 Okay, then. Hi, everybody. Let's get started. My name is Matthew Wright from IID and welcome to this event on how least developed countries are proactively working at national level to put the goals of the Paris Agreement into practice, focusing on their experiences of the implications of the new transparency framework for LDC practitioners. But now I'd like to hand over to today's moderator, which is Fernanda Alcove. Thank you, Matthew. And thank you all of you for joining us today. My name is Fernanda Alcove. I'm a researcher in the climate change group here at the International Institute for Environmental Development. And as part of the global climate law policy and governance team, I support the least developed countries in implementing the transparency framework established under the United Nations Climate Change Convention. And I also support the least developed countries group in the UN climate negotiations on transparency related issues. I'm very delighted to welcome you all today to this session where we'll be exploring and discussing what means the new Paris Agreement transparency framework for the least developed countries. We know that the Paris Agreement establishes a new reporting framework common to all countries and it's to track progress towards achieving their global emission reduction commitments. The new transparency framework is also crucial to increase ambition and encourage the climate action needed to limit warming to 1.5 degrees. But on the other hand, it also brings new requirements and challenges, especially for the most vulnerable countries. On the experience of implementing the current transparency arrangements, today's event aims at increasing understanding of the implications of this new framework for the least developed countries. We will start today our discussion with an overview from the Climate Change Convention Secretariat of the new reporting requirements and the insights they have gained during the implementation of the current transparency arrangements. Followed by the views of LDC's national expert from Malawi, Liberia and Sudan who are working on their countries reporting processes. In order to avoid potential connectivity problems that we know there and to assure that we can all enjoy and learn from the national expert experiences they have kindly recorded their presentation so I would really like to thank you all. All of them for having done that extra effort to support this webinar. So having said that, I would like to introduce our first panelist, Shuhon Wang. Thank you Shuhon for being here with us today. Shuhon is the team lead of the International Consultation and Analysis Support Unit at the Transparency Division of the UNFCC Secretariat. She was part of the core team of the Secretariat supporting the negotiations on the enhanced transparency framework and the Departments Agreement, and on the Kato Wicheya rulebook on the ETF. Currently her work is focused on supporting the implementation of transparency and monitoring reporting and verification arrangements by developing country parties including capacity building activities in these countries. So over to you Shuhon. Thank you Fernanda for the introduction. So I'll first show my screen, share my screen. So dear colleagues, good morning, good afternoon, and good evening. So it's a great pleasure for me to attend this very important event. At the outset, I would like to thank LDCs for their great support and inputs to the UNFCCC process and to congratulate them for actively participating in the existing transparency framework under the convention. Out of 47 LDCs, so far, seven have already submitted their first annual report under the convention. So the first element I would like to cover today is to map the key difference between the existing and future transparency arrangements. So under the existing measurement reporting and verification, the so-called MRV arrangements, developing countries submit national communications every four years, and their annual update reports every two years. And these reports cover their climate action and support needed, including GHC inventories. So the BURs then will go through the international consultation and analysis process, we call this ICA process, and this is a two-step process. Firstly, technical analysis of the BURs. Second step is the multilateral process. It's like a peer exchange workshop under the SBI. So the current MRV package also includes Red Plus process. Those countries seeking to obtain and receive payments for their Red Plus results-based actions will need to provide a report as a technical annex within the BURs. So looking at the new enhanced transparency framework under the Paris Agreement, we can see that structurally they are similar to the existing MRV framework. So this starts with reporting with the submission of BTR, new BANU transparency report, and then this report will be reviewed by technical expert teams and then go through a multilateral process to consider the progress. However, the new enhanced transparency framework introduces enhanced reporting in terms of the scope and the level of details, including more advanced methodologies in reporting the information. For instance, the tracking progress of NDCs is a new element, and then the use of 2006 IPCC guidelines compared to the use of 1996 IPCC guidelines. And these changes imply that countries will need more robust institutional arrangements and higher degree of capacities. It's important to note that countries can provide information on adaptation and loss and damage in the new BANU transparency report, and this element is really key to LDCs. So looking at the timeline, the first BANU transparency report under the Paris Agreement will be submitted no later than the end of 2024, and then this will replace the current BANU update reports under the convention. And recognizing that countries have different starting points and varying degree of