 Polymer aerogel is a type of aerogel made from polymer materials such as silica, polyurethane, polystyrene, and polyethylene. It is characterized by its high surface area, low density, and low thermal conductivity. The material can be used for applications such as energy storage, adsorption, thermal insulation, and fire retardancy. This review discusses the latest advances in the preparation, structure, and properties of polymer aerogels, as well as their potential applications. Technical challenges and future research directions are also discussed. This article was authored by Lizingswa, Yufeng Zhang, Longsheng Zhang, and others.