the width of the mean of the access it is defined on the length of the mean of the access. For the residential plots following width of the roads are defined on the width of the mean of the access according to the width of the mean of the access. So if we have a width of the mean of the access as 6 meters so in that case the length of the access provided will be 75 meters. And if the width of the mean access is 7.5 so over there the length will be provided as 150 meters. If the width is 9 meter the length will be 250 meters. Here you can see that if the width is 12 meters the length will be 400 meters. If the width is 18 meters it is 1000 meters length. And for a 20 meter width of the mean access you can see that the length will be above 1000 meters. Next we have also the pathway. Pathway the internal the approach to a building or a plot from the internal mean of the access internal mean of the access shall be provided from the pathway. So the width of the pathway it should not be less than 1.5 meters. These are the requirements of the plots in which we have the size of the plots. So type of the residential building it will be depending upon the type of the buildings. And this is the plot size and the frontage how much it should be left. So for a detached building the plot size will be above 250 meters square and the frontage will be 12 meters. And if you have the semi detached building the plot size will be 125 meter square to 250 meter square. Frontage will be 8 to 12 meters. For a row house the plot size will be around 50 to 125 meter square over there the frontage will be 4.5 to 8 meters. So this is a setback which is a setback is nothing but the distance which will be left around the building. For a building height above 14 meters you have the height of the building and the minimum requirement setback that is the side and the rear margin and the setback from the road front. So if you have the height of the building above 14 meters and up to 25 24 meters you have the side margin to be left as h by 2 minus 4. It will be minimum 3 meters and the setback from the road front will be 6 meters. If you have the height above 24 meters and up to 37.5 meter in that case the side and the rear margin will be h by 3 and the setback from the road will be 9 meters. And for a height above 37.5 meter in that case the side margin will be h by 3 and the setback will be 12 meters are the requirements of the buildings. So the open space around the building in that we have the exterior open space up to 10 meter height of the building the front open space. So the front open space which we have for the 1.5 meter open space the width of the street fronting the plot will be 7.5 and if the front open space is 3 meters in that case you have the width of the street as 7.5 to 18 meters and if the front open space is 4.5 meter in that case the width of the street will be 18 to 30 meters and for 6 meter it will be width will be above 30 meters. Every room or a unit intended for the human human habitation shall have an interior or a exterior open space may be it may be a veranda also. So likewise you have the space which should be left so accordingly we have the height side and the rear margins which should be left around the building. So if a height of a building is 10 meters in that case the side margin and the rear margin will be 3 meters which should be open space to be left around the building. So likewise we have the height we have the table for the height of the building and the side and the rear margin to be left around the building. So even the parking space we have some of the limitations as what space to be left. The space to be left for the Hof Street parking are as follows. For a car the minimum parking space to be left is 3 meter by 6 meter when the individual parking is required and 2.5 by 5 meter when the common parking is required. That means when the parking it may be a public space where number of cars may be packed. Number of cars may be parked in that case the space will be limited so in that case you can go for the 2.5 by 5 meter space and for the scooters motorcycles the area should not be less than 1.25 meter square and for bicycle it may be 1 meter square for area of each individual car space inclusive of the circulation. It is 23 meter square for the open parking, 28 meter square for the ground floor covered parking and 32 meter square for the basement. Likewise we have the parking space which should be available. These are the references which I have referred thank you.