capacities, the ETF has built in flexibility to facilitate improved reporting over time. Due to their special circumstances, LDCs and Cs may submit BTR at their discretion. So now the second element I would like to cover in this presentation is to share with you the challenges faced by LDCs in implementing the existing transparency arrangements. There are two main challenges. The first one is the lack of well-established and sustainable institutional arrangements for reporting. In many cases, preparation of these reports are project-based, very often prepared by consultants, and this could increase the workload to collect and analyze data each time when reporting has to be done. The second key challenge is the lack of clear understanding of different reporting requirements and their possible linkages. In this regard, I'm happy to let you know that the secretariat is making constant efforts to assist parties. For example, the LDC expert group with the support of the secretariat is developing a training for LDCs on the Paris Agreement. The objective of the training is to support LDCs on how to efficiently and effectively navigate the many reporting elements of the Paris Agreement. We expect to roll this out from September and it will be an online course. The third element I would like to cover today is the briefly talk about the benefits of the reporting process. As you can see, there are many, many benefits, but here I think I would like to just emphasize three. The first one is the reporting actually of the data and information generated through the reporting process could really facilitate policymaking at the national level. The second key benefit is various reports provide solid evidence for specific gaps and needs of the parties of the countries, which in turn informs more targeted support provided to these countries. For example, the NAP is the main reference for accessing support, especially the funding from GCF. The third key element is this reporting process really is a trigger to help the establishment with a domestic system, institutional arrangements. So in the longer term, it helps build the internal capacity of the countries to adapt to this constant reporting in the future. The last element finally I would like to mention that what LDCs can do actually during this transition period. So as mentioned earlier, the ICA process, international consultation process for developing countries under the convention is the existing MRV. And so far we have seven LDCs already submitted their reports. And then these reports will be analyzed by a team of technical experts and that process itself is a capacity building process for countries. So as the new ETF enhanced transparency framework builds on the existing transparency arrangements under the convention, we can see that the ICA process, so we really encourage all developing countries to participate in at least one round of the ICA process just to gain experience before the ETF becomes operational in 2024. So the existing MRV process provide an essential learning opportunity for countries in the following main aspects. First, it helps countries to better understand the reporting requirements and improve the clarity of information reported. Secondly, the technical experts will help countries to identify the capacity building needs and areas for improvement. And lastly, the existing process will facilitate mutual learning among parties by sharing best practices and build trust. So finally, if you're interested, you will find more information here in this new publication. It was recently published just last month, so it contains really the most updated information. And then also included relevant websites on the reporting and also various reporting adaptation. So thank you, thank you for your attention. Thank you for this comprehensive presentation that sets us the scene for the next presentations on reporting experiences from the countries' perspectives. So and to all our audience, please feel free to share with us your questions for Suhan in the Q&A box that is at the bottom of the screen. So now our next speaker, our next speaker is Rehad Ahmed Hassan, who is going to present the reporting experience of Sudan. Rehab is the coordinator for Sudan's national communication and member of the higher environmental and natural resources. As the rest of the country specialists, Rehab has an extensive experience in the UNFQQC reporting process. Unfortunately due to some technical difficulties Rehab could not join us via the Zoom platform today, but she will be answering your questions in written and you will be sharing answers with you during the Q&A session. So to help us coordinate these, I do encourage you to submit your questions to Rehab as soon as you can. So now we are going to listen to Rehab's presentation. Good morning to you all. Let me at the outset express my gratitude to the IIMD for offering me this opportunity to share with you Sudan's experience in reporting under the UNFQQC and Paris Agreement. Well, Sudan participated in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, which is also known as the U.S. Summit in 1992 and was among the first countries that signed the UNFQC in 1992 and ratified it in 1994. Sudan had also signed Kyoto Protocol in 1997. We had also signed the newly adopted Paris Agreement in 2016. Sudan is active member in the UNFQC negotiation process and had members in different constituted bodies and committees under the UNFQC, IPCC and Paris Agreement like the WIM, the LEG, the CGE and IPCC-CBO as well. Sudan is very committed towards the compliance with the UNFQC. In 1995, we received the fund from the Global Environmental Facility, the Jeff, to start preparing our first national communication. And hence the national communications is an enabling activity. It was prepared in a highly participatory approach. So we intended to involve as much as experts we can in this process. So more than 300 national