 This study found that there is a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease, CVD, among middle-aged and elderly adults in China. Specifically, depressive symptoms at one point in time can predict future incidents of CVD, while CVD can also predict future incidents of depressive symptoms. This suggests that both depressive symptoms and CVD should be taken into consideration when assessing the health of this population. This article was authored by Zhong Ziwei, Yu Minghua, and Aping Liu.