 How do they know it's the nitrate that's responsible for the beet-related boost in athletic performance? Beets have all sorts of wonderful phytonutrients. Well, first they compared beet juice to a berry juice, packed with phytonutrients, but no nitrate. Beets worked, berries didn't. Yeah, but still I'm sure there's lots of stuff unique to beets other than the nitrate. So they got creative. If it truly is this unbelievable nitrate-to-nitrite double-pass through the mouth, what would happen if you had them swish with an antiseptic mouthwash? Wipe out that integral population of tongue bacteria. They tried it, nitrite levels dropped, presumably eliminating the performance-enhancing effect. They even had guys drink the beet juice and then drool for three hours, without swallowing of their saliva, and that eliminated the beet root effect, too. The effect of beet root juice on the plasma concentration of nitrite and the effects of spitting versus swallowing. I told you this was a crazy story. They drank the same amount of beet juice, but by drinking and drooling, they removed that critical second pass through the mouth. So don't waste your money buying beets to boost your athletic performance unless you keep your tongue bacteria happy and swallow your spit.