experts representing 50 related institutions had participated in the preparation of the first and second national communication as well. First national communication was submitted in 2003 and the second national communication in 2013. We had started preparing our third national communication in 2016. And the first Biennial Update Report in 2019, the last year we started, and is expected to be submitted together to the UNFQC secretariat in 2021 after the government endorsement. Okay. In terms of reporting under the UNFQC, as I said in my previous slide, the first and second national communications were prepared and submitted in 2003 and 2013 respectively. Then we prepared our national adaptation program of action, the NAPA, in 2007 and was followed by preparation of national adaptation plan, the NAPA, in 2013. We were also among the 30 various countries who had prepared the technology needs assessment, the TNE, for both adaptation and mitigation, and it included also the technology action plan and project ideas as well. We submitted the TNE in 2013. The national appropriate mitigation action, the NAPA, was also prepared and submitted in 2013. We had also prepared our intended national retirement contributions, the INDCs, in 2015. And currently, reporting of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, the red plus activities, are also going on as one of the reporting under the UNFQC. So the national communications reports are considered, if I may say, a multi-faceted report. It's not only about the compliance to the UNFQC, but also one of the most important tools for bringing the climate change on sense to the attention of policymakers at the national level. It also considered as a library for providing a wealth of information for scientists and researchers and for academic purposes as well because this is the only document that you can find information regarding the greenhouse gas emissions from different sectors in the country. You can also find the mitigation options and strategies for these on how to reduce these emissions from different sectors. So it's a multi-purpose document. Of course, we encountered a lot of gaps and challenges in preparing our Ferris and second and also third national communication. For example, the lack of some activity data, especially needed to conduct the G3G inventory, accompanied with the difficulties in using of the 2006 IPCC software. And we find that it's difficult to be used in our circumstances because, for example, in the software, one of the drop-down boxes, you will find that the highest temperature for the life stock is 28, while here in Sudan, sometimes the temperature might reach 48. Yeah, so it doesn't suit our national circumstances and this is, of course, the challenge and currently we are thinking to develop our own software that suits our national circumstances and data needs. We're also suffering from discontinuity of the national team because after they get trained they might quit, they might be moved to another institutions and this is, of course, considered as crucial to our national communication. Sometimes also dispute might occur between the national climate change focal point and the national communication coordinator because in most cases the UNFT will see focal person is not the coordinator for the national communication and this might lead to some sort of dispute if I may say. Regarding the lesson learned, I can summarize it in four main points. Establishing national formal arrangement as appropriate may clarify sectoral roles and enhance the coordination between the involved institutions and may also facilitate the regular data collection and review or approval process for the data. Choosing unmanipulating and appropriate national greenhouse gas inventory coordinating body and of course the location within the government of the national GHD inventory coordinating body is a key factor influencing the effectiveness of institutional arrangement and in particular the strength of its mandate and ability to conduct interministerial coordination. The third point is the stakeholder involvement. Engaging a broad range of stakeholders is very important for the process. It is important that clear roles, responsibilities, schedules and outputs are defined early to ensure multi stakeholder process produce effective results and provide necessary inputs to compile the inventory and support other analysis in the report. And throughout our preparation of national communications, we had engaged many government institutions, non-governmental organizations, academic institutions, research centers and even the private sector to access the expertise, facilitate data collection of relevant information and with capacities and raise awareness of reporting activities beyond the government entities. As I said in my previous slide, more than 50 different institutions were involved in the preparation of national communication before. And the last point is the in-country institutional and technical capacity building and some developing countries as you're all aware have often relied on consultants and external experts to assess them in preparing inventory. And this has hindered the institutional knowledge and capacity gains, of course. We have managed to develop our national capacity, which helps to avoid reliance on external expertise, improve institutional, thereby enhancing the country ownership of the process. Regarding the commitment and the Paris Agreement to prepare ourselves for reporting under the Paris Agreement, we in Sudan are about to receive funds to prepare for the capacity building initiative on transparency. The CDIT, which will aim to strengthen our institutional and technical capacities to meet enhanced transparency requirements and that the Paris Agreement can improve it and improve it over time. The CDIT project will be considered as an opportunity to provide relevant tools, training and assistance for meeting the provisions of the enhanced transparency framework of Article 13. The expected output of the CDIT process will be developing institutional arrangement for climate transparency, achieving public awareness and capacity building of national experts, enhancing the greenhouse gas inventories and mitigation options, and development of robust domestic MRV and monitoring and evaluation systems as well. And finally, achieving progress on tracking the NDC implementation and transparency. And as you know, the NDC is the core theme of Paris Agreement. And by saying this, I have reached to the end of my presentation and I will remain for further questions and inquiries. And thank you so much for your kind attention. Thank you. Thank you so much, Reha, for your solid presentation. And I would really like to remind you to send your questions to Reha that she is online with us. And she will be answering your questions in written, so if you can send them as soon as possible, so that could be perfect. And now as we have a very tight agenda today, we are quickly moving to our next panelist, Charles Asomana from Liberia. Charles is the National Project Coordinator of Liberia's First Biennial Update Report Project. He is responsible for overseeing the project implementation, including the provision of technical assistance to the National Technical Expert Groups. And Charles is also a technical expert reviewer to the UNF People's See. It is a pleasure for me and my team from Liberia to participate in this webinar. And I would like to thank the organizer for giving us this opportunity. This presentation seeks to provide response to the theme question of this webinar. What does the Paris Agreement's Transparency Framework mean for Liberia as a least developed country? As seen in the online, I'll try to share our national reporting experience under the convention, explain where we are at the moment in terms of our national communication and by annual update report, present our vulnerabilities as key motivations from our national perspective, as well as online challenges, outcomes, and lessons learned. The act of the national legislature that created the EPA of Liberia, among other things, gave the agency the authority to sustainably manage the environment, including climate change. For example, preparing and submitting national communications and by annual update reports. Of course, to adequately execute its mandate, EPA works with government ministries and agencies, as well as other infantry stakeholders. In this slide, the structure of climate change governance in Liberia is summarized in an organogram form. As seen, EPA works in consultation with the national climate change steering committee, which is the over-action institutional structure with the mandate to coordinate and supervise the implementation of climate change policy. The national climate change secretariat as seen here is a supportive component of the steering committee. The Ministry of Finance and Development Planning, MOFTP, headed by our minister, chairs the EPA Board. As stated, EPA is the designated national authority. So, if you want to conduct greenhouse gas inventory in Liberia, what institutions will you be looking up for? Major ones for the key emissions sectors are highlighted in this table in red. For the energy sector, we have the Ministry of Mines and Energy. For the IPPU, the Ministry of Commerce, Waste Safety Corporations, Agriculture, the Ministry of Agriculture. And for the forestry and oil and land use of the FOLU sector, we have the Forestry Development Authority, for the forestry sub-sector, and the Liberia Land Authority for the land use sub-sector. So, let's address this question. Where are we with our inventory? Well, Liberia is in the advanced stages of the second national communication and first final of the report. And hopefully, by October this year, we'll be submitted to the UNFCCC. As you can see here in paragraph 2, these are the gases covered. For now, per fluorocarbon PFCs and sulfur hexafluoride Sf6 are not included. The tier 1 approach of the 2006 IPCC guidelines is being used. Even though Liberia's contribution to the global greenhouse gas emissions is negligibly low, the impacts of climate change are even more evident in the country over the past few decades, given that their physical, the financial, the human and the natural capital are low to build resilience. There are increased occurrences of floods across the country, as you can see in this slide in the next. This is a pictorial of the level of flood damage and coastal erosion, especially in impoverished communities. The preparation of our national communications and boundary update report has not come without enormous challenges. Infantry stakeholders are now forthcoming with data due to lack of trust on availability of data, and in some cases variations in format, perhaps due to lack of understanding of greenhouse gas infantry. In addition, from experience, I can say that we have weak institutions to successfully execute sustainable infantry activities. The absence of even an MOU and a huge rate of turnover of staff in public service are further hurting the infantry process. Lessons learned. We have now come to the realization that engagement and consultation with stakeholders, strong institutional and individual capacities, as well as robust institutional arrangements are essential elements to help us successfully transition to the enhanced transparency framework of the Paris Climate Agreement. In conclusion, let me hasten to say that Liberia is not fully prepared for the new framework that the Paris Agreement presents, but when capacities are enhanced at the systemic, institutional, and individual levels, Liberia will be in an ideal position to present its first per annual transparency report or the BTR in 2024, as required for all countries, as per the transparency framework. Once again, on behalf of my team, I will want to thank the International Institute for Environment and Development, IID, for considering us, and personally, thanks to all of you for listening. We hope to learn from your national reporting experiences and gain further insight on the real meaning, the actual meaning of the transparency framework for least developed countries. Thank you so much. Thank you, Charles. Thank you a lot for this presentation, very clear presentation on Liberia's reporting experience. And for sharing with us, Liberia's current needs to be better prepared to implement the new enhanced transparency framework. Again, I will welcome all your questions to Charles or to the previous speakers in the Q&A box. And now I will introduce our last but very exciting speaker from Malawi, Yamikani Ruiz. Yamikani is an environmental officer responsible for environmental planning, monitoring, and research in the Ministry of Natural Resources, energy and mining in Malawi. He is also a climate change administrator and is currently co-coordinating the transparency thematic team within the LDC Group. Yamikani is also a technical expert reviewer to the UNF presidency. Good morning, good afternoon, and good evening wherever you are. My name is Yamikani JD Idris from Malawi. I will present Malawi's experience in reporting under the UNF triple C. My presentation is going to take you through Malawi's status of reporting, motivation for reporting, challenges first by Malawi in the current environmental system, and what Malawi has already done in preparation for the ETA. Malawi as a party to the UNF triple C is committed and is happy to be meeting the reporting requirements under the convention. As a man and annex one parties Malawi is obliged to report the national communications and the biannual aptitude reports of course with some flexibility. So far Malawi reported its initial national communication in 2003 and reported the second national communication in 2011, and currently Malawi is preparing its third national communication and together with its first biannual aptitude reports. These two are under finalization process. In its initial national communication and second national communication Malawi reported its greenhouse gas inventory. Why are we motivated to report? First and foremost is that according to the UNF triple C national communication and BR guidelines, we are mandated to report. So we report to meet the reporting requirements as a mandatory under the national communication and BR guidelines. But secondly which is also very important Malawi is implementing the national climate change management policy of 2016 and the national development agenda which is the Malawi growth and development strategy. We finalized implementing the MTS2 and now we are implementing the Malawi growth and development strategy number three. So this national development agenda considered climate change management as among the key priority areas. So reporting is important so that we monitor climate change action at national level which is in line with these two and also showcasing our actions to the international community. At the same time we are able to demonstrate or show our green growth pathway through reporting. Despite being committed and legislating our progress in reporting on climate change action Malawi still facing a lot of challenges and these include insufficient financial sources and unsustainable funding for reporting inefficient data management and storage system, limited human resources capacity in terms of numbers, scale range and depth, inadequate capacity to track climate finances and our progress in implementation of our NDC and in preparation of just the national inventories Malawi lacks in country expertise, complete sets of data and country specific emission factors in most sectors. So you see that challenges like complete sets of data will make Malawi face problems when we want to voluntarily report the projections as among reporting items in the interest transparency framework. Lessons learnt and what needs to be done on ITF. We have learnt that to effectively implement the framework the following are very important. The first one is strengthening institutional arrangements and national capacity as a key to an effective reporting. This is witnessed because this is evidenced when we see a lot of countries or parties who are able to meet the reporting requirements they have a strong and well-capacitated system and also need to explore sustainable funding sources to deal with financial force and the need for efficient collection of infective and reliable data. This will include having in country specific emission factors and efficient data collection methods and storage. We have also to integrate the MRV system into existing national reporting systems. External causes are not sustainable hence the need to develop in-country expertise and also the need for developing robust M&E frameworks with measurable indicators for tracking progress in implementation of NDC. So Malawi took it as an opportunity by responding to the code to update the NDC. Our NDC now has measurable indicators. Also another important lesson is raising public awareness. So the public has to be aware of our status of reporting and also what leader reporting means under the conversion so that we can enhance public participation. What Malawi has done in preparation of the ETF so far Malawi with support from UCEDD has issued a G-Inventory system and also under the same project commissioned development of some emission factors i.e. in agriculture for the interior fermentation developed the climate change management information system with support from UNGP also established the national climate change fund through an act of firemen developed the TNAs where technologies were prioritized in adaptation and mitigation and also developed and submitted a project proposal for CBIT to Jeff which has just been approved. So it is our hope and belief that the support from CBIT will be used to operationalize these systems because despite being developed they are not yet operational and this includes the GHGIS the information agent system and the fund. So the support from CBIT and other world wishes will help us operationalize these systems so that now we are able to report infected. Thank you for your attention. I wish you all the best. Thank you Yamikami. Thank you a lot for your presentation and now we welcome all your questions to Yamikami through the Q&A box and we are on time and we have some minutes to answer some of your questions and have the discussion with the speakers. So I will start with the first question for Shuhon. Shuhon, someone asked you how will the ETF reporting happen in 2024 when DLDC still received project-based support as per the current financial mechanisms especially the GCF and that is also still also consultant led. So thank you very much. This is a very good question, a very challenging question as well. Indeed, right now for the GEF global environment facility when they support the preparation of NC and BURs they are basically project-based. But then this money are considered as kind of seed money so the aim really is to trigger a process at the national level to really to start, establish, put in place institutional arrangements at the national level. But then the good thing with GEF right now, GEF is considering its funding policy for the supporting of the new manual transparency report under the Paris Agreement and how to make the transition between the current funding and the future. And so there are many considerations in shaking this funding policy, one being that these projects should aim to help parties facilitate the establishment of sustainable domestic MRV and institutional arrangements. So I hope that provides some clarity. Thank you again for the good question. Back to you, Bernan. Thank you. Thank you to home. And now we are moving to Charles. We would like to ask you what Liberia stands to benefit after the BUR, the first BUR is supported later this year. Thank you so much for that question. Liberia is a party of the UNFCCC. And as a party, there are reporting requirements that will most fulfill. One of such is the Bayano Update Report to be submitted once every two years. So once it's submitted, it means that we have fulfilled our reporting requirement. We enhance our national reporting performance. And that means a lot. For example, in climate change negotiation dynamics, in my opinion, is money for action. So every person in a position where we can make a strong case to enhance our ability locally and internationally. Thank you very much. Thank you, Charles. Thank you for your answer. And now we have a question for Yamikani. There's a question that you can answer. It's what kind of domestic legislation is helpful to strengthen national reporting arrangements? So over to you, Yamikani. Yeah, thank you, Fernanda and our viewers over the world. But the question which I would like to answer is that what kind of domestic legislation is helpful to strengthen national reporting arrangement? I think on this one, we lie most on the MOUs. So we need to strengthen these MOUs through developing domestic legislation. For instance, for us to strengthen the national reporting arrangement in terms of finance, we have taken the approach of getting the national climate change fund. So this has been gazetted through an act of parliament so that all the funds are going to be going into one basket. So I think we need to sit down and think of how we can now domesticate these other reporting requirements so that we can now produce the legislation to enhance the MOUs which are quite the most used current. Thank you so much for your answer. And now we have another question for Shuhun and the question is related to the technical assistance and finance. And it says that it seems that most support is through technical assistance. So if there's long term finance available for continued production of the EETFs and the national communications, so I think that for the Bayana Transparency reports and the national communication. Thank you for the question. Actually, right now, as you know, as you may know, under the Paris Agreement, there is this funding, this mechanism in place which is called capacity building initiative for transparency. And then it supports a number of projects to support parties with their transparency fulfillment of transparency reporting under transparency. So this is really, this is to establish under the Paris Agreement. So in the long run, this will be a dedicated mechanism to support this activity. And another reflections I would like to share is that right now there are various supports being provided by various organizations and technical institutions. And there seems to be a need for these organizations to work together to avoid duplication and try to build more synergy in terms of providing support to developing country parties. So this is another reflection that I would like to share using this opportunity. Thank you. Back to you, Fernanda. Thank you, Juan. We have other questions also related to the support for these developed countries that I think that I understand that can be answered with your answer. And now we have some questions from Rehab and we are going to try to put out some answers now online. And Matt is going to help us just to receive the answer from Rehab. And the question was, the question that were made was to avoid discontinuity. What are the plans to maintain the national team, so the national team, the group of experts at national level to continue the reporting process. So for Lewis, he was asking, how can we maintain the continuity of our national team? Actually, this is a little bit difficult in my country because as I said before, the displacement of people or sometimes they have been moved to another institutions. But what we did, we managed to create greenhouse gas inventory units in 10 relevant institutions through a memorandum of understanding. And we provide them with computers and printers because we want them to save the activity data for the greenhouse gas inventory in this desktop. And then we connected all these units through a server. I don't know what you name it, we call it server, yes, through iCloud. Now all the data are kept in a safe place in a safe computer, even this person have been moved or went for another institution. The data is still kept in this computer and we save it in the iCloud and we never want to retrieve this data. It's available even if the person who was responsible of this work has been changed. The other people who will come and sit here, all the data are still kept and this is actually was very, very, very efficient. Yes, because we cannot guarantee that the team members are not moved. But now we ensure that the data is kept and can be shared at any time. And for myself as a national coordinator, whenever I want to retrieve the data to update the data for the greenhouse gas inventory, I can open it from my desktop and through this server. I can change, I can do whatever needed. Thank you Matt, that worked very well and we were able to have rehab with us today, that's really good. And we have another question for Schuhol also on funding and we're asking if there's funding for developing local communities competence, because the top down approach and to consider local context. So how can that be possible at all? Thank you, thank you for the good question. This is a very important question. Actually, there are a number of various elements in various activities are having this component building local community capacity. However, there's a need to further systemize this efforts. For the specific projects or schemes in place, I'll need to consult with my colleagues in the secretary and I may be able to provide more specific information on that through IED after this webinar. Thank you. Thank you, Schuhol. Now we are going to go to a couple of questions also to my Reha. One is related to what institutional existing arrangements, law policies, etc. Did you use to allow for the reporting? Yes, it's related to the national communications and some national law, other than the national mitigation reports and the national mitigation reports. For implementation of Paris Agreement and the NDCs, we will also follow the same pattern that have been used for the national communication because it approved that it is very fine and we work through this pattern since our first national communication. As I said in my presentation, almost more than 300 persons or members were participated in this national communication. So we'll follow the same participatory approach for implementation of other reporting requirements under Paris Agreement like the Biennial Transparency Report and for implementation of NDCs which usually rely on our teams rather than relying on one consultant. Even those people sometimes participate in regional training that conducted by the CGE or by the UNFCC Secretariat or by the Global Support Program or UNIP Africa. We send members from our teams to participate in this regional training. Regarding the review, we mostly rely on our national expert from the universities and research center that have a good experience in climate change issues. And also we relate very much in what is called the Global Support Program which is a joint body between UNIP and UNDP. And they provide technical assistance and support for African countries, for non-anxuan countries, developing countries not only Africa, for the review process. Now currently we will send them our greenhouse gas inventory and our national communication at the whole when done and finished for the process of review. Thank you Matt and thank you Reha for that good answer and I realize that we are running out of time and we didn't have to answer all the questions that you have submitted in our panel. But our panelists are available to answer your questions offline so I would like to make the best effort just to answer your questions and so you can have your answers also if not leave. And so we are now coming to an end of the webinar and before closing I would like to ask all the participants to give the feedback by filling a short survey that we prepared. And that we are going to post also in the chat so if you can give us your feedback that would be useful for us to improve in our next webinars. And also I would really like to thank you all for joining us today and also I would like to invite you to join us for our next webinars in DC. Yes, that is featuring LDCs national experiences in implementing the Paris Agreement in their national frameworks and policies. And our next webinar will take place next week on Thursday the 13th of August and we'll focus on the experiences of LDCs currently in the process of developing their long term strategies. And the third webinar is hosted by IID in partnership with the International Center for Climate Change and Development and it will take place on Tuesday, 8th of September and we'll examine LDCs experiences of loss and damage. And there was a question on loss and damage that we couldn't answer today so it would be answered during that webinar. Two really exciting webinars for our next sessions and you can find more information and registration details in our website and the social media and through the link that also we are now posting in the chat box. And I would like to give a final huge thanks to all our great panelists and also to all of you for joining us today and for sharing your valuable time with us. And also we hope that we can see you again in our upcoming events and please reach out to us if you have any further comments or questions as we would really like to keep this transparency conversation going. So I hope you have a great day and this is all for my side. Goodbye to all.