 a very good morning to all of you. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor of the Department of Education, S.S. Khanna Girls' Study College, University of Al-Aabad. And today I am going to discuss a very important and basic topic under educational psychology or psychology you can say, stages of child development. Okay? Bale Bikas ke Charan. My video will be bilingual for benefit of both Indian and English medium students. For more updates kindly join my Tehran group Explore Education and do subscribe my channel too for getting my further lectures and videos. Okay? And this video will be useful for certain teaching examinations because child development pedagogy is the constituent part of constituent of many Indian examinations. Okay? Confident of. Okay? First of all, dabbhi hum vikas ki baat halige to hum po vridhi aur vikas ke bhi chhe andar po pehse sanjna hoga. Okay? Yuki agar hum subjective examinations dehte hain, hain our theoretical paper hota hain to us main akshar kuch chha rata short notes between, show the difference between growth and development. What do you understand by growth and development? Toh kabhi kabhi hum interchangeably use kar dehte hain vridhi po aur vikas ko. Jab ki doon cheeze alak, doon concept alak hain. Leh main me to chha jaya hum vridhi po aur vikas ko hain, leh agar aap student hain, agar aap disciple hain, disciple hain, education hain, psychology hain kisi li, branch ke to aap ho inka andar pata hoon chee. Ke aanta hain? Many people use these terms interchangeably but in reality these two terms mean different assets. Ye main aap ho batalia. Growth kya hain? Growth in the strict sense refers to measurable quantities Ye hain ki aap sis andar pe sabhat hain, yu vridhi ko hain naap sakta hain, maap nahi agon hain. Jiseki height to weight, whereas development kya hain refers to the process of functional maturation. Hamaar maturation ho rao functional maturation. That is maturation of the role played by the body in system in its purest sense. Ye hain ke role played jo humaari body katye uske function ne maturity agar li hain toh wo development hain. Agar measurable quantities mehzakar sathe hain wo vridhi toh wo vridhi hain. Ye height palisabar li weight palisabar liya. That is growth. Growth does not restrict its reference only to outward physical growth. Growth hain matura se yain ki humaari baali jo meh vridhi ke liye. But that of internal organs like brain. Brain grow karaya jise hum pada hoon se lege japta hum medal tootak jate. Hence it is both physical and mental development. But development by contrast refers to qualitative changes. Ye hain ki hain mota mota yeh sathne ki growth jo hain wo quantitative hain. And the development hain wo qualitative. Kuna atma vridhi ho liye, yama matra atma vridhi ho liye. Okay, toh development ho hum endersen aur harddoc ke shabdum leke. Harddoc saa ki boh banyan kitabhe, chai development pe boh jaani mani kitabhe. Aap usko refer kar sathe hain. Endersen kya hain? As endersen has emphasized that development merely a matter of adding inches to ABT. Mata yeh liye, yogita rithri inch hai phir thodin wo rithri inch hola thir rithni inch hola. Yeh sif adding inches nahin hain, vikas. Bali kya hain? It is a complex process of integrating many structures and functions. Bohat saari sanchanao aur kari hoon ka yeh ek same kitroop hai jo ki jate le. Wo hain vikas. Aur harddoc ke shabdum le it may be defined as a progressive series of orderly, coherent changes. Mata progresive hain. Yani uttotar vikas ho rahe. Unnati ho liye orderly hain. Mata prambad hai. Aur coherent ya mata saa mila ke chara liye ki ek aang alak vixit hota rahe hain. Haan shali vixit nahin ho rahe. It is not like that. Progressive signifies that the changes are directional. Progressive hota rahe ki ek risha mein ho rahe ho backward niye baki forward hai. That they lead forward rather than backward hai. Haan asa nahin ho rahe hain. Haan pare itne vixit hain become vixit ho hiye become vixit ho hiye. No. Uttotar unnati ki tarab jaan hain. Orderly coherence suggests that there is a definite relationship between a given stage and these stages which precede or follow it. Yani ki jo charaan hain bo unne ek disha hain. Bo ek coherence apke saa miljul kar aang hain. Krambad hai. To ye to haan ridiya vikas ki viskanda jo kya ako pata ho na chahiye. Okay. Then dimensions of development. Vikas ki bohch hain aang hain. Jeseki physical hota hain. Haan po doshti gocha hota hain. Haan hain. Haan pari gulbari hai. Haan tara phaar bata hai. Covenitive hota. Yani ki haan pehle jisupo better li sumhpaat hain. Jeseki hota hain. Haan hota hain. Haan betas mashhe phe unr ke baad haan hota hain. Haan betas mashhe phe Inmoshaan hai development. Haan po kya hota swah se haan po piyaar hota hai. Self love se joh haan po achha krha hai. Wan hi amkate hain. Lekin emotions pe baat hain. Haan po control aan jaata hai. Haan po emotional outburst pe haan ko control karna seekhain. Haan regulate karna seekhain. We learn how to manage our emotions. Social development, we learn how to be social norms according to the social norms. We are moral, first of all why do we do wrong, we are scared, we will be punished, we will be punished, we will not be able to talk properly, we will not get chocolate, we will not get a toffee. As our moral development goes on, we make universal laws that no one has to hurt, we have to follow the universal moral law only because we have to do the right thing. Language development, first the