 Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, accounting for about 90% of cancer deaths. Although progress has been made in cancer treatment, limited advancements have been achieved in treating cancer metastasis due to various factors. The metastatic process involves four essential steps, detachment, migration, invasion, and adhesion, which are interrelated and influenced by multiple biochemical events and parameters. Tumor microenvironment also plays a significant role in cancer metastasis. Targeting these biochemical factors and tumor microenvironment can potentially prevent or inhibit cancer metastasis. This article was offered by Sha Mingguan.