child cannot speak, then the younger one learns to speak, then the older one learns to speak, then a lot of words are learned. You will see that speech will be used here. But how much work will be done? Physical, cognitive, emotional, social, moral, language development. Then stages of development. You can see in the books that you get a lot of ways. You can also get infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood. But here I have covered all the stages, from pre-natal development to old age. After this, there is a stage of death in the books and literature. But I have skipped it here. So pre-natal development, infancy, toddlerhood, early childhood, late childhood, then adolescence. In adolescence, there can be early adolescence, late adolescence, middle adolescence. But there is a lot of emphasis on adolescence, here I have covered all the stages, so much emphasis on adolescence will not be given here. Then adulthood, there is early adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood. Or late adulthood, we call it old age. So since childhood, from so many years, when it comes to conception, from the mother's womb to the stage of death, it will become old age. In this, the growth and development from infancy to the age 6. When you are in the age of 6, then you are in the age of 6, then you are in the age of 6 years. During the pre-school age, which is called rapid development. I mean, it is very urgent, very urgent. The child is not able to do anything, so he runs. After that, what are the many slows down. Okay, so let's start from the beginning with behavioral development. What will come in behavioral development? Day of conception, the birth of the child. That means, the whole development that is happening in the mother's womb. From the day she came to the mother's womb, Bruna came, embryo came, from that day, until she is born, she is also a wiser, she is very wiser here. She is very wiser, she has developed a growth. So this period is called pre-natal development. Sometimes she doesn't know, sometimes she doesn't know what she is doing. The whole development is divided into two parts, pre-natal and post-natal. So post-natal, what do you mean by natal? Before and after birth, this is what it means. So after birth, your entire infancy will come to the stage of death, and pre-natal, from which the conception was born. Okay, the approximate duration of this period is this duration of 2087-2080, which is the birth of the mother's womb. The growth, period of growth of the fetus in the mother's womb. Okay, so these three stages can be divided into three parts. The germinal stage, which is called the period of the gyro, embryonic stage, which is called the period of the embryo, and the period of the fetus. Now look, the topic is very easy here. There is no such cliched that you can understand. But since it is very easy, what do we do with our assets? We study it in a simple way. And the question is, what is the stage called the germinal stage, what is the stage called the embryonic stage, or what is the stage called the embryonic stage, what is the stage called the germinal stage, so we can't answer these small and easy questions. So what is the germinal stage? You have to get an egg like. In gyro, it is called the human age. What is embryo? So what is the germinal stage? Egg-like organization, existing mothers, womb and period is for about two weeks, just after conception. The day the conception took place, until after two weeks, the germinal stage or period of the gyro is called the human age. Then comes the embryonic stage. Where is this from the third week to the end of the seventh week? You can say that from two weeks to two months, the seventh week means about two months, so from two weeks to two months is the embryonic stage. During this period, the embryo grows from the microscopic single cell ovum out of faint structure of fetus. So what is the stage called? What is the stage called? The things that are visible from the microscope, they take a little bit of the dust of the fetus. The period of fetus begins from the ninth week of conception and continues till birth. The period of fetus begins from the ninth week of conception till the birth of the child. Okay, then infancy. In infancy, it is called shashva. Shashva means the steady pre-natal development faces an end and a shock at the time of birth. Look, when the child was very shocked, when he came out of the mother's house, because the mother didn't want to do anything to him, he wanted to do something in a very self-secure, in a very cohesive, cozy environment. He didn't want to do anything to him. Temperature, everything, he didn't want to do anything. And when he comes out of the mother's house, he wants to do everything in a self-secure. That's why it is said that baby cries are very important. Because in the lungs, for the first time, he is actively using it. That's why the voice of the baby is important. Okay, fetus now is in a drastically different environment. There is a drastic change in the environment when the child is born. And further development depends on how well she or he can adjust. And further development depends on how well she or he can adjust with her. Adjusting to room temperature, breathing independently, sucking and swallowing the milk, elimination of the body waste, or prime areas that the newborn needs to master. That is to adjust the temperature of the baby, breathe from the baby, suck the milk of the mother, take out the body waste. These are the best and most prime tasks that newborns need to learn. And it is very important to adjust the weight of the baby. Then there is slight weight loss during infancy. When the baby is born, the baby's weight is a little less than the baby's birth. Which is also considered as a plateau in the development. This is called a plateau. A plateau is created and then it is vaping. The period from birth up to the disconnection of the umbilical cord is known as the period of partunate. The umbilical cord disconnection is called the period of partunate. And the period from cutting of umbilical cord up to the falling of the umbilical cord is known as the period of neonate. The umbilical cord is connected to the umbilical cord. When the umbilical cord is removed, the baby is cut out. So, until the umbilical cord is cut, the baby is sucked into the umbilical cord for a week. This is called the period of neonate. So, you can ask this also. So, you can tell me. And after this period, the baby begins to regain lost pathway and resume development. What happens is that the baby is trying to regain its weight and the development begins with the birth of the baby. So, this is called the toddler or babyhood. Babyhood is a stage that follows infancy and extends between two weeks to two years. So, for two weeks to two years, the baby that is growing is called the toddler or babyhood. Development during babyhood is the foundation for the development during the entire life. See, the baby's development for two years is influenced by the development of the baby's whole life. That's why the baby needs a lot of care, love, affection, warmth, and show. Rapid physical and intellectual development is increased independence and individuality. The individuality of the baby is gradually mixed in the way the baby lives. Socialization is taught for two years. Sexual typing is taught. If a baby is born, whether it is a boy or in a girl shop, or if not, it will be new, or if it will be pink, it will be good for you. So, sexual typing is taught. Baby is expected to learn to walk by two years. Two years later, the baby goes to learn to walk, and they take the food for the body. They come to the partnership control, and they teach the baby how to eliminate it. They can also help the baby. Learn the foundation of receptive and expressive speech. And to emotionally relate to parents and others, because they know So, we learn to show emotions from them. So, the development of the child is very much done here. Then comes the early childhood. The early childhood is up to 2-12 years old. The early childhood is 6-12 years old and the late childhood is 6-12 years old. So, the entire time spent here is divided into 2-6 years old. So, what is that? The pre-school stage. So, the pre-school stage is divided into 2-6 years old. This is the pre-school stage. The child of the pre-school stage is trying to explore the world a lot. There are many very curious questions of the question of the stage. Why is the question like this and that and that? The child is trying to imitate the parents, the teachers, the model, the hero, the heroine, whatever they like. And, the child has an age of creative. So, as an educational point of view, we can make our children happy in these stages. Normal speech development gains significant strides where they learn proper pronunciation, making of sentences and building of vocab. Language development starts here, it speaks well, it forms sentences. Emotions are intense with frequent emotional outbursts. Emotions are very fast and emotional outbursts. They get angry, they shout, they cry. The child progressively moves on to independence and is no longer the baby. Now he says, you are not a child. And he himself feels the same way. There is a sibling rivalry. At this time, why do you fight with your siblings? Why do you get less? Why do you get less? Why do you get less? All these things happen in 2 to 6 years. And the system must not be authoritarian, but based on love and acceptance of the child, we need to take care of the child at this time. The child means the child. The child is meant to speak. Then the late child group. This happens after 6 to 7 years. The PN group assumes great significance. The S group of the child is very important to them. They are my friend, my circle. And children of this age crowd together and gang up. They sit together and sit together. The scaring name, the earned name is gang age. That is why the age is also called gang age. Learn to get along with your siblings in the long run. Learn to sit together and sit together. Learn basic skills of reading, writing, arithmetic. Learn necessary for everyday gaming concepts. Develop a sense of morality. Develop values for your own lives. Do you have morality? Develop attitude towards social roots and institutions. Whether it is a school, library, house, So if you cross childhood adolescence well, then you can become a better adult. Every developmental stage has its developmental tasks. If you include it like this, then it will take more time. If you cut it from here, then you like it differently. Every developmental task is smooth in the next stage. Otherwise, there will be developmental disturbances. Adolescence is a recent concept in our literature. Why? First, because you were a child and got married, then what happened? You did not have a childhood childhood. So this is a recent concept of schooling, industrial revolution, etc. So this is a very important stage of our life. It means to grow to mature. How are you growing towards maturity? The age range between 12 and 19 is between 13 and 19. This is called teenage age. Teenagers are between 13 and 19. That is why teenagers take a rapid physical change in sexual nature. This is the time of puberty. Then, Stanley Hawley has stress and strong. He has a lot of stress and strong. Achieving emotional and economic independence. We try to be emotional and independent. We want to have some pocket money and some economic independence. This is heightened emotionality. This student is very emotional. Sometimes he is in a good mood, sometimes he is in a bad mood, without any reason. Then, gaining self-identity. Identity crisis. What is the meaning of this? Identity crisis versus role confusion. Either we know what identity or role we are confused in. What am I? Mechanism of moral code should be developed. There should be a moral code developed here. Then, adulthood. We can consider adulthood as early adulthood, middle adulthood, late adulthood or old age. In adulthood, different cultures are different ages. This will be at this age. According to the culture. The cultural change. You call it early adulthood, middle adulthood or late adulthood. Then also, early adulthood. From here, it is 19 years old. Adolescents cross 19 years of age. 40 years of age. Now, what is Adolescent? It has increased. Adolescent increases to 30 years of age. Adolescent increases to 30 years of age. Adolescent increases to 30 years of age. This is an old classification. It should change over time. It will change over time. But, you can understand it. Then, by the time we reach adulthood, our physical maturation is complete. You have become a member of the physical maturation and sexual maturation. Early adulthood, physical abilities speak. We are very strong. We have strength. We have muscle strength. We have sensory abilities. Cardiac function is going well at this age. Then, most professional athletes are at the top of their game. During this stage, we have played for 19, 40, 40 years. We have retired. At this time, physical abilities have been declined. There is a settling down age. This is also a productive age. There is also a problem age. There is a lot of work to be done at this age. Adjustment, work, spouse, students, children, children, friends, relatives. This is a problem age. It is very difficult to balance. The stage of social isolation is the same. Till Adolescent, you were in the gang age. You were in the P.L. group. You were in the post office. What is now? Your job is done. You are married. You have a different family. What has happened to you? We are not able to get up with our friends. We are not able to spend time. So, this is the stage of social isolation. And time of commitment. Because you have to show your commitment. You have to show your commitment in workplace, in your house, in your relationship. So, this is also a time of commitment. In the middle age, you will get money from 40 to 60 times. In the middle age, you will get money from 40 to 60 times. What is now? Time for expanding personal, social involvement, responsibilities. Time for reaching and maintaining satisfaction. When you retire, you will get a real estate promotion. You will think, let's go. You have done so much. Decline in physical skills. Dreaded P.L. Next, it is the most dreaded P.L. in the total life. Thank you. If you are not able to achieve, then you will think, I shouldn't have done anything. I should have involved myself. Time of transition. Awkward age. I mean, you are not an adult at this time or you are old at this time. So, it becomes a little awkward situation. Time of evaluation. We evaluate our whole life. How did we live? What did we achieve? What did we lose? Time of emptiness. It feels empty. Because life has become a part of it. It is near to it. So, time of boredom is also there. Okay. Then later, you will find an old age. What is the state of life from the 60s or 65s onward? Pace of life and productivity tend to slow down, right? Now, you are not productive like that. You don't have the strength in your body. The pace of your life has also become soft. A personal time of reflection. We reflect on ourselves. What could have been better? What could have been better? What could have been better? What could have been better? What could have been better? Failing of memories. What is our reality? It fails. Tension between integrity and despair. You have to tell the difference of the one-person case. We have told the whole psychosocial development that there are 8 stages. So, this is the state of integrity and despair. Either we feel that we have lived very well and we want to live like this, or we become a state of satisfaction and happiness, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, or we feel sad, so individuals, either came to accept their rights as having meaningful integrity or they contemplated their rights as unproductive and unfulfilling feeling of this player. There is death afternoon, we will go into the stage first. So, Path bathrooms are a bit early, it was important to have a long route. So, you want to do it now. So this is a very important basic topic, how is a child from a child's age to the age of the old age, how do they evolve, whether it is developmental task or how to see the child, how is their development, being an educationist, being a parent, what can you do for them. Okay